diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt index 5356790..7bdf708 100644 --- a/CMakeLists.txt +++ b/CMakeLists.txt @@ -1,15 +1,19 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11) project (emmy) -set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX install) + +if (NOT CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX) + set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX install) +endif() set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11) set(EMMY_LUA_VERSION "54" CACHE STRING "Lua version: jit/51/52/53/54") set(EMMY_CORE_VERSION "DEV" CACHE STRING "Emmy core version: DEV/version number") +option(EMMY_USE_LUA_SOURCE "Build with lua source" OFF) if(${EMMY_LUA_VERSION} STREQUAL "54") - set(EMMY_LUA_DIR "lua-5.4.0") + set(EMMY_LUA_DIR "lua-5.4.6") add_definitions(-DEMMY_LUA_54) elseif(${EMMY_LUA_VERSION} STREQUAL "53") set(EMMY_LUA_DIR "lua-5.3.5") diff --git a/emmy_core/CMakeLists.txt b/emmy_core/CMakeLists.txt index 7fd0999..1475682 100644 --- a/emmy_core/CMakeLists.txt +++ b/emmy_core/CMakeLists.txt @@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ add_dependencies( emmy_debugger ) -option(EMMY_USE_LUA_SOURCE "Build with lua source" OFF) - set_target_properties(emmy_core PROPERTIES PREFIX "") target_include_directories(emmy_core diff --git a/emmy_debugger/src/api/lua_state/lua_state_54.cpp b/emmy_debugger/src/api/lua_state/lua_state_54.cpp index a229be3..f0a699e 100644 --- a/emmy_debugger/src/api/lua_state/lua_state_54.cpp +++ b/emmy_debugger/src/api/lua_state/lua_state_54.cpp @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ #ifdef EMMY_USE_LUA_SOURCE #include "lstate.h" #else -#include "lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.h" +#include "lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.h" #endif lua_State* GetMainState_lua54(lua_State* L) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.c deleted file mode 100644 index c563b1d..0000000 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,822 +0,0 @@ -/* -** $Id: ldo.c $ -** Stack and Call structure of Lua -** See Copyright Notice in lua.h -*/ - -#define ldo_c -#define LUA_CORE - -#include "lprefix.h" - - -#include -#include -#include - -#include "lua.h" - -#include "lapi.h" -#include "ldebug.h" -#include "ldo.h" -#include "lfunc.h" -#include "lgc.h" -#include "lmem.h" -#include "lobject.h" -#include "lopcodes.h" -#include "lparser.h" -#include "lstate.h" -#include "lstring.h" -#include "ltable.h" -#include "ltm.h" -#include "lundump.h" -#include "lvm.h" -#include "lzio.h" - - - -#define errorstatus(s) ((s) > LUA_YIELD) - - -/* -** {====================================================== -** Error-recovery functions -** ======================================================= -*/ - -/* -** LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. By -** default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when compiling as -** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with -** longjmp/setjmp otherwise. -*/ -#if !defined(LUAI_THROW) /* { */ - -#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP) /* { */ - -/* C++ exceptions */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) throw(c) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \ - try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; } -#define luai_jmpbuf int /* dummy variable */ - -#elif defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* }{ */ - -/* in POSIX, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) _longjmp((c)->b, 1) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } -#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf - -#else /* }{ */ - -/* ISO C handling with long jumps */ -#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) longjmp((c)->b, 1) -#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } -#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf - -#endif /* } */ - -#endif /* } */ - - - -/* chain list of long jump buffers */ -struct lua_longjmp { - struct lua_longjmp *previous; - luai_jmpbuf b; - volatile int status; /* error code */ -}; - - -void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) { - switch (errcode) { - case LUA_ERRMEM: { /* memory error? */ - setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, G(L)->memerrmsg); /* reuse preregistered msg. */ - break; - } - case LUA_ERRERR: { - setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, "error in error handling")); - break; - } - case CLOSEPROTECT: { - setnilvalue(s2v(oldtop)); /* no error message */ - break; - } - default: { - setobjs2s(L, oldtop, L->top - 1); /* error message on current top */ - break; - } - } - L->top = oldtop + 1; -} - - -l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) { - if (L->errorJmp) { /* thread has an error handler? */ - L->errorJmp->status = errcode; /* set status */ - LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp); /* jump to it */ - } - else { /* thread has no error handler */ - global_State *g = G(L); - errcode = luaF_close(L, L->stack, errcode); /* close all upvalues */ - L->status = cast_byte(errcode); /* mark it as dead */ - if (g->mainthread->errorJmp) { /* main thread has a handler? */ - setobjs2s(L, g->mainthread->top++, L->top - 1); /* copy error obj. */ - luaD_throw(g->mainthread, errcode); /* re-throw in main thread */ - } - else { /* no handler at all; abort */ - if (g->panic) { /* panic function? */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, errcode, L->top); /* assume EXTRA_STACK */ - if (L->ci->top < L->top) - L->ci->top = L->top; /* pushing msg. can break this invariant */ - lua_unlock(L); - g->panic(L); /* call panic function (last chance to jump out) */ - } - abort(); - } - } -} - - -int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud) { - global_State *g = G(L); - l_uint32 oldnCcalls = g->Cstacklimit - (L->nCcalls + L->nci); - struct lua_longjmp lj; - lj.status = LUA_OK; - lj.previous = L->errorJmp; /* chain new error handler */ - L->errorJmp = &lj; - LUAI_TRY(L, &lj, - (*f)(L, ud); - ); - L->errorJmp = lj.previous; /* restore old error handler */ - L->nCcalls = g->Cstacklimit - oldnCcalls - L->nci; - return lj.status; -} - -/* }====================================================== */ - - -/* -** {================================================================== -** Stack reallocation -** =================================================================== -*/ -static void correctstack (lua_State *L, StkId oldstack, StkId newstack) { - CallInfo *ci; - UpVal *up; - if (oldstack == newstack) - return; /* stack address did not change */ - L->top = (L->top - oldstack) + newstack; - for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next) - up->v = s2v((uplevel(up) - oldstack) + newstack); - for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { - ci->top = (ci->top - oldstack) + newstack; - ci->func = (ci->func - oldstack) + newstack; - if (isLua(ci)) - ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* signal to update 'trap' in 'luaV_execute' */ - } -} - - -/* some space for error handling */ -#define ERRORSTACKSIZE (LUAI_MAXSTACK + 200) - - -int luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize, int raiseerror) { - int lim = L->stacksize; - StkId newstack = luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack, lim, newsize, StackValue); - lua_assert(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK || newsize == ERRORSTACKSIZE); - lua_assert(L->stack_last - L->stack == L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK); - if (unlikely(newstack == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */ - if (raiseerror) - luaM_error(L); - else return 0; /* do not raise an error */ - } - for (; lim < newsize; lim++) - setnilvalue(s2v(newstack + lim)); /* erase new segment */ - correctstack(L, L->stack, newstack); - L->stack = newstack; - L->stacksize = newsize; - L->stack_last = L->stack + newsize - EXTRA_STACK; - return 1; -} - - -/* -** Try to grow the stack by at least 'n' elements. when 'raiseerror' -** is true, raises any error; otherwise, return 0 in case of errors. -*/ -int luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n, int raiseerror) { - int size = L->stacksize; - int newsize = 2 * size; /* tentative new size */ - if (unlikely(size > LUAI_MAXSTACK)) { /* need more space after extra size? */ - if (raiseerror) - luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error inside message handler */ - else return 0; - } - else { - int needed = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + n + EXTRA_STACK; - if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) /* cannot cross the limit */ - newsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK; - if (newsize < needed) /* but must respect what was asked for */ - newsize = needed; - if (unlikely(newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)) { /* stack overflow? */ - /* add extra size to be able to handle the error message */ - luaD_reallocstack(L, ERRORSTACKSIZE, raiseerror); - if (raiseerror) - luaG_runerror(L, "stack overflow"); - else return 0; - } - } /* else no errors */ - return luaD_reallocstack(L, newsize, raiseerror); -} - - -static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) { - CallInfo *ci; - StkId lim = L->top; - for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { - if (lim < ci->top) lim = ci->top; - } - lua_assert(lim <= L->stack_last); - return cast_int(lim - L->stack) + 1; /* part of stack in use */ -} - - -void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) { - int inuse = stackinuse(L); - int goodsize = inuse + (inuse / 8) + 2*EXTRA_STACK; - if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) - goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK; /* respect stack limit */ - /* if thread is currently not handling a stack overflow and its - good size is smaller than current size, shrink its stack */ - if (inuse <= (LUAI_MAXSTACK - EXTRA_STACK) && - goodsize < L->stacksize) - luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize, 0); /* ok if that fails */ - else /* don't change stack */ - condmovestack(L,{},{}); /* (change only for debugging) */ - luaE_shrinkCI(L); /* shrink CI list */ -} - - -void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L) { - luaD_checkstack(L, 1); - L->top++; -} - -/* }================================================================== */ - - -/* -** Call a hook for the given event. Make sure there is a hook to be -** called. (Both 'L->hook' and 'L->hookmask', which trigger this -** function, can be changed asynchronously by signals.) -*/ -void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line, - int ftransfer, int ntransfer) { - lua_Hook hook = L->hook; - if (hook && L->allowhook) { /* make sure there is a hook */ - int mask = CIST_HOOKED; - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top); - ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top); - lua_Debug ar; - ar.event = event; - ar.currentline = line; - ar.i_ci = ci; - if (ntransfer != 0) { - mask |= CIST_TRAN; /* 'ci' has transfer information */ - ci->u2.transferinfo.ftransfer = ftransfer; - ci->u2.transferinfo.ntransfer = ntransfer; - } - luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */ - if (L->top + LUA_MINSTACK > ci->top) - ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; - L->allowhook = 0; /* cannot call hooks inside a hook */ - ci->callstatus |= mask; - lua_unlock(L); - (*hook)(L, &ar); - lua_lock(L); - lua_assert(!L->allowhook); - L->allowhook = 1; - ci->top = restorestack(L, ci_top); - L->top = restorestack(L, top); - ci->callstatus &= ~mask; - } -} - - -/* -** Executes a call hook for Lua functions. This function is called -** whenever 'hookmask' is not zero, so it checks whether call hooks are -** active. -*/ -void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { - int hook = (ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) ? LUA_HOOKTAILCALL : LUA_HOOKCALL; - Proto *p; - if (!(L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)) /* some other hook? */ - return; /* don't call hook */ - p = clLvalue(s2v(ci->func))->p; - L->top = ci->top; /* prepare top */ - ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */ - luaD_hook(L, hook, -1, 1, p->numparams); - ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* correct 'pc' */ -} - - -static StkId rethook (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstres, int nres) { - ptrdiff_t oldtop = savestack(L, L->top); /* hook may change top */ - int delta = 0; - if (isLuacode(ci)) { - Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(ci->func))->p; - if (p->is_vararg) - delta = ci->u.l.nextraargs + p->numparams + 1; - if (L->top < ci->top) - L->top = ci->top; /* correct top to run hook */ - } - if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) { /* is return hook on? */ - int ftransfer; - ci->func += delta; /* if vararg, back to virtual 'func' */ - ftransfer = cast(unsigned short, firstres - ci->func); - luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1, ftransfer, nres); /* call it */ - ci->func -= delta; - } - if (isLua(ci->previous)) - L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc; /* update 'oldpc' */ - return restorestack(L, oldtop); -} - - -/* -** Check whether 'func' has a '__call' metafield. If so, put it in the -** stack, below original 'func', so that 'luaD_call' can call it. Raise -** an error if there is no '__call' metafield. -*/ -void luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) { - const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(func), TM_CALL); - StkId p; - if (unlikely(ttisnil(tm))) - luaG_typeerror(L, s2v(func), "call"); /* nothing to call */ - for (p = L->top; p > func; p--) /* open space for metamethod */ - setobjs2s(L, p, p-1); - L->top++; /* stack space pre-allocated by the caller */ - setobj2s(L, func, tm); /* metamethod is the new function to be called */ -} - - -/* -** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'. -** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for -** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters) -** separated. -*/ -static void moveresults (lua_State *L, StkId res, int nres, int wanted) { - StkId firstresult; - int i; - switch (wanted) { /* handle typical cases separately */ - case 0: /* no values needed */ - L->top = res; - return; - case 1: /* one value needed */ - if (nres == 0) /* no results? */ - setnilvalue(s2v(res)); /* adjust with nil */ - else - setobjs2s(L, res, L->top - nres); /* move it to proper place */ - L->top = res + 1; - return; - case LUA_MULTRET: - wanted = nres; /* we want all results */ - break; - default: /* multiple results (or to-be-closed variables) */ - if (hastocloseCfunc(wanted)) { /* to-be-closed variables? */ - ptrdiff_t savedres = savestack(L, res); - luaF_close(L, res, LUA_OK); /* may change the stack */ - res = restorestack(L, savedres); - wanted = codeNresults(wanted); /* correct value */ - if (wanted == LUA_MULTRET) - wanted = nres; - } - break; - } - firstresult = L->top - nres; /* index of first result */ - /* move all results to correct place */ - for (i = 0; i < nres && i < wanted; i++) - setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstresult + i); - for (; i < wanted; i++) /* complete wanted number of results */ - setnilvalue(s2v(res + i)); - L->top = res + wanted; /* top points after the last result */ -} - - -/* -** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, removes CallInfo, -** moves current number of results to proper place. -*/ -void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) { - if (L->hookmask) - L->top = rethook(L, ci, L->top - nres, nres); - L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */ - /* move results to proper place */ - moveresults(L, ci->func, nres, ci->nresults); -} - - - -#define next_ci(L) (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)) - - -/* -** Prepare a function for a tail call, building its call info on top -** of the current call info. 'narg1' is the number of arguments plus 1 -** (so that it includes the function itself). -*/ -void luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func, int narg1) { - Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p; - int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */ - int nfixparams = p->numparams; - int i; - for (i = 0; i < narg1; i++) /* move down function and arguments */ - setobjs2s(L, ci->func + i, func + i); - checkstackGC(L, fsize); - func = ci->func; /* moved-down function */ - for (; narg1 <= nfixparams; narg1++) - setnilvalue(s2v(func + narg1)); /* complete missing arguments */ - ci->top = func + 1 + fsize; /* top for new function */ - lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); - ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ - ci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL; - L->top = func + narg1; /* set top */ -} - - -/* -** Call a function (C or Lua). The function to be called is at *func. -** The arguments are on the stack, right after the function. -** When returns, all the results are on the stack, starting at the original -** function position. -*/ -void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) { - lua_CFunction f; - retry: - switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) { - case LUA_VCCL: /* C closure */ - f = clCvalue(s2v(func))->f; - goto Cfunc; - case LUA_VLCF: /* light C function */ - f = fvalue(s2v(func)); - Cfunc: { - int n; /* number of returns */ - CallInfo *ci = next_ci(L); - checkstackp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func); /* ensure minimum stack size */ - ci->nresults = nresults; - ci->callstatus = CIST_C; - ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; - ci->func = func; - L->ci = ci; - lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); - if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) { - int narg = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1; - luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1, 1, narg); - } - lua_unlock(L); - n = (*f)(L); /* do the actual call */ - lua_lock(L); - api_checknelems(L, n); - luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); - break; - } - case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua function */ - CallInfo *ci = next_ci(L); - Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p; - int narg = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1; /* number of real arguments */ - int nfixparams = p->numparams; - int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */ - checkstackp(L, fsize, func); - ci->nresults = nresults; - ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ - ci->callstatus = 0; - ci->top = func + 1 + fsize; - ci->func = func; - L->ci = ci; - for (; narg < nfixparams; narg++) - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top++)); /* complete missing arguments */ - lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last); - luaV_execute(L, ci); /* run the function */ - break; - } - default: { /* not a function */ - checkstackp(L, 1, func); /* space for metamethod */ - luaD_tryfuncTM(L, func); /* try to get '__call' metamethod */ - goto retry; /* try again with metamethod */ - } - } -} - - -/* -** Similar to 'luaD_call', but does not allow yields during the call. -** If there is a stack overflow, freeing all CI structures will -** force the subsequent call to invoke 'luaE_extendCI', which then -** will raise any errors. -*/ -void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) { - incXCcalls(L); - if (getCcalls(L) <= CSTACKERR) /* possible stack overflow? */ - luaE_freeCI(L); - luaD_call(L, func, nResults); - decXCcalls(L); -} - - -/* -** Completes the execution of an interrupted C function, calling its -** continuation function. -*/ -static void finishCcall (lua_State *L, int status) { - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - int n; - /* must have a continuation and must be able to call it */ - lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL && yieldable(L)); - /* error status can only happen in a protected call */ - lua_assert((ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) || status == LUA_YIELD); - if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) { /* was inside a pcall? */ - ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL; /* continuation is also inside it */ - L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; /* with the same error function */ - } - /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall'; CIST_YPCALL and 'errfunc' already - handled */ - adjustresults(L, ci->nresults); - lua_unlock(L); - n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation function */ - lua_lock(L); - api_checknelems(L, n); - luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */ -} - - -/* -** Executes "full continuation" (everything in the stack) of a -** previously interrupted coroutine until the stack is empty (or another -** interruption long-jumps out of the loop). If the coroutine is -** recovering from an error, 'ud' points to the error status, which must -** be passed to the first continuation function (otherwise the default -** status is LUA_YIELD). -*/ -static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - CallInfo *ci; - if (ud != NULL) /* error status? */ - finishCcall(L, *(int *)ud); /* finish 'lua_pcallk' callee */ - while ((ci = L->ci) != &L->base_ci) { /* something in the stack */ - if (!isLua(ci)) /* C function? */ - finishCcall(L, LUA_YIELD); /* complete its execution */ - else { /* Lua function */ - luaV_finishOp(L); /* finish interrupted instruction */ - luaV_execute(L, ci); /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */ - } - } -} - - -/* -** Try to find a suspended protected call (a "recover point") for the -** given thread. -*/ -static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) { - CallInfo *ci; - for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { /* search for a pcall */ - if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) - return ci; - } - return NULL; /* no pending pcall */ -} - - -/* -** Recovers from an error in a coroutine. Finds a recover point (if -** there is one) and completes the execution of the interrupted -** 'luaD_pcall'. If there is no recover point, returns zero. -*/ -static int recover (lua_State *L, int status) { - StkId oldtop; - CallInfo *ci = findpcall(L); - if (ci == NULL) return 0; /* no recovery point */ - /* "finish" luaD_pcall */ - oldtop = restorestack(L, ci->u2.funcidx); - luaF_close(L, oldtop, status); /* may change the stack */ - oldtop = restorestack(L, ci->u2.funcidx); - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop); - L->ci = ci; - L->allowhook = getoah(ci->callstatus); /* restore original 'allowhook' */ - luaD_shrinkstack(L); - L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; - return 1; /* continue running the coroutine */ -} - - -/* -** Signal an error in the call to 'lua_resume', not in the execution -** of the coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any -** coroutine error handler and should not kill the coroutine.) -*/ -static int resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int narg) { - L->top -= narg; /* remove args from the stack */ - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, msg)); /* push error message */ - api_incr_top(L); - lua_unlock(L); - return LUA_ERRRUN; -} - - -/* -** Do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode. Most of the work -** depends on the status of the coroutine: initial state, suspended -** inside a hook, or regularly suspended (optionally with a continuation -** function), plus erroneous cases: non-suspended coroutine or dead -** coroutine. -*/ -static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - int n = *(cast(int*, ud)); /* number of arguments */ - StkId firstArg = L->top - n; /* first argument */ - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - if (L->status == LUA_OK) { /* starting a coroutine? */ - luaD_call(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET); - } - else { /* resuming from previous yield */ - lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD); - L->status = LUA_OK; /* mark that it is running (again) */ - if (isLua(ci)) /* yielded inside a hook? */ - luaV_execute(L, ci); /* just continue running Lua code */ - else { /* 'common' yield */ - if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) { /* does it have a continuation function? */ - lua_unlock(L); - n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, LUA_YIELD, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */ - lua_lock(L); - api_checknelems(L, n); - } - luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */ - } - unroll(L, NULL); /* run continuation */ - } -} - -LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs, - int *nresults) { - int status; - lua_lock(L); - if (L->status == LUA_OK) { /* may be starting a coroutine */ - if (L->ci != &L->base_ci) /* not in base level? */ - return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", nargs); - else if (L->top - (L->ci->func + 1) == nargs) /* no function? */ - return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs); - } - else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD) /* ended with errors? */ - return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs); - if (from == NULL) - L->nCcalls = CSTACKTHREAD; - else /* correct 'nCcalls' for this thread */ - L->nCcalls = getCcalls(from) + from->nci - L->nci - CSTACKCF; - if (L->nCcalls <= CSTACKERR) - return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", nargs); - luai_userstateresume(L, nargs); - api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs); - status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs); - /* continue running after recoverable errors */ - while (errorstatus(status) && recover(L, status)) { - /* unroll continuation */ - status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, &status); - } - if (likely(!errorstatus(status))) - lua_assert(status == L->status); /* normal end or yield */ - else { /* unrecoverable error */ - L->status = cast_byte(status); /* mark thread as 'dead' */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->top); /* push error message */ - L->ci->top = L->top; - } - *nresults = (status == LUA_YIELD) ? L->ci->u2.nyield - : cast_int(L->top - (L->ci->func + 1)); - lua_unlock(L); - return status; -} - - -LUA_API int lua_isyieldable (lua_State *L) { - return yieldable(L); -} - - -LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx, - lua_KFunction k) { - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - luai_userstateyield(L, nresults); - lua_lock(L); - api_checknelems(L, nresults); - if (unlikely(!yieldable(L))) { - if (L != G(L)->mainthread) - luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across a C-call boundary"); - else - luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield from outside a coroutine"); - } - L->status = LUA_YIELD; - if (isLua(ci)) { /* inside a hook? */ - lua_assert(!isLuacode(ci)); - api_check(L, k == NULL, "hooks cannot continue after yielding"); - ci->u2.nyield = 0; /* no results */ - } - else { - if ((ci->u.c.k = k) != NULL) /* is there a continuation? */ - ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ - ci->u2.nyield = nresults; /* save number of results */ - luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD); - } - lua_assert(ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED); /* must be inside a hook */ - lua_unlock(L); - return 0; /* return to 'luaD_hook' */ -} - - -/* -** Call the C function 'func' in protected mode, restoring basic -** thread information ('allowhook', etc.) and in particular -** its stack level in case of errors. -*/ -int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, - ptrdiff_t old_top, ptrdiff_t ef) { - int status; - CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci; - lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook; - ptrdiff_t old_errfunc = L->errfunc; - L->errfunc = ef; - status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, func, u); - if (unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* an error occurred? */ - StkId oldtop = restorestack(L, old_top); - L->ci = old_ci; - L->allowhook = old_allowhooks; - status = luaF_close(L, oldtop, status); - oldtop = restorestack(L, old_top); /* previous call may change stack */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop); - luaD_shrinkstack(L); - } - L->errfunc = old_errfunc; - return status; -} - - - -/* -** Execute a protected parser. -*/ -struct SParser { /* data to 'f_parser' */ - ZIO *z; - Mbuffer buff; /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */ - Dyndata dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */ - const char *mode; - const char *name; -}; - - -static void checkmode (lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x) { - if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL) { - luaO_pushfstring(L, - "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is '%s')", x, mode); - luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX); - } -} - - -static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - LClosure *cl; - struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud); - int c = zgetc(p->z); /* read first character */ - if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) { - checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary"); - cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, p->name); - } - else { - checkmode(L, p->mode, "text"); - cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c); - } - lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues); - luaF_initupvals(L, cl); -} - - -int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name, - const char *mode) { - struct SParser p; - int status; - incnny(L); /* cannot yield during parsing */ - p.z = z; p.name = name; p.mode = mode; - p.dyd.actvar.arr = NULL; p.dyd.actvar.size = 0; - p.dyd.gt.arr = NULL; p.dyd.gt.size = 0; - p.dyd.label.arr = NULL; p.dyd.label.size = 0; - luaZ_initbuffer(L, &p.buff); - status = luaD_pcall(L, f_parser, &p, savestack(L, L->top), L->errfunc); - luaZ_freebuffer(L, &p.buff); - luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.actvar.arr, p.dyd.actvar.size); - luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.gt.arr, p.dyd.gt.size); - luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.label.arr, p.dyd.label.size); - decnny(L); - return status; -} - - diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.c deleted file mode 100644 index 10100e5..0000000 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,299 +0,0 @@ -/* -** $Id: lfunc.c $ -** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures -** See Copyright Notice in lua.h -*/ - -#define lfunc_c -#define LUA_CORE - -#include "lprefix.h" - - -#include - -#include "lua.h" - -#include "ldebug.h" -#include "ldo.h" -#include "lfunc.h" -#include "lgc.h" -#include "lmem.h" -#include "lobject.h" -#include "lstate.h" - - - -CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) { - GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VCCL, sizeCclosure(nupvals)); - CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o); - c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals); - return c; -} - - -LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) { - GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VLCL, sizeLclosure(nupvals)); - LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o); - c->p = NULL; - c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals); - while (nupvals--) c->upvals[nupvals] = NULL; - return c; -} - - -/* -** fill a closure with new closed upvalues -*/ -void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) { - int i; - for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) { - GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal)); - UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o); - uv->v = &uv->u.value; /* make it closed */ - setnilvalue(uv->v); - cl->upvals[i] = uv; - luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, o); - } -} - - -/* -** Create a new upvalue at the given level, and link it to the list of -** open upvalues of 'L' after entry 'prev'. -**/ -static UpVal *newupval (lua_State *L, int tbc, StkId level, UpVal **prev) { - GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal)); - UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o); - UpVal *next = *prev; - uv->v = s2v(level); /* current value lives in the stack */ - uv->tbc = tbc; - uv->u.open.next = next; /* link it to list of open upvalues */ - uv->u.open.previous = prev; - if (next) - next->u.open.previous = &uv->u.open.next; - *prev = uv; - if (!isintwups(L)) { /* thread not in list of threads with upvalues? */ - L->twups = G(L)->twups; /* link it to the list */ - G(L)->twups = L; - } - return uv; -} - - -/* -** Find and reuse, or create if it does not exist, an upvalue -** at the given level. -*/ -UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { - UpVal **pp = &L->openupval; - UpVal *p; - lua_assert(isintwups(L) || L->openupval == NULL); - while ((p = *pp) != NULL && uplevel(p) >= level) { /* search for it */ - lua_assert(!isdead(G(L), p)); - if (uplevel(p) == level) /* corresponding upvalue? */ - return p; /* return it */ - pp = &p->u.open.next; - } - /* not found: create a new upvalue after 'pp' */ - return newupval(L, 0, level, pp); -} - - -static void callclose (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - UNUSED(ud); - luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top - 3, 0); -} - - -/* -** Prepare closing method plus its arguments for object 'obj' with -** error message 'err'. (This function assumes EXTRA_STACK.) -*/ -static int prepclosingmethod (lua_State *L, TValue *obj, TValue *err) { - StkId top = L->top; - const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, obj, TM_CLOSE); - if (ttisnil(tm)) /* no metamethod? */ - return 0; /* nothing to call */ - setobj2s(L, top, tm); /* will call metamethod... */ - setobj2s(L, top + 1, obj); /* with 'self' as the 1st argument */ - setobj2s(L, top + 2, err); /* and error msg. as 2nd argument */ - L->top = top + 3; /* add function and arguments */ - return 1; -} - - -/* -** Raise an error with message 'msg', inserting the name of the -** local variable at position 'level' in the stack. -*/ -static void varerror (lua_State *L, StkId level, const char *msg) { - int idx = cast_int(level - L->ci->func); - const char *vname = luaG_findlocal(L, L->ci, idx, NULL); - if (vname == NULL) vname = "?"; - luaG_runerror(L, msg, vname); -} - - -/* -** Prepare and call a closing method. If status is OK, code is still -** inside the original protected call, and so any error will be handled -** there. Otherwise, a previous error already activated the original -** protected call, and so the call to the closing method must be -** protected here. (A status == CLOSEPROTECT behaves like a previous -** error, to also run the closing method in protected mode). -** If status is OK, the call to the closing method will be pushed -** at the top of the stack. Otherwise, values are pushed after -** the 'level' of the upvalue being closed, as everything after -** that won't be used again. -*/ -static int callclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status) { - TValue *uv = s2v(level); /* value being closed */ - if (likely(status == LUA_OK)) { - if (prepclosingmethod(L, uv, &G(L)->nilvalue)) /* something to call? */ - callclose(L, NULL); /* call closing method */ - else if (!l_isfalse(uv)) /* non-closable non-false value? */ - varerror(L, level, "attempt to close non-closable variable '%s'"); - } - else { /* must close the object in protected mode */ - ptrdiff_t oldtop; - level++; /* space for error message */ - oldtop = savestack(L, level + 1); /* top will be after that */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, level); /* set error message */ - if (prepclosingmethod(L, uv, s2v(level))) { /* something to call? */ - int newstatus = luaD_pcall(L, callclose, NULL, oldtop, 0); - if (newstatus != LUA_OK && status == CLOSEPROTECT) /* first error? */ - status = newstatus; /* this will be the new error */ - else { - if (newstatus != LUA_OK) /* suppressed error? */ - luaE_warnerror(L, "__close metamethod"); - /* leave original error (or nil) on top */ - L->top = restorestack(L, oldtop); - } - } - /* else no metamethod; ignore this case and keep original error */ - } - return status; -} - - -/* -** Try to create a to-be-closed upvalue -** (can raise a memory-allocation error) -*/ -static void trynewtbcupval (lua_State *L, void *ud) { - newupval(L, 1, cast(StkId, ud), &L->openupval); -} - - -/* -** Create a to-be-closed upvalue. If there is a memory error -** when creating the upvalue, the closing method must be called here, -** as there is no upvalue to call it later. -*/ -void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { - TValue *obj = s2v(level); - lua_assert(L->openupval == NULL || uplevel(L->openupval) < level); - if (!l_isfalse(obj)) { /* false doesn't need to be closed */ - int status; - const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, obj, TM_CLOSE); - if (ttisnil(tm)) /* no metamethod? */ - varerror(L, level, "variable '%s' got a non-closable value"); - status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, trynewtbcupval, level); - if (unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* memory error creating upvalue? */ - lua_assert(status == LUA_ERRMEM); - luaD_seterrorobj(L, LUA_ERRMEM, level + 1); /* save error message */ - /* next call must succeed, as object is closable */ - prepclosingmethod(L, s2v(level), s2v(level + 1)); - callclose(L, NULL); /* call closing method */ - luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRMEM); /* throw memory error */ - } - } -} - - -void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv) { - lua_assert(upisopen(uv)); - *uv->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.next; - if (uv->u.open.next) - uv->u.open.next->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.previous; -} - - -int luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status) { - UpVal *uv; - while ((uv = L->openupval) != NULL && uplevel(uv) >= level) { - TValue *slot = &uv->u.value; /* new position for value */ - lua_assert(uplevel(uv) < L->top); - if (uv->tbc && status != NOCLOSINGMETH) { - /* must run closing method, which may change the stack */ - ptrdiff_t levelrel = savestack(L, level); - status = callclosemth(L, uplevel(uv), status); - level = restorestack(L, levelrel); - } - luaF_unlinkupval(uv); - setobj(L, slot, uv->v); /* move value to upvalue slot */ - uv->v = slot; /* now current value lives here */ - if (!iswhite(uv)) - gray2black(uv); /* closed upvalues cannot be gray */ - luaC_barrier(L, uv, slot); - } - return status; -} - - -Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) { - GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VPROTO, sizeof(Proto)); - Proto *f = gco2p(o); - f->k = NULL; - f->sizek = 0; - f->p = NULL; - f->sizep = 0; - f->code = NULL; - f->sizecode = 0; - f->lineinfo = NULL; - f->sizelineinfo = 0; - f->abslineinfo = NULL; - f->sizeabslineinfo = 0; - f->upvalues = NULL; - f->sizeupvalues = 0; - f->numparams = 0; - f->is_vararg = 0; - f->maxstacksize = 0; - f->locvars = NULL; - f->sizelocvars = 0; - f->linedefined = 0; - f->lastlinedefined = 0; - f->source = NULL; - return f; -} - - -void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) { - luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode); - luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep); - luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek); - luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo); - luaM_freearray(L, f->abslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo); - luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars); - luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues); - luaM_free(L, f); -} - - -/* -** Look for n-th local variable at line 'line' in function 'func'. -** Returns NULL if not found. -*/ -const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *f, int local_number, int pc) { - int i; - for (i = 0; isizelocvars && f->locvars[i].startpc <= pc; i++) { - if (pc < f->locvars[i].endpc) { /* is variable active? */ - local_number--; - if (local_number == 0) - return getstr(f->locvars[i].varname); - } - } - return NULL; /* not found */ -} - diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/CMakeLists.txt b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/CMakeLists.txt similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/CMakeLists.txt rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/CMakeLists.txt diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/Makefile b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8efa2eb --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +# Makefile for installing Lua +# See doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions. + +# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT ======================= + +# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values. +PLAT= guess + +# Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories, +# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. See the local target. +# You may want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with +# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h. +INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local +INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin +INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include +INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib +INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1 +INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/share/lua/$V +INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib/lua/$V + +# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then +# you may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a. +INSTALL= install -p +INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) -m 0755 +INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -m 0644 +# +# If you don't have "install" you can use "cp" instead. +# INSTALL= cp -p +# INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) +# INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) + +# Other utilities. +MKDIR= mkdir -p +RM= rm -f + +# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ======= + +# Convenience platforms targets. +PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris + +# What to install. +TO_BIN= lua luac +TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp +TO_LIB= liblua.a +TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1 + +# Lua version and release. +V= 5.4 +R= $V.6 + +# Targets start here. +all: $(PLAT) + +$(PLATS) help test clean: + @cd src && $(MAKE) $@ + +install: dummy + cd src && $(MKDIR) $(INSTALL_BIN) $(INSTALL_INC) $(INSTALL_LIB) $(INSTALL_MAN) $(INSTALL_LMOD) $(INSTALL_CMOD) + cd src && $(INSTALL_EXEC) $(TO_BIN) $(INSTALL_BIN) + cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_INC) $(INSTALL_INC) + cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_LIB) $(INSTALL_LIB) + cd doc && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_MAN) $(INSTALL_MAN) + +uninstall: + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_BIN) && $(RM) $(TO_BIN) + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_INC) && $(RM) $(TO_INC) + cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RM) $(TO_LIB) + cd doc && cd $(INSTALL_MAN) && $(RM) $(TO_MAN) + +local: + $(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=../install + +# make may get confused with install/ if it does not support .PHONY. +dummy: + +# Echo config parameters. +echo: + @cd src && $(MAKE) -s echo + @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)" + @echo "V= $V" + @echo "R= $R" + @echo "TO_BIN= $(TO_BIN)" + @echo "TO_INC= $(TO_INC)" + @echo "TO_LIB= $(TO_LIB)" + @echo "TO_MAN= $(TO_MAN)" + @echo "INSTALL_TOP= $(INSTALL_TOP)" + @echo "INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_BIN)" + @echo "INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_INC)" + @echo "INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_LIB)" + @echo "INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_MAN)" + @echo "INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_LMOD)" + @echo "INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_CMOD)" + @echo "INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL_EXEC)" + @echo "INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL_DATA)" + +# Echo pkg-config data. +pc: + @echo "version=$R" + @echo "prefix=$(INSTALL_TOP)" + @echo "libdir=$(INSTALL_LIB)" + @echo "includedir=$(INSTALL_INC)" + +# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY). +.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean install uninstall local dummy echo pc + +# (end of Makefile) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/README b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1ae9716 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/README @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + +This is Lua 5.4.6, released on 02 May 2023. + +For installation instructions, license details, and +further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html. + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/contents.html b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/contents.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1231e6d --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/contents.html @@ -0,0 +1,678 @@ + + + +Lua 5.4 Reference Manual - contents + + + + + + + +

+Lua +Lua 5.4 Reference Manual +

+ +

+The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language. +
+For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book +Programming in Lua. + +

+start +· +contents +· +index +· +other versions +
+ +

+ +Copyright © 2020–2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Freely available under the terms of the +Lua license. + + +

Contents

+ + +

Index

+ + + + + + + +
+

Lua functions

+

+basic
+_G
+_VERSION
+assert
+collectgarbage
+dofile
+error
+getmetatable
+ipairs
+load
+loadfile
+next
+pairs
+pcall
+print
+rawequal
+rawget
+rawlen
+rawset
+require
+select
+setmetatable
+tonumber
+tostring
+type
+warn
+xpcall
+ +

+coroutine
+coroutine.close
+coroutine.create
+coroutine.isyieldable
+coroutine.resume
+coroutine.running
+coroutine.status
+coroutine.wrap
+coroutine.yield
+ +

+debug
+debug.debug
+debug.gethook
+debug.getinfo
+debug.getlocal
+debug.getmetatable
+debug.getregistry
+debug.getupvalue
+debug.getuservalue
+debug.sethook
+debug.setlocal
+debug.setmetatable
+debug.setupvalue
+debug.setuservalue
+debug.traceback
+debug.upvalueid
+debug.upvaluejoin
+ +

+io
+io.close
+io.flush
+io.input
+io.lines
+io.open
+io.output
+io.popen
+io.read
+io.stderr
+io.stdin
+io.stdout
+io.tmpfile
+io.type
+io.write
+ +file:close
+file:flush
+file:lines
+file:read
+file:seek
+file:setvbuf
+file:write
+ +

 +

 

+

+math
+math.abs
+math.acos
+math.asin
+math.atan
+math.ceil
+math.cos
+math.deg
+math.exp
+math.floor
+math.fmod
+math.huge
+math.log
+math.max
+math.maxinteger
+math.min
+math.mininteger
+math.modf
+math.pi
+math.rad
+math.random
+math.randomseed
+math.sin
+math.sqrt
+math.tan
+math.tointeger
+math.type
+math.ult
+ +

+os
+os.clock
+os.date
+os.difftime
+os.execute
+os.exit
+os.getenv
+os.remove
+os.rename
+os.setlocale
+os.time
+os.tmpname
+ +

+package
+package.config
+package.cpath
+package.loaded
+package.loadlib
+package.path
+package.preload
+package.searchers
+package.searchpath
+ +

+string
+string.byte
+string.char
+string.dump
+string.find
+string.format
+string.gmatch
+string.gsub
+string.len
+string.lower
+string.match
+string.pack
+string.packsize
+string.rep
+string.reverse
+string.sub
+string.unpack
+string.upper
+ +

+table
+table.concat
+table.insert
+table.move
+table.pack
+table.remove
+table.sort
+table.unpack
+ +

+utf8
+utf8.char
+utf8.charpattern
+utf8.codepoint
+utf8.codes
+utf8.len
+utf8.offset
+ +

metamethods

+

+__add
+__band
+__bnot
+__bor
+__bxor
+__call
+__close
+__concat
+__div
+__eq
+__gc
+__idiv
+__index
+__le
+__len
+__lt
+__metatable
+__mod
+__mode
+__mul
+__name
+__newindex
+__pairs
+__pow
+__shl
+__shr
+__sub
+__tostring
+__unm
+ +

environment
variables

+

+LUA_CPATH
+LUA_CPATH_5_4
+LUA_INIT
+LUA_INIT_5_4
+LUA_PATH
+LUA_PATH_5_4
+ +

 +

C API

+

+lua_Alloc
+lua_CFunction
+lua_Debug
+lua_Hook
+lua_Integer
+lua_KContext
+lua_KFunction
+lua_Number
+lua_Reader
+lua_State
+lua_Unsigned
+lua_WarnFunction
+lua_Writer
+ +

+lua_absindex
+lua_arith
+lua_atpanic
+lua_call
+lua_callk
+lua_checkstack
+lua_close
+lua_closeslot
+lua_compare
+lua_concat
+lua_copy
+lua_createtable
+lua_dump
+lua_error
+lua_gc
+lua_getallocf
+lua_getextraspace
+lua_getfield
+lua_getglobal
+lua_gethook
+lua_gethookcount
+lua_gethookmask
+lua_geti
+lua_getinfo
+lua_getiuservalue
+lua_getlocal
+lua_getmetatable
+lua_getstack
+lua_gettable
+lua_gettop
+lua_getupvalue
+lua_insert
+lua_isboolean
+lua_iscfunction
+lua_isfunction
+lua_isinteger
+lua_islightuserdata
+lua_isnil
+lua_isnone
+lua_isnoneornil
+lua_isnumber
+lua_isstring
+lua_istable
+lua_isthread
+lua_isuserdata
+lua_isyieldable
+lua_len
+lua_load
+lua_newstate
+lua_newtable
+lua_newthread
+lua_newuserdatauv
+lua_next
+lua_numbertointeger
+lua_pcall
+lua_pcallk
+lua_pop
+lua_pushboolean
+lua_pushcclosure
+lua_pushcfunction
+lua_pushfstring
+lua_pushglobaltable
+lua_pushinteger
+lua_pushlightuserdata
+lua_pushliteral
+lua_pushlstring
+lua_pushnil
+lua_pushnumber
+lua_pushstring
+lua_pushthread
+lua_pushvalue
+lua_pushvfstring
+lua_rawequal
+lua_rawget
+lua_rawgeti
+lua_rawgetp
+lua_rawlen
+lua_rawset
+lua_rawseti
+lua_rawsetp
+lua_register
+lua_remove
+lua_replace
+lua_resetthread
+lua_resume
+lua_rotate
+lua_setallocf
+lua_setfield
+lua_setglobal
+lua_sethook
+lua_seti
+lua_setiuservalue
+lua_setlocal
+lua_setmetatable
+lua_settable
+lua_settop
+lua_setupvalue
+lua_setwarnf
+lua_status
+lua_stringtonumber
+lua_toboolean
+lua_tocfunction
+lua_toclose
+lua_tointeger
+lua_tointegerx
+lua_tolstring
+lua_tonumber
+lua_tonumberx
+lua_topointer
+lua_tostring
+lua_tothread
+lua_touserdata
+lua_type
+lua_typename
+lua_upvalueid
+lua_upvalueindex
+lua_upvaluejoin
+lua_version
+lua_warning
+lua_xmove
+lua_yield
+lua_yieldk
+ +

 +

auxiliary library

+

+luaL_Buffer
+luaL_Reg
+luaL_Stream
+ +

+luaL_addchar
+luaL_addgsub
+luaL_addlstring
+luaL_addsize
+luaL_addstring
+luaL_addvalue
+luaL_argcheck
+luaL_argerror
+luaL_argexpected
+luaL_buffaddr
+luaL_buffinit
+luaL_buffinitsize
+luaL_bufflen
+luaL_buffsub
+luaL_callmeta
+luaL_checkany
+luaL_checkinteger
+luaL_checklstring
+luaL_checknumber
+luaL_checkoption
+luaL_checkstack
+luaL_checkstring
+luaL_checktype
+luaL_checkudata
+luaL_checkversion
+luaL_dofile
+luaL_dostring
+luaL_error
+luaL_execresult
+luaL_fileresult
+luaL_getmetafield
+luaL_getmetatable
+luaL_getsubtable
+luaL_gsub
+luaL_len
+luaL_loadbuffer
+luaL_loadbufferx
+luaL_loadfile
+luaL_loadfilex
+luaL_loadstring
+luaL_newlib
+luaL_newlibtable
+luaL_newmetatable
+luaL_newstate
+luaL_openlibs
+luaL_opt
+luaL_optinteger
+luaL_optlstring
+luaL_optnumber
+luaL_optstring
+luaL_prepbuffer
+luaL_prepbuffsize
+luaL_pushfail
+luaL_pushresult
+luaL_pushresultsize
+luaL_ref
+luaL_requiref
+luaL_setfuncs
+luaL_setmetatable
+luaL_testudata
+luaL_tolstring
+luaL_traceback
+luaL_typeerror
+luaL_typename
+luaL_unref
+luaL_where
+ +

standard library

+

+luaopen_base
+luaopen_coroutine
+luaopen_debug
+luaopen_io
+luaopen_math
+luaopen_os
+luaopen_package
+luaopen_string
+luaopen_table
+luaopen_utf8
+ +

constants

+

+LUA_ERRERR
+LUA_ERRFILE
+LUA_ERRMEM
+LUA_ERRRUN
+LUA_ERRSYNTAX
+LUA_HOOKCALL
+LUA_HOOKCOUNT
+LUA_HOOKLINE
+LUA_HOOKRET
+LUA_HOOKTAILCALL
+LUA_LOADED_TABLE
+LUA_MASKCALL
+LUA_MASKCOUNT
+LUA_MASKLINE
+LUA_MASKRET
+LUA_MAXINTEGER
+LUA_MININTEGER
+LUA_MINSTACK
+LUA_MULTRET
+LUA_NOREF
+LUA_OK
+LUA_OPADD
+LUA_OPBAND
+LUA_OPBNOT
+LUA_OPBOR
+LUA_OPBXOR
+LUA_OPDIV
+LUA_OPEQ
+LUA_OPIDIV
+LUA_OPLE
+LUA_OPLT
+LUA_OPMOD
+LUA_OPMUL
+LUA_OPPOW
+LUA_OPSHL
+LUA_OPSHR
+LUA_OPSUB
+LUA_OPUNM
+LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE
+LUA_REFNIL
+LUA_REGISTRYINDEX
+LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS
+LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD
+LUA_TBOOLEAN
+LUA_TFUNCTION
+LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA
+LUA_TNIL
+LUA_TNONE
+LUA_TNUMBER
+LUA_TSTRING
+LUA_TTABLE
+LUA_TTHREAD
+LUA_TUSERDATA
+LUA_USE_APICHECK
+LUA_YIELD
+LUAL_BUFFERSIZE
+ +

+ +

+Last update: +Sat Apr 1 17:57:05 UTC 2023 +

+ + + + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/index.css b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/index.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c961835 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/index.css @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +ul { + list-style-type: none ; +} + +ul.contents { + padding: 0 ; +} + +table { + border: none ; + border-spacing: 0 ; + border-collapse: collapse ; +} + +td { + vertical-align: top ; + padding: 0 ; + text-align: left ; + line-height: 1.25 ; + width: 15% ; +} diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/logo.gif b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/logo.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c77eac Binary files /dev/null and b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/logo.gif differ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.1 b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3f472fd --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.1 @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.14 2022/09/23 09:06:36 lhf Exp $ +.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2022/09/23 09:06:36 $" +.SH NAME +lua \- Lua interpreter +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B lua +[ +.I options +] +[ +.I script +[ +.I args +] +] +.SH DESCRIPTION +.B lua +is the standalone Lua interpreter. +It loads and executes Lua programs, +either in textual source form or +in precompiled binary form. +(Precompiled binaries are output by +.BR luac , +the Lua compiler.) +.B lua +can be used as a batch interpreter and also interactively. +.LP +After handling the +.IR options , +the Lua program in file +.I script +is loaded and executed. +The +.I args +are available to +.I script +as strings in a global table named +.B arg +and also as arguments to its main function. +When called without arguments, +.B lua +behaves as +.B "lua \-v \-i" +if the standard input is a terminal, +and as +.B "lua \-" +otherwise. +.LP +In interactive mode, +.B lua +prompts the user, +reads lines from the standard input, +and executes them as they are read. +If the line contains an expression, +then the line is evaluated and the result is printed. +If a line does not contain a complete statement, +then a secondary prompt is displayed and +lines are read until a complete statement is formed or +a syntax error is found. +.LP +Before handling command line options and scripts, +.B lua +checks the contents of the environment variables +.B LUA_INIT_5_4 +and +.BR LUA_INIT , +in that order. +If the contents are of the form +.RI '@ filename ', +then +.I filename +is executed. +Otherwise, the contents are assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed. +When +.B LUA_INIT_5_4 +is defined, +.B LUA_INIT +is ignored. +.SH OPTIONS +.TP +.BI \-e " stat" +execute statement +.IR stat . +.TP +.B \-i +enter interactive mode after executing +.IR script . +.TP +.BI \-l " mod" +require library +.I mod +into global +.IR mod . +.TP +.BI \-l " g=mod" +require library +.I mod +into global +.IR g . +.TP +.B \-v +show version information. +.TP +.B \-E +ignore environment variables. +.TP +.B \-W +turn warnings on. +.TP +.B \-\- +stop handling options. +.TP +.B \- +stop handling options and execute the standard input as a file. +.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +The following environment variables affect the execution of +.BR lua . +When defined, +the version-specific variants take priority +and the version-neutral variants are ignored. +.TP +.B LUA_INIT, LUA_INIT_5_4 +Code to be executed before command line options and scripts. +.TP +.B LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_5_4 +Initial value of package.cpath, +the path used by require to search for Lua loaders. +.TP +.B LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_5_4 +Initial value of package.cpath, +the path used by require to search for C loaders. +.SH EXIT STATUS +If a script calls os.exit, +then +.B lua +exits with the given exit status. +Otherwise, +.B lua +exits +with EXIT_SUCCESS (0 on POSIX systems) if there were no errors +and +with EXIT_FAILURE (1 on POSIX systems) if there were errors. +Errors raised in interactive mode do not cause exits. +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +Error messages should be self explanatory. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.BR luac (1) +.br +The documentation at lua.org, +especially section 7 of the reference manual. +.SH AUTHORS +R. Ierusalimschy, +L. H. de Figueiredo, +W. Celes +.\" EOF diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.css b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cbd0799 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/lua.css @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +html { + background-color: #F8F8F8 ; +} + +body { + background-color: #FFFFFF ; + color: #000000 ; + font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif ; + text-align: justify ; + line-height: 1.25 ; + margin: 16px auto ; + padding: 32px ; + border: solid #ccc 1px ; + border-radius: 20px ; + max-width: 70em ; + width: 90% ; +} + +h1, h2, h3, h4 { + color: #000080 ; + font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif ; + font-weight: normal ; + font-style: normal ; + text-align: left ; +} + +h1 { + font-size: 28pt ; +} + +h1 img { + vertical-align: text-bottom ; +} + +h2:before { + content: "\2756" ; + padding-right: 0.5em ; +} + +a { + text-decoration: none ; +} + +a:link { + color: #000080 ; +} + +a:link:hover, a:visited:hover { + background-color: #D0D0FF ; + color: #000080 ; + border-radius: 4px ; +} + +a:link:active, a:visited:active { + color: #FF0000 ; +} + +div.menubar { + padding-bottom: 0.5em ; +} + +p.menubar { + margin-left: 2.5em ; +} + +.menubar a:hover { + margin: -3px -3px -3px -3px ; + padding: 3px 3px 3px 3px ; + border-radius: 4px ; +} + +:target { + background-color: #F0F0F0 ; + margin: -8px ; + padding: 8px ; + border-radius: 8px ; + outline: none ; +} + +hr { + display: none ; +} + +table hr { + background-color: #a0a0a0 ; + color: #a0a0a0 ; + border: 0 ; + height: 1px ; + display: block ; +} + +.footer { + color: gray ; + font-size: x-small ; + text-transform: lowercase ; +} + +input[type=text] { + border: solid #a0a0a0 2px ; + border-radius: 2em ; + background-image: url('images/search.png') ; + background-repeat: no-repeat ; + background-position: 4px center ; + padding-left: 20px ; + height: 2em ; +} + +pre.session { + background-color: #F8F8F8 ; + padding: 1em ; + border-radius: 8px ; +} + +table { + border: none ; + border-spacing: 0 ; + border-collapse: collapse ; +} + +td { + padding: 0 ; + margin: 0 ; +} + +td.gutter { + width: 4% ; +} + +table.columns td { + vertical-align: top ; + padding-bottom: 1em ; + text-align: justify ; + line-height: 1.25 ; +} + +table.book td { + vertical-align: top ; +} + +table.book td.cover { + padding-right: 1em ; +} + +table.book img { + border: solid #000080 1px ; +} + +table.book span { + font-size: small ; + text-align: left ; + display: block ; + margin-top: 0.25em ; +} + +p.logos a:link:hover, p.logos a:visited:hover { + background-color: inherit ; +} + +img { + background-color: white ; +} diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/luac.1 b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/luac.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..33a4ed0 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/luac.1 @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.29 2011/11/16 13:53:40 lhf Exp $ +.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 13:53:40 $" +.SH NAME +luac \- Lua compiler +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B luac +[ +.I options +] [ +.I filenames +] +.SH DESCRIPTION +.B luac +is the Lua compiler. +It translates programs written in the Lua programming language +into binary files containing precompiled chunks +that can be later loaded and executed. +.LP +The main advantages of precompiling chunks are: +faster loading, +protecting source code from accidental user changes, +and +off-line syntax checking. +Precompiling does not imply faster execution +because in Lua chunks are always compiled into bytecodes before being executed. +.B luac +simply allows those bytecodes to be saved in a file for later execution. +Precompiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source. +The main goal in precompiling is faster loading. +.LP +In the command line, +you can mix +text files containing Lua source and +binary files containing precompiled chunks. +.B luac +produces a single output file containing the combined bytecodes +for all files given. +Executing the combined file is equivalent to executing the given files. +By default, +the output file is named +.BR luac.out , +but you can change this with the +.B \-o +option. +.LP +Precompiled chunks are +.I not +portable across different architectures. +Moreover, +the internal format of precompiled chunks +is likely to change when a new version of Lua is released. +Make sure you save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile. +.LP +.SH OPTIONS +.TP +.B \-l +produce a listing of the compiled bytecode for Lua's virtual machine. +Listing bytecodes is useful to learn about Lua's virtual machine. +If no files are given, then +.B luac +loads +.B luac.out +and lists its contents. +Use +.B \-l \-l +for a full listing. +.TP +.BI \-o " file" +output to +.IR file , +instead of the default +.BR luac.out . +(You can use +.B "'\-'" +for standard output, +but not on platforms that open standard output in text mode.) +The output file may be one of the given files because +all files are loaded before the output file is written. +Be careful not to overwrite precious files. +.TP +.B \-p +load files but do not generate any output file. +Used mainly for syntax checking and for testing precompiled chunks: +corrupted files will probably generate errors when loaded. +If no files are given, then +.B luac +loads +.B luac.out +and tests its contents. +No messages are displayed if the file loads without errors. +.TP +.B \-s +strip debug information before writing the output file. +This saves some space in very large chunks, +but if errors occur when running a stripped chunk, +then the error messages may not contain the full information they usually do. +In particular, +line numbers and names of local variables are lost. +.TP +.B \-v +show version information. +.TP +.B \-\- +stop handling options. +.TP +.B \- +stop handling options and process standard input. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.BR lua (1) +.br +The documentation at lua.org. +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +Error messages should be self explanatory. +.SH AUTHORS +R. Ierusalimschy, +L. H. de Figueiredo, +W. Celes +.\" EOF diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.css b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aa0e677 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.css @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +h3 code { + font-family: inherit ; + font-size: inherit ; +} + +pre, code { + font-size: 12pt ; +} + +span.apii { + color: gray ; + float: right ; + font-family: inherit ; + font-style: normal ; + font-size: small ; +} + +h2:before { + content: "" ; + padding-right: 0em ; +} diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.html b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0af688b --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/manual.html @@ -0,0 +1,12046 @@ + + + +Lua 5.4 Reference Manual + + + + + + + +

+Lua +Lua 5.4 Reference Manual +

+ +

+by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, Waldemar Celes + +

+ +Copyright © 2020–2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Freely available under the terms of the +Lua license. + + +

+contents +· +index +· +other versions +
+ + +

+ + + + + + +

1 – Introduction

+ +

+Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language. +It supports procedural programming, +object-oriented programming, functional programming, +data-driven programming, and data description. + + +

+Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description +constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics. +Lua is dynamically typed, +runs by interpreting bytecode with a register-based +virtual machine, +and has automatic memory management with +a generational garbage collection, +making it ideal for configuration, scripting, +and rapid prototyping. + + +

+Lua is implemented as a library, written in clean C, +the common subset of standard C and C++. +The Lua distribution includes a host program called lua, +which uses the Lua library to offer a complete, +standalone Lua interpreter, +for interactive or batch use. +Lua is intended to be used both as a powerful, lightweight, +embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one, +and as a powerful but lightweight and efficient stand-alone language. + + +

+As an extension language, Lua has no notion of a "main" program: +it works embedded in a host client, +called the embedding program or simply the host. +(Frequently, this host is the stand-alone lua program.) +The host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code, +can write and read Lua variables, +and can register C functions to be called by Lua code. +Through the use of C functions, Lua can be augmented to cope with +a wide range of different domains, +thus creating customized programming languages sharing a syntactical framework. + + +

+Lua is free software, +and is provided as usual with no guarantees, +as stated in its license. +The implementation described in this manual is available +at Lua's official web site, www.lua.org. + + +

+Like any other reference manual, +this document is dry in places. +For a discussion of the decisions behind the design of Lua, +see the technical papers available at Lua's web site. +For a detailed introduction to programming in Lua, +see Roberto's book, Programming in Lua. + + + +

2 – Basic Concepts

+ + + +

+This section describes the basic concepts of the language. + + + + + +

2.1 – Values and Types

+ +

+Lua is a dynamically typed language. +This means that +variables do not have types; only values do. +There are no type definitions in the language. +All values carry their own type. + + +

+All values in Lua are first-class values. +This means that all values can be stored in variables, +passed as arguments to other functions, and returned as results. + + +

+There are eight basic types in Lua: +nil, boolean, number, +string, function, userdata, +thread, and table. +The type nil has one single value, nil, +whose main property is to be different from any other value; +it often represents the absence of a useful value. +The type boolean has two values, false and true. +Both nil and false make a condition false; +they are collectively called false values. +Any other value makes a condition true. +Despite its name, +false is frequently used as an alternative to nil, +with the key difference that false behaves +like a regular value in a table, +while a nil in a table represents an absent key. + + +

+The type number represents both +integer numbers and real (floating-point) numbers, +using two subtypes: integer and float. +Standard Lua uses 64-bit integers and double-precision (64-bit) floats, +but you can also compile Lua so that it +uses 32-bit integers and/or single-precision (32-bit) floats. +The option with 32 bits for both integers and floats +is particularly attractive +for small machines and embedded systems. +(See macro LUA_32BITS in file luaconf.h.) + + +

+Unless stated otherwise, +any overflow when manipulating integer values wrap around, +according to the usual rules of two-complement arithmetic. +(In other words, +the actual result is the unique representable integer +that is equal modulo 2n to the mathematical result, +where n is the number of bits of the integer type.) + + +

+Lua has explicit rules about when each subtype is used, +but it also converts between them automatically as needed (see §3.4.3). +Therefore, +the programmer may choose to mostly ignore the difference +between integers and floats +or to assume complete control over the representation of each number. + + +

+The type string represents immutable sequences of bytes. + +Lua is 8-bit clean: +strings can contain any 8-bit value, +including embedded zeros ('\0'). +Lua is also encoding-agnostic; +it makes no assumptions about the contents of a string. +The length of any string in Lua must fit in a Lua integer. + + +

+Lua can call (and manipulate) functions written in Lua and +functions written in C (see §3.4.10). +Both are represented by the type function. + + +

+The type userdata is provided to allow arbitrary C data to +be stored in Lua variables. +A userdata value represents a block of raw memory. +There are two kinds of userdata: +full userdata, +which is an object with a block of memory managed by Lua, +and light userdata, +which is simply a C pointer value. +Userdata has no predefined operations in Lua, +except assignment and identity test. +By using metatables, +the programmer can define operations for full userdata values +(see §2.4). +Userdata values cannot be created or modified in Lua, +only through the C API. +This guarantees the integrity of data owned by +the host program and C libraries. + + +

+The type thread represents independent threads of execution +and it is used to implement coroutines (see §2.6). +Lua threads are not related to operating-system threads. +Lua supports coroutines on all systems, +even those that do not support threads natively. + + +

+The type table implements associative arrays, +that is, arrays that can have as indices not only numbers, +but any Lua value except nil and NaN. +(Not a Number is a special floating-point value +used by the IEEE 754 standard to represent +undefined numerical results, such as 0/0.) +Tables can be heterogeneous; +that is, they can contain values of all types (except nil). +Any key associated to the value nil is not considered part of the table. +Conversely, any key that is not part of a table has +an associated value nil. + + +

+Tables are the sole data-structuring mechanism in Lua; +they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, lists, +symbol tables, sets, records, graphs, trees, etc. +To represent records, Lua uses the field name as an index. +The language supports this representation by +providing a.name as syntactic sugar for a["name"]. +There are several convenient ways to create tables in Lua +(see §3.4.9). + + +

+Like indices, +the values of table fields can be of any type. +In particular, +because functions are first-class values, +table fields can contain functions. +Thus tables can also carry methods (see §3.4.11). + + +

+The indexing of tables follows +the definition of raw equality in the language. +The expressions a[i] and a[j] +denote the same table element +if and only if i and j are raw equal +(that is, equal without metamethods). +In particular, floats with integral values +are equal to their respective integers +(e.g., 1.0 == 1). +To avoid ambiguities, +any float used as a key that is equal to an integer +is converted to that integer. +For instance, if you write a[2.0] = true, +the actual key inserted into the table will be the integer 2. + + +

+Tables, functions, threads, and (full) userdata values are objects: +variables do not actually contain these values, +only references to them. +Assignment, parameter passing, and function returns +always manipulate references to such values; +these operations do not imply any kind of copy. + + +

+The library function type returns a string describing the type +of a given value (see type). + + + + + +

2.2 – Environments and the Global Environment

+ +

+As we will discuss further in §3.2 and §3.3.3, +any reference to a free name +(that is, a name not bound to any declaration) var +is syntactically translated to _ENV.var. +Moreover, every chunk is compiled in the scope of +an external local variable named _ENV (see §3.3.2), +so _ENV itself is never a free name in a chunk. + + +

+Despite the existence of this external _ENV variable and +the translation of free names, +_ENV is a completely regular name. +In particular, +you can define new variables and parameters with that name. +Each reference to a free name uses the _ENV that is +visible at that point in the program, +following the usual visibility rules of Lua (see §3.5). + + +

+Any table used as the value of _ENV is called an environment. + + +

+Lua keeps a distinguished environment called the global environment. +This value is kept at a special index in the C registry (see §4.3). +In Lua, the global variable _G is initialized with this same value. +(_G is never used internally, +so changing its value will affect only your own code.) + + +

+When Lua loads a chunk, +the default value for its _ENV variable +is the global environment (see load). +Therefore, by default, +free names in Lua code refer to entries in the global environment +and, therefore, they are also called global variables. +Moreover, all standard libraries are loaded in the global environment +and some functions there operate on that environment. +You can use load (or loadfile) +to load a chunk with a different environment. +(In C, you have to load the chunk and then change the value +of its first upvalue; see lua_setupvalue.) + + + + + +

2.3 – Error Handling

+ +

+Several operations in Lua can raise an error. +An error interrupts the normal flow of the program, +which can continue by catching the error. + + +

+Lua code can explicitly raise an error by calling the +error function. +(This function never returns.) + + +

+To catch errors in Lua, +you can do a protected call, +using pcall (or xpcall). +The function pcall calls a given function in protected mode. +Any error while running the function stops its execution, +and control returns immediately to pcall, +which returns a status code. + + +

+Because Lua is an embedded extension language, +Lua code starts running by a call +from C code in the host program. +(When you use Lua standalone, +the lua application is the host program.) +Usually, this call is protected; +so, when an otherwise unprotected error occurs during +the compilation or execution of a Lua chunk, +control returns to the host, +which can take appropriate measures, +such as printing an error message. + + +

+Whenever there is an error, +an error object +is propagated with information about the error. +Lua itself only generates errors whose error object is a string, +but programs may generate errors with +any value as the error object. +It is up to the Lua program or its host to handle such error objects. +For historical reasons, +an error object is often called an error message, +even though it does not have to be a string. + + +

+When you use xpcall (or lua_pcall, in C) +you may give a message handler +to be called in case of errors. +This function is called with the original error object +and returns a new error object. +It is called before the error unwinds the stack, +so that it can gather more information about the error, +for instance by inspecting the stack and creating a stack traceback. +This message handler is still protected by the protected call; +so, an error inside the message handler +will call the message handler again. +If this loop goes on for too long, +Lua breaks it and returns an appropriate message. +The message handler is called only for regular runtime errors. +It is not called for memory-allocation errors +nor for errors while running finalizers or other message handlers. + + +

+Lua also offers a system of warnings (see warn). +Unlike errors, warnings do not interfere +in any way with program execution. +They typically only generate a message to the user, +although this behavior can be adapted from C (see lua_setwarnf). + + + + + +

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

+ +

+Every value in Lua can have a metatable. +This metatable is an ordinary Lua table +that defines the behavior of the original value +under certain events. +You can change several aspects of the behavior +of a value by setting specific fields in its metatable. +For instance, when a non-numeric value is the operand of an addition, +Lua checks for a function in the field __add of the value's metatable. +If it finds one, +Lua calls this function to perform the addition. + + +

+The key for each event in a metatable is a string +with the event name prefixed by two underscores; +the corresponding value is called a metavalue. +For most events, the metavalue must be a function, +which is then called a metamethod. +In the previous example, the key is the string "__add" +and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition. +Unless stated otherwise, +a metamethod may in fact be any callable value, +which is either a function or a value with a __call metamethod. + + +

+You can query the metatable of any value +using the getmetatable function. +Lua queries metamethods in metatables using a raw access (see rawget). + + +

+You can replace the metatable of tables +using the setmetatable function. +You cannot change the metatable of other types from Lua code, +except by using the debug library (§6.10). + + +

+Tables and full userdata have individual metatables, +although multiple tables and userdata can share their metatables. +Values of all other types share one single metatable per type; +that is, there is one single metatable for all numbers, +one for all strings, etc. +By default, a value has no metatable, +but the string library sets a metatable for the string type (see §6.4). + + +

+A detailed list of operations controlled by metatables is given next. +Each event is identified by its corresponding key. +By convention, all metatable keys used by Lua are composed by +two underscores followed by lowercase Latin letters. + + + +

    + +
  • __add: +the addition (+) operation. +If any operand for an addition is not a number, +Lua will try to call a metamethod. +It starts by checking the first operand (even if it is a number); +if that operand does not define a metamethod for __add, +then Lua will check the second operand. +If Lua can find a metamethod, +it calls the metamethod with the two operands as arguments, +and the result of the call +(adjusted to one value) +is the result of the operation. +Otherwise, if no metamethod is found, +Lua raises an error. +
    • + +
  • __sub: +the subtraction (-) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __mul: +the multiplication (*) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __div: +the division (/) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __mod: +the modulo (%) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __pow: +the exponentiation (^) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __unm: +the negation (unary -) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __idiv: +the floor division (//) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation. +
    • + +
  • __band: +the bitwise AND (&) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation, +except that Lua will try a metamethod +if any operand is neither an integer +nor a float coercible to an integer (see §3.4.3). +
    • + +
  • __bor: +the bitwise OR (|) operation. +Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation. +
    • + +
  • __bxor: +the bitwise exclusive OR (binary ~) operation. +Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation. +
    • + +
  • __bnot: +the bitwise NOT (unary ~) operation. +Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation. +
    • + +
  • __shl: +the bitwise left shift (<<) operation. +Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation. +
    • + +
  • __shr: +the bitwise right shift (>>) operation. +Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation. +
    • + +
  • __concat: +the concatenation (..) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation, +except that Lua will try a metamethod +if any operand is neither a string nor a number +(which is always coercible to a string). +
    • + +
  • __len: +the length (#) operation. +If the object is not a string, +Lua will try its metamethod. +If there is a metamethod, +Lua calls it with the object as argument, +and the result of the call +(always adjusted to one value) +is the result of the operation. +If there is no metamethod but the object is a table, +then Lua uses the table length operation (see §3.4.7). +Otherwise, Lua raises an error. +
    • + +
  • __eq: +the equal (==) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation, +except that Lua will try a metamethod only when the values +being compared are either both tables or both full userdata +and they are not primitively equal. +The result of the call is always converted to a boolean. +
    • + +
  • __lt: +the less than (<) operation. +Behavior similar to the addition operation, +except that Lua will try a metamethod only when the values +being compared are neither both numbers nor both strings. +Moreover, the result of the call is always converted to a boolean. +
    • + +
  • __le: +the less equal (<=) operation. +Behavior similar to the less than operation. +
    • + +
  • __index: +The indexing access operation table[key]. +This event happens when table is not a table or +when key is not present in table. +The metavalue is looked up in the metatable of table. + + +

    +The metavalue for this event can be either a function, a table, +or any value with an __index metavalue. +If it is a function, +it is called with table and key as arguments, +and the result of the call +(adjusted to one value) +is the result of the operation. +Otherwise, +the final result is the result of indexing this metavalue with key. +This indexing is regular, not raw, +and therefore can trigger another __index metavalue. +

    • + +
  • __newindex: +The indexing assignment table[key] = value. +Like the index event, +this event happens when table is not a table or +when key is not present in table. +The metavalue is looked up in the metatable of table. + + +

    +Like with indexing, +the metavalue for this event can be either a function, a table, +or any value with an __newindex metavalue. +If it is a function, +it is called with table, key, and value as arguments. +Otherwise, +Lua repeats the indexing assignment over this metavalue +with the same key and value. +This assignment is regular, not raw, +and therefore can trigger another __newindex metavalue. + + +

    +Whenever a __newindex metavalue is invoked, +Lua does not perform the primitive assignment. +If needed, +the metamethod itself can call rawset +to do the assignment. +

    • + +
  • __call: +The call operation func(args). +This event happens when Lua tries to call a non-function value +(that is, func is not a function). +The metamethod is looked up in func. +If present, +the metamethod is called with func as its first argument, +followed by the arguments of the original call (args). +All results of the call +are the results of the operation. +This is the only metamethod that allows multiple results. +
    • + +
+ +

+In addition to the previous list, +the interpreter also respects the following keys in metatables: +__gc (see §2.5.3), +__close (see §3.3.8), +__mode (see §2.5.4), +and __name. +(The entry __name, +when it contains a string, +may be used by tostring and in error messages.) + + +

+For the unary operators (negation, length, and bitwise NOT), +the metamethod is computed and called with a dummy second operand, +equal to the first one. +This extra operand is only to simplify Lua's internals +(by making these operators behave like a binary operation) +and may be removed in future versions. +For most uses this extra operand is irrelevant. + + +

+Because metatables are regular tables, +they can contain arbitrary fields, +not only the event names defined above. +Some functions in the standard library +(e.g., tostring) +use other fields in metatables for their own purposes. + + +

+It is a good practice to add all needed metamethods to a table +before setting it as a metatable of some object. +In particular, the __gc metamethod works only when this order +is followed (see §2.5.3). +It is also a good practice to set the metatable of an object +right after its creation. + + + + + +

2.5 – Garbage Collection

+ + + +

+Lua performs automatic memory management. +This means that +you do not have to worry about allocating memory for new objects +or freeing it when the objects are no longer needed. +Lua manages memory automatically by running +a garbage collector to collect all dead objects. +All memory used by Lua is subject to automatic management: +strings, tables, userdata, functions, threads, internal structures, etc. + + +

+An object is considered dead +as soon as the collector can be sure the object +will not be accessed again in the normal execution of the program. +("Normal execution" here excludes finalizers, +which can resurrect dead objects (see §2.5.3), +and excludes also operations using the debug library.) +Note that the time when the collector can be sure that an object +is dead may not coincide with the programmer's expectations. +The only guarantees are that Lua will not collect an object +that may still be accessed in the normal execution of the program, +and it will eventually collect an object +that is inaccessible from Lua. +(Here, +inaccessible from Lua means that neither a variable nor +another live object refer to the object.) +Because Lua has no knowledge about C code, +it never collects objects accessible through the registry (see §4.3), +which includes the global environment (see §2.2). + + +

+The garbage collector (GC) in Lua can work in two modes: +incremental and generational. + + +

+The default GC mode with the default parameters +are adequate for most uses. +However, programs that waste a large proportion of their time +allocating and freeing memory can benefit from other settings. +Keep in mind that the GC behavior is non-portable +both across platforms and across different Lua releases; +therefore, optimal settings are also non-portable. + + +

+You can change the GC mode and parameters by calling +lua_gc in C +or collectgarbage in Lua. +You can also use these functions to control +the collector directly (e.g., to stop and restart it). + + + + + +

2.5.1 – Incremental Garbage Collection

+ +

+In incremental mode, +each GC cycle performs a mark-and-sweep collection in small steps +interleaved with the program's execution. +In this mode, +the collector uses three numbers to control its garbage-collection cycles: +the garbage-collector pause, +the garbage-collector step multiplier, +and the garbage-collector step size. + + +

+The garbage-collector pause +controls how long the collector waits before starting a new cycle. +The collector starts a new cycle when the use of memory +hits n% of the use after the previous collection. +Larger values make the collector less aggressive. +Values equal to or less than 100 mean the collector will not wait to +start a new cycle. +A value of 200 means that the collector waits for the total memory in use +to double before starting a new cycle. +The default value is 200; the maximum value is 1000. + + +

+The garbage-collector step multiplier +controls the speed of the collector relative to +memory allocation, +that is, +how many elements it marks or sweeps for each +kilobyte of memory allocated. +Larger values make the collector more aggressive but also increase +the size of each incremental step. +You should not use values less than 100, +because they make the collector too slow and +can result in the collector never finishing a cycle. +The default value is 100; the maximum value is 1000. + + +

+The garbage-collector step size controls the +size of each incremental step, +specifically how many bytes the interpreter allocates +before performing a step. +This parameter is logarithmic: +A value of n means the interpreter will allocate 2n +bytes between steps and perform equivalent work during the step. +A large value (e.g., 60) makes the collector a stop-the-world +(non-incremental) collector. +The default value is 13, +which means steps of approximately 8 Kbytes. + + + + + +

2.5.2 – Generational Garbage Collection

+ +

+In generational mode, +the collector does frequent minor collections, +which traverses only objects recently created. +If after a minor collection the use of memory is still above a limit, +the collector does a stop-the-world major collection, +which traverses all objects. +The generational mode uses two parameters: +the minor multiplier and the the major multiplier. + + +

+The minor multiplier controls the frequency of minor collections. +For a minor multiplier x, +a new minor collection will be done when memory +grows x% larger than the memory in use after the previous major +collection. +For instance, for a multiplier of 20, +the collector will do a minor collection when the use of memory +gets 20% larger than the use after the previous major collection. +The default value is 20; the maximum value is 200. + + +

+The major multiplier controls the frequency of major collections. +For a major multiplier x, +a new major collection will be done when memory +grows x% larger than the memory in use after the previous major +collection. +For instance, for a multiplier of 100, +the collector will do a major collection when the use of memory +gets larger than twice the use after the previous collection. +The default value is 100; the maximum value is 1000. + + + + + +

2.5.3 – Garbage-Collection Metamethods

+ +

+You can set garbage-collector metamethods for tables +and, using the C API, +for full userdata (see §2.4). +These metamethods, called finalizers, +are called when the garbage collector detects that the +corresponding table or userdata is dead. +Finalizers allow you to coordinate Lua's garbage collection +with external resource management such as closing files, +network or database connections, +or freeing your own memory. + + +

+For an object (table or userdata) to be finalized when collected, +you must mark it for finalization. + +You mark an object for finalization when you set its metatable +and the metatable has a __gc metamethod. +Note that if you set a metatable without a __gc field +and later create that field in the metatable, +the object will not be marked for finalization. + + +

+When a marked object becomes dead, +it is not collected immediately by the garbage collector. +Instead, Lua puts it in a list. +After the collection, +Lua goes through that list. +For each object in the list, +it checks the object's __gc metamethod: +If it is present, +Lua calls it with the object as its single argument. + + +

+At the end of each garbage-collection cycle, +the finalizers are called in +the reverse order that the objects were marked for finalization, +among those collected in that cycle; +that is, the first finalizer to be called is the one associated +with the object marked last in the program. +The execution of each finalizer may occur at any point during +the execution of the regular code. + + +

+Because the object being collected must still be used by the finalizer, +that object (and other objects accessible only through it) +must be resurrected by Lua. +Usually, this resurrection is transient, +and the object memory is freed in the next garbage-collection cycle. +However, if the finalizer stores the object in some global place +(e.g., a global variable), +then the resurrection is permanent. +Moreover, if the finalizer marks a finalizing object for finalization again, +its finalizer will be called again in the next cycle where the +object is dead. +In any case, +the object memory is freed only in a GC cycle where +the object is dead and not marked for finalization. + + +

+When you close a state (see lua_close), +Lua calls the finalizers of all objects marked for finalization, +following the reverse order that they were marked. +If any finalizer marks objects for collection during that phase, +these marks have no effect. + + +

+Finalizers cannot yield nor run the garbage collector. +Because they can run in unpredictable times, +it is good practice to restrict each finalizer +to the minimum necessary to properly release +its associated resource. + + +

+Any error while running a finalizer generates a warning; +the error is not propagated. + + + + + +

2.5.4 – Weak Tables

+ +

+A weak table is a table whose elements are +weak references. +A weak reference is ignored by the garbage collector. +In other words, +if the only references to an object are weak references, +then the garbage collector will collect that object. + + +

+A weak table can have weak keys, weak values, or both. +A table with weak values allows the collection of its values, +but prevents the collection of its keys. +A table with both weak keys and weak values allows the collection of +both keys and values. +In any case, if either the key or the value is collected, +the whole pair is removed from the table. +The weakness of a table is controlled by the +__mode field of its metatable. +This metavalue, if present, must be one of the following strings: +"k", for a table with weak keys; +"v", for a table with weak values; +or "kv", for a table with both weak keys and values. + + +

+A table with weak keys and strong values +is also called an ephemeron table. +In an ephemeron table, +a value is considered reachable only if its key is reachable. +In particular, +if the only reference to a key comes through its value, +the pair is removed. + + +

+Any change in the weakness of a table may take effect only +at the next collect cycle. +In particular, if you change the weakness to a stronger mode, +Lua may still collect some items from that table +before the change takes effect. + + +

+Only objects that have an explicit construction +are removed from weak tables. +Values, such as numbers and light C functions, +are not subject to garbage collection, +and therefore are not removed from weak tables +(unless their associated values are collected). +Although strings are subject to garbage collection, +they do not have an explicit construction and +their equality is by value; +they behave more like values than like objects. +Therefore, they are not removed from weak tables. + + +

+Resurrected objects +(that is, objects being finalized +and objects accessible only through objects being finalized) +have a special behavior in weak tables. +They are removed from weak values before running their finalizers, +but are removed from weak keys only in the next collection +after running their finalizers, when such objects are actually freed. +This behavior allows the finalizer to access properties +associated with the object through weak tables. + + +

+If a weak table is among the resurrected objects in a collection cycle, +it may not be properly cleared until the next cycle. + + + + + + + +

2.6 – Coroutines

+ +

+Lua supports coroutines, +also called collaborative multithreading. +A coroutine in Lua represents an independent thread of execution. +Unlike threads in multithread systems, however, +a coroutine only suspends its execution by explicitly calling +a yield function. + + +

+You create a coroutine by calling coroutine.create. +Its sole argument is a function +that is the main function of the coroutine. +The create function only creates a new coroutine and +returns a handle to it (an object of type thread); +it does not start the coroutine. + + +

+You execute a coroutine by calling coroutine.resume. +When you first call coroutine.resume, +passing as its first argument +a thread returned by coroutine.create, +the coroutine starts its execution by +calling its main function. +Extra arguments passed to coroutine.resume are passed +as arguments to that function. +After the coroutine starts running, +it runs until it terminates or yields. + + +

+A coroutine can terminate its execution in two ways: +normally, when its main function returns +(explicitly or implicitly, after the last instruction); +and abnormally, if there is an unprotected error. +In case of normal termination, +coroutine.resume returns true, +plus any values returned by the coroutine main function. +In case of errors, coroutine.resume returns false +plus the error object. +In this case, the coroutine does not unwind its stack, +so that it is possible to inspect it after the error +with the debug API. + + +

+A coroutine yields by calling coroutine.yield. +When a coroutine yields, +the corresponding coroutine.resume returns immediately, +even if the yield happens inside nested function calls +(that is, not in the main function, +but in a function directly or indirectly called by the main function). +In the case of a yield, coroutine.resume also returns true, +plus any values passed to coroutine.yield. +The next time you resume the same coroutine, +it continues its execution from the point where it yielded, +with the call to coroutine.yield returning any extra +arguments passed to coroutine.resume. + + +

+Like coroutine.create, +the coroutine.wrap function also creates a coroutine, +but instead of returning the coroutine itself, +it returns a function that, when called, resumes the coroutine. +Any arguments passed to this function +go as extra arguments to coroutine.resume. +coroutine.wrap returns all the values returned by coroutine.resume, +except the first one (the boolean error code). +Unlike coroutine.resume, +the function created by coroutine.wrap +propagates any error to the caller. +In this case, +the function also closes the coroutine (see coroutine.close). + + +

+As an example of how coroutines work, +consider the following code: + +

+     function foo (a)
+       print("foo", a)
+       return coroutine.yield(2*a)
+     end
+     
+     co = coroutine.create(function (a,b)
+           print("co-body", a, b)
+           local r = foo(a+1)
+           print("co-body", r)
+           local r, s = coroutine.yield(a+b, a-b)
+           print("co-body", r, s)
+           return b, "end"
+     end)
+     
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 1, 10))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "r"))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+     print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+

+When you run it, it produces the following output: + +

+     co-body 1       10
+     foo     2
+     main    true    4
+     co-body r
+     main    true    11      -9
+     co-body x       y
+     main    true    10      end
+     main    false   cannot resume dead coroutine
+
+ +

+You can also create and manipulate coroutines through the C API: +see functions lua_newthread, lua_resume, +and lua_yield. + + + + + +

3 – The Language

+ + + +

+This section describes the lexis, the syntax, and the semantics of Lua. +In other words, +this section describes +which tokens are valid, +how they can be combined, +and what their combinations mean. + + +

+Language constructs will be explained using the usual extended BNF notation, +in which +{a} means 0 or more a's, and +[a] means an optional a. +Non-terminals are shown like non-terminal, +keywords are shown like kword, +and other terminal symbols are shown like ‘=’. +The complete syntax of Lua can be found in §9 +at the end of this manual. + + + + + +

3.1 – Lexical Conventions

+ +

+Lua is a free-form language. +It ignores spaces and comments between lexical elements (tokens), +except as delimiters between two tokens. +In source code, +Lua recognizes as spaces the standard ASCII whitespace +characters space, form feed, newline, +carriage return, horizontal tab, and vertical tab. + + +

+Names +(also called identifiers) +in Lua can be any string of Latin letters, +Arabic-Indic digits, and underscores, +not beginning with a digit and +not being a reserved word. +Identifiers are used to name variables, table fields, and labels. + + +

+The following keywords are reserved +and cannot be used as names: + + +

+     and       break     do        else      elseif    end
+     false     for       function  goto      if        in
+     local     nil       not       or        repeat    return
+     then      true      until     while
+
+ +

+Lua is a case-sensitive language: +and is a reserved word, but And and AND +are two different, valid names. +As a convention, +programs should avoid creating +names that start with an underscore followed by +one or more uppercase letters (such as _VERSION). + + +

+The following strings denote other tokens: + +

+     +     -     *     /     %     ^     #
+     &     ~     |     <<    >>    //
+     ==    ~=    <=    >=    <     >     =
+     (     )     {     }     [     ]     ::
+     ;     :     ,     .     ..    ...
+
+ +

+A short literal string +can be delimited by matching single or double quotes, +and can contain the following C-like escape sequences: +'\a' (bell), +'\b' (backspace), +'\f' (form feed), +'\n' (newline), +'\r' (carriage return), +'\t' (horizontal tab), +'\v' (vertical tab), +'\\' (backslash), +'\"' (quotation mark [double quote]), +and '\'' (apostrophe [single quote]). +A backslash followed by a line break +results in a newline in the string. +The escape sequence '\z' skips the following span +of whitespace characters, +including line breaks; +it is particularly useful to break and indent a long literal string +into multiple lines without adding the newlines and spaces +into the string contents. +A short literal string cannot contain unescaped line breaks +nor escapes not forming a valid escape sequence. + + +

+We can specify any byte in a short literal string, +including embedded zeros, +by its numeric value. +This can be done +with the escape sequence \xXX, +where XX is a sequence of exactly two hexadecimal digits, +or with the escape sequence \ddd, +where ddd is a sequence of up to three decimal digits. +(Note that if a decimal escape sequence is to be followed by a digit, +it must be expressed using exactly three digits.) + + +

+The UTF-8 encoding of a Unicode character +can be inserted in a literal string with +the escape sequence \u{XXX} +(with mandatory enclosing braces), +where XXX is a sequence of one or more hexadecimal digits +representing the character code point. +This code point can be any value less than 231. +(Lua uses the original UTF-8 specification here, +which is not restricted to valid Unicode code points.) + + +

+Literal strings can also be defined using a long format +enclosed by long brackets. +We define an opening long bracket of level n as an opening +square bracket followed by n equal signs followed by another +opening square bracket. +So, an opening long bracket of level 0 is written as [[, +an opening long bracket of level 1 is written as [=[, +and so on. +A closing long bracket is defined similarly; +for instance, +a closing long bracket of level 4 is written as ]====]. +A long literal starts with an opening long bracket of any level and +ends at the first closing long bracket of the same level. +It can contain any text except a closing bracket of the same level. +Literals in this bracketed form can run for several lines, +do not interpret any escape sequences, +and ignore long brackets of any other level. +Any kind of end-of-line sequence +(carriage return, newline, carriage return followed by newline, +or newline followed by carriage return) +is converted to a simple newline. +When the opening long bracket is immediately followed by a newline, +the newline is not included in the string. + + +

+As an example, in a system using ASCII +(in which 'a' is coded as 97, +newline is coded as 10, and '1' is coded as 49), +the five literal strings below denote the same string: + +

+     a = 'alo\n123"'
+     a = "alo\n123\""
+     a = '\97lo\10\04923"'
+     a = [[alo
+     123"]]
+     a = [==[
+     alo
+     123"]==]
+
+ +

+Any byte in a literal string not +explicitly affected by the previous rules represents itself. +However, Lua opens files for parsing in text mode, +and the system's file functions may have problems with +some control characters. +So, it is safer to represent +binary data as a quoted literal with +explicit escape sequences for the non-text characters. + + +

+A numeric constant (or numeral) +can be written with an optional fractional part +and an optional decimal exponent, +marked by a letter 'e' or 'E'. +Lua also accepts hexadecimal constants, +which start with 0x or 0X. +Hexadecimal constants also accept an optional fractional part +plus an optional binary exponent, +marked by a letter 'p' or 'P' and written in decimal. +(For instance, 0x1.fp10 denotes 1984, +which is 0x1f / 16 multiplied by 210.) + + +

+A numeric constant with a radix point or an exponent +denotes a float; +otherwise, +if its value fits in an integer or it is a hexadecimal constant, +it denotes an integer; +otherwise (that is, a decimal integer numeral that overflows), +it denotes a float. +Hexadecimal numerals with neither a radix point nor an exponent +always denote an integer value; +if the value overflows, it wraps around +to fit into a valid integer. + + +

+Examples of valid integer constants are + +

+     3   345   0xff   0xBEBADA
+

+Examples of valid float constants are + +

+     3.0     3.1416     314.16e-2     0.31416E1     34e1
+     0x0.1E  0xA23p-4   0X1.921FB54442D18P+1
+
+ +

+A comment starts with a double hyphen (--) +anywhere outside a string. +If the text immediately after -- is not an opening long bracket, +the comment is a short comment, +which runs until the end of the line. +Otherwise, it is a long comment, +which runs until the corresponding closing long bracket. + + + + + +

3.2 – Variables

+ +

+Variables are places that store values. +There are three kinds of variables in Lua: +global variables, local variables, and table fields. + + +

+A single name can denote a global variable or a local variable +(or a function's formal parameter, +which is a particular kind of local variable): + +

+	var ::= Name
+

+Name denotes identifiers (see §3.1). + + +

+Any variable name is assumed to be global unless explicitly declared +as a local (see §3.3.7). +Local variables are lexically scoped: +local variables can be freely accessed by functions +defined inside their scope (see §3.5). + + +

+Before the first assignment to a variable, its value is nil. + + +

+Square brackets are used to index a table: + +

+	var ::= prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’
+

+The meaning of accesses to table fields can be changed via metatables +(see §2.4). + + +

+The syntax var.Name is just syntactic sugar for +var["Name"]: + +

+	var ::= prefixexp ‘.’ Name
+
+ +

+An access to a global variable x +is equivalent to _ENV.x. +Due to the way that chunks are compiled, +the variable _ENV itself is never global (see §2.2). + + + + + +

3.3 – Statements

+ + + +

+Lua supports an almost conventional set of statements, +similar to those in other conventional languages. +This set includes +blocks, assignments, control structures, function calls, +and variable declarations. + + + + + +

3.3.1 – Blocks

+ +

+A block is a list of statements, +which are executed sequentially: + +

+	block ::= {stat}
+

+Lua has empty statements +that allow you to separate statements with semicolons, +start a block with a semicolon +or write two semicolons in sequence: + +

+	stat ::= ‘;’
+
+ +

+Both function calls and assignments +can start with an open parenthesis. +This possibility leads to an ambiguity in Lua's grammar. +Consider the following fragment: + +

+     a = b + c
+     (print or io.write)('done')
+

+The grammar could see this fragment in two ways: + +

+     a = b + c(print or io.write)('done')
+     
+     a = b + c; (print or io.write)('done')
+

+The current parser always sees such constructions +in the first way, +interpreting the open parenthesis +as the start of the arguments to a call. +To avoid this ambiguity, +it is a good practice to always precede with a semicolon +statements that start with a parenthesis: + +

+     ;(print or io.write)('done')
+
+ +

+A block can be explicitly delimited to produce a single statement: + +

+	stat ::= do block end
+

+Explicit blocks are useful +to control the scope of variable declarations. +Explicit blocks are also sometimes used to +add a return statement in the middle +of another block (see §3.3.4). + + + + + +

3.3.2 – Chunks

+ +

+The unit of compilation of Lua is called a chunk. +Syntactically, +a chunk is simply a block: + +

+	chunk ::= block
+
+ +

+Lua handles a chunk as the body of an anonymous function +with a variable number of arguments +(see §3.4.11). +As such, chunks can define local variables, +receive arguments, and return values. +Moreover, such anonymous function is compiled as in the +scope of an external local variable called _ENV (see §2.2). +The resulting function always has _ENV as its only external variable, +even if it does not use that variable. + + +

+A chunk can be stored in a file or in a string inside the host program. +To execute a chunk, +Lua first loads it, +precompiling the chunk's code into instructions for a virtual machine, +and then Lua executes the compiled code +with an interpreter for the virtual machine. + + +

+Chunks can also be precompiled into binary form; +see the program luac and the function string.dump for details. +Programs in source and compiled forms are interchangeable; +Lua automatically detects the file type and acts accordingly (see load). + + + + + +

3.3.3 – Assignment

+ +

+Lua allows multiple assignments. +Therefore, the syntax for assignment +defines a list of variables on the left side +and a list of expressions on the right side. +The elements in both lists are separated by commas: + +

+	stat ::= varlist ‘=’ explist
+	varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
+	explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
+

+Expressions are discussed in §3.4. + + +

+Before the assignment, +the list of values is adjusted to the length of +the list of variables (see §3.4.12). + + +

+If a variable is both assigned and read +inside a multiple assignment, +Lua ensures that all reads get the value of the variable +before the assignment. +Thus the code + +

+     i = 3
+     i, a[i] = i+1, 20
+

+sets a[3] to 20, without affecting a[4] +because the i in a[i] is evaluated (to 3) +before it is assigned 4. +Similarly, the line + +

+     x, y = y, x
+

+exchanges the values of x and y, +and + +

+     x, y, z = y, z, x
+

+cyclically permutes the values of x, y, and z. + + +

+Note that this guarantee covers only accesses +syntactically inside the assignment statement. +If a function or a metamethod called during the assignment +changes the value of a variable, +Lua gives no guarantees about the order of that access. + + +

+An assignment to a global name x = val +is equivalent to the assignment +_ENV.x = val (see §2.2). + + +

+The meaning of assignments to table fields and +global variables (which are actually table fields, too) +can be changed via metatables (see §2.4). + + + + + +

3.3.4 – Control Structures

+The control structures +if, while, and repeat have the usual meaning and +familiar syntax: + + + + +

+	stat ::= while exp do block end
+	stat ::= repeat block until exp
+	stat ::= if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end
+

+Lua also has a for statement, in two flavors (see §3.3.5). + + +

+The condition expression of a +control structure can return any value. +Both false and nil test false. +All values different from nil and false test true. +In particular, the number 0 and the empty string also test true. + + +

+In the repeat–until loop, +the inner block does not end at the until keyword, +but only after the condition. +So, the condition can refer to local variables +declared inside the loop block. + + +

+The goto statement transfers the program control to a label. +For syntactical reasons, +labels in Lua are considered statements too: + + + +

+	stat ::= goto Name
+	stat ::= label
+	label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
+
+ +

+A label is visible in the entire block where it is defined, +except inside nested functions. +A goto may jump to any visible label as long as it does not +enter into the scope of a local variable. +A label should not be declared +where a label with the same name is visible, +even if this other label has been declared in an enclosing block. + + +

+The break statement terminates the execution of a +while, repeat, or for loop, +skipping to the next statement after the loop: + + +

+	stat ::= break
+

+A break ends the innermost enclosing loop. + + +

+The return statement is used to return values +from a function or a chunk +(which is handled as an anonymous function). + +Functions can return more than one value, +so the syntax for the return statement is + +

+	stat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
+
+ +

+The return statement can only be written +as the last statement of a block. +If it is necessary to return in the middle of a block, +then an explicit inner block can be used, +as in the idiom do return end, +because now return is the last statement in its (inner) block. + + + + + +

3.3.5 – For Statement

+ +

+ +The for statement has two forms: +one numerical and one generic. + + + +

The numerical for loop

+ +

+The numerical for loop repeats a block of code while a +control variable goes through an arithmetic progression. +It has the following syntax: + +

+	stat ::= for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end
+

+The given identifier (Name) defines the control variable, +which is a new variable local to the loop body (block). + + +

+The loop starts by evaluating once the three control expressions. +Their values are called respectively +the initial value, the limit, and the step. +If the step is absent, it defaults to 1. + + +

+If both the initial value and the step are integers, +the loop is done with integers; +note that the limit may not be an integer. +Otherwise, the three values are converted to +floats and the loop is done with floats. +Beware of floating-point accuracy in this case. + + +

+After that initialization, +the loop body is repeated with the value of the control variable +going through an arithmetic progression, +starting at the initial value, +with a common difference given by the step. +A negative step makes a decreasing sequence; +a step equal to zero raises an error. +The loop continues while the value is less than +or equal to the limit +(greater than or equal to for a negative step). +If the initial value is already greater than the limit +(or less than, if the step is negative), +the body is not executed. + + +

+For integer loops, +the control variable never wraps around; +instead, the loop ends in case of an overflow. + + +

+You should not change the value of the control variable +during the loop. +If you need its value after the loop, +assign it to another variable before exiting the loop. + + + + + +

The generic for loop

+ +

+The generic for statement works over functions, +called iterators. +On each iteration, the iterator function is called to produce a new value, +stopping when this new value is nil. +The generic for loop has the following syntax: + +

+	stat ::= for namelist in explist do block end
+	namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
+

+A for statement like + +

+     for var_1, ···, var_n in explist do body end
+

+works as follows. + + +

+The names var_i declare loop variables local to the loop body. +The first of these variables is the control variable. + + +

+The loop starts by evaluating explist +to produce four values: +an iterator function, +a state, +an initial value for the control variable, +and a closing value. + + +

+Then, at each iteration, +Lua calls the iterator function with two arguments: +the state and the control variable. +The results from this call are then assigned to the loop variables, +following the rules of multiple assignments (see §3.3.3). +If the control variable becomes nil, +the loop terminates. +Otherwise, the body is executed and the loop goes +to the next iteration. + + +

+The closing value behaves like a +to-be-closed variable (see §3.3.8), +which can be used to release resources when the loop ends. +Otherwise, it does not interfere with the loop. + + +

+You should not change the value of the control variable +during the loop. + + + + + + + +

3.3.6 – Function Calls as Statements

+To allow possible side-effects, +function calls can be executed as statements: + +

+	stat ::= functioncall
+

+In this case, all returned values are thrown away. +Function calls are explained in §3.4.10. + + + + + +

3.3.7 – Local Declarations

+Local variables can be declared anywhere inside a block. +The declaration can include an initialization: + +

+	stat ::= local attnamelist [‘=’ explist]
+	attnamelist ::=  Name attrib {‘,’ Name attrib}
+

+If present, an initial assignment has the same semantics +of a multiple assignment (see §3.3.3). +Otherwise, all variables are initialized with nil. + + +

+Each variable name may be postfixed by an attribute +(a name between angle brackets): + +

+	attrib ::= [‘<’ Name ‘>’]
+

+There are two possible attributes: +const, which declares a constant variable, +that is, a variable that cannot be assigned to +after its initialization; +and close, which declares a to-be-closed variable (see §3.3.8). +A list of variables can contain at most one to-be-closed variable. + + +

+A chunk is also a block (see §3.3.2), +and so local variables can be declared in a chunk outside any explicit block. + + +

+The visibility rules for local variables are explained in §3.5. + + + + + +

3.3.8 – To-be-closed Variables

+ +

+A to-be-closed variable behaves like a constant local variable, +except that its value is closed whenever the variable +goes out of scope, including normal block termination, +exiting its block by break/goto/return, +or exiting by an error. + + +

+Here, to close a value means +to call its __close metamethod. +When calling the metamethod, +the value itself is passed as the first argument +and the error object that caused the exit (if any) +is passed as a second argument; +if there was no error, the second argument is nil. + + +

+The value assigned to a to-be-closed variable +must have a __close metamethod +or be a false value. +(nil and false are ignored as to-be-closed values.) + + +

+If several to-be-closed variables go out of scope at the same event, +they are closed in the reverse order that they were declared. + + +

+If there is any error while running a closing method, +that error is handled like an error in the regular code +where the variable was defined. +After an error, +the other pending closing methods will still be called. + + +

+If a coroutine yields and is never resumed again, +some variables may never go out of scope, +and therefore they will never be closed. +(These variables are the ones created inside the coroutine +and in scope at the point where the coroutine yielded.) +Similarly, if a coroutine ends with an error, +it does not unwind its stack, +so it does not close any variable. +In both cases, +you can either use finalizers +or call coroutine.close to close the variables. +However, if the coroutine was created +through coroutine.wrap, +then its corresponding function will close the coroutine +in case of errors. + + + + + + + +

3.4 – Expressions

+ + + +

+The basic expressions in Lua are the following: + +

+	exp ::= prefixexp
+	exp ::= nil | false | true
+	exp ::= Numeral
+	exp ::= LiteralString
+	exp ::= functiondef
+	exp ::= tableconstructor
+	exp ::= ‘...’
+	exp ::= exp binop exp
+	exp ::= unop exp
+	prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
+
+ +

+Numerals and literal strings are explained in §3.1; +variables are explained in §3.2; +function definitions are explained in §3.4.11; +function calls are explained in §3.4.10; +table constructors are explained in §3.4.9. +Vararg expressions, +denoted by three dots ('...'), can only be used when +directly inside a variadic function; +they are explained in §3.4.11. + + +

+Binary operators comprise arithmetic operators (see §3.4.1), +bitwise operators (see §3.4.2), +relational operators (see §3.4.4), logical operators (see §3.4.5), +and the concatenation operator (see §3.4.6). +Unary operators comprise the unary minus (see §3.4.1), +the unary bitwise NOT (see §3.4.2), +the unary logical not (see §3.4.5), +and the unary length operator (see §3.4.7). + + + + + +

3.4.1 – Arithmetic Operators

+Lua supports the following arithmetic operators: + +

    +
  • +: addition
    • +
  • -: subtraction
    • +
  • *: multiplication
    • +
  • /: float division
    • +
  • //: floor division
    • +
  • %: modulo
    • +
  • ^: exponentiation
    • +
  • -: unary minus
    • +
+ +

+With the exception of exponentiation and float division, +the arithmetic operators work as follows: +If both operands are integers, +the operation is performed over integers and the result is an integer. +Otherwise, if both operands are numbers, +then they are converted to floats, +the operation is performed following the machine's rules +for floating-point arithmetic +(usually the IEEE 754 standard), +and the result is a float. +(The string library coerces strings to numbers in +arithmetic operations; see §3.4.3 for details.) + + +

+Exponentiation and float division (/) +always convert their operands to floats +and the result is always a float. +Exponentiation uses the ISO C function pow, +so that it works for non-integer exponents too. + + +

+Floor division (//) is a division +that rounds the quotient towards minus infinity, +resulting in the floor of the division of its operands. + + +

+Modulo is defined as the remainder of a division +that rounds the quotient towards minus infinity (floor division). + + +

+In case of overflows in integer arithmetic, +all operations wrap around. + + + +

3.4.2 – Bitwise Operators

+Lua supports the following bitwise operators: + +

    +
  • &: bitwise AND
    • +
  • |: bitwise OR
    • +
  • ~: bitwise exclusive OR
    • +
  • >>: right shift
    • +
  • <<: left shift
    • +
  • ~: unary bitwise NOT
    • +
+ +

+All bitwise operations convert its operands to integers +(see §3.4.3), +operate on all bits of those integers, +and result in an integer. + + +

+Both right and left shifts fill the vacant bits with zeros. +Negative displacements shift to the other direction; +displacements with absolute values equal to or higher than +the number of bits in an integer +result in zero (as all bits are shifted out). + + + + + +

3.4.3 – Coercions and Conversions

+Lua provides some automatic conversions between some +types and representations at run time. +Bitwise operators always convert float operands to integers. +Exponentiation and float division +always convert integer operands to floats. +All other arithmetic operations applied to mixed numbers +(integers and floats) convert the integer operand to a float. +The C API also converts both integers to floats and +floats to integers, as needed. +Moreover, string concatenation accepts numbers as arguments, +besides strings. + + +

+In a conversion from integer to float, +if the integer value has an exact representation as a float, +that is the result. +Otherwise, +the conversion gets the nearest higher or +the nearest lower representable value. +This kind of conversion never fails. + + +

+The conversion from float to integer +checks whether the float has an exact representation as an integer +(that is, the float has an integral value and +it is in the range of integer representation). +If it does, that representation is the result. +Otherwise, the conversion fails. + + +

+Several places in Lua coerce strings to numbers when necessary. +In particular, +the string library sets metamethods that try to coerce +strings to numbers in all arithmetic operations. +If the conversion fails, +the library calls the metamethod of the other operand +(if present) or it raises an error. +Note that bitwise operators do not do this coercion. + + +

+It is always a good practice not to rely on the +implicit coercions from strings to numbers, +as they are not always applied; +in particular, "1"==1 is false and "1"<1 raises an error +(see §3.4.4). +These coercions exist mainly for compatibility and may be removed +in future versions of the language. + + +

+A string is converted to an integer or a float +following its syntax and the rules of the Lua lexer. +The string may have also leading and trailing whitespaces and a sign. +All conversions from strings to numbers +accept both a dot and the current locale mark +as the radix character. +(The Lua lexer, however, accepts only a dot.) +If the string is not a valid numeral, +the conversion fails. +If necessary, the result of this first step is then converted +to a specific number subtype following the previous rules +for conversions between floats and integers. + + +

+The conversion from numbers to strings uses a +non-specified human-readable format. +To convert numbers to strings in any specific way, +use the function string.format. + + + + + +

3.4.4 – Relational Operators

+Lua supports the following relational operators: + +

    +
  • ==: equality
    • +
  • ~=: inequality
    • +
  • <: less than
    • +
  • >: greater than
    • +
  • <=: less or equal
    • +
  • >=: greater or equal
    • +

+These operators always result in false or true. + + +

+Equality (==) first compares the type of its operands. +If the types are different, then the result is false. +Otherwise, the values of the operands are compared. +Strings are equal if they have the same byte content. +Numbers are equal if they denote the same mathematical value. + + +

+Tables, userdata, and threads +are compared by reference: +two objects are considered equal only if they are the same object. +Every time you create a new object +(a table, a userdata, or a thread), +this new object is different from any previously existing object. +A function is always equal to itself. +Functions with any detectable difference +(different behavior, different definition) are always different. +Functions created at different times but with no detectable differences +may be classified as equal or not +(depending on internal caching details). + + +

+You can change the way that Lua compares tables and userdata +by using the __eq metamethod (see §2.4). + + +

+Equality comparisons do not convert strings to numbers +or vice versa. +Thus, "0"==0 evaluates to false, +and t[0] and t["0"] denote different +entries in a table. + + +

+The operator ~= is exactly the negation of equality (==). + + +

+The order operators work as follows. +If both arguments are numbers, +then they are compared according to their mathematical values, +regardless of their subtypes. +Otherwise, if both arguments are strings, +then their values are compared according to the current locale. +Otherwise, Lua tries to call the __lt or the __le +metamethod (see §2.4). +A comparison a > b is translated to b < a +and a >= b is translated to b <= a. + + +

+Following the IEEE 754 standard, +the special value NaN is considered neither less than, +nor equal to, nor greater than any value, including itself. + + + + + +

3.4.5 – Logical Operators

+The logical operators in Lua are +and, or, and not. +Like the control structures (see §3.3.4), +all logical operators consider both false and nil as false +and anything else as true. + + +

+The negation operator not always returns false or true. +The conjunction operator and returns its first argument +if this value is false or nil; +otherwise, and returns its second argument. +The disjunction operator or returns its first argument +if this value is different from nil and false; +otherwise, or returns its second argument. +Both and and or use short-circuit evaluation; +that is, +the second operand is evaluated only if necessary. +Here are some examples: + +

+     10 or 20            --> 10
+     10 or error()       --> 10
+     nil or "a"          --> "a"
+     nil and 10          --> nil
+     false and error()   --> false
+     false and nil       --> false
+     false or nil        --> nil
+     10 and 20           --> 20
+
+ + + + +

3.4.6 – Concatenation

+The string concatenation operator in Lua is +denoted by two dots ('..'). +If both operands are strings or numbers, +then the numbers are converted to strings +in a non-specified format (see §3.4.3). +Otherwise, the __concat metamethod is called (see §2.4). + + + + + +

3.4.7 – The Length Operator

+ +

+The length operator is denoted by the unary prefix operator #. + + +

+The length of a string is its number of bytes. +(That is the usual meaning of string length when each +character is one byte.) + + +

+The length operator applied on a table +returns a border in that table. +A border in a table t is any non-negative integer +that satisfies the following condition: + +

+     (border == 0 or t[border] ~= nil) and
+     (t[border + 1] == nil or border == math.maxinteger)
+

+In words, +a border is any positive integer index present in the table +that is followed by an absent index, +plus two limit cases: +zero, when index 1 is absent; +and the maximum value for an integer, when that index is present. +Note that keys that are not positive integers +do not interfere with borders. + + +

+A table with exactly one border is called a sequence. +For instance, the table {10, 20, 30, 40, 50} is a sequence, +as it has only one border (5). +The table {10, 20, 30, nil, 50} has two borders (3 and 5), +and therefore it is not a sequence. +(The nil at index 4 is called a hole.) +The table {nil, 20, 30, nil, nil, 60, nil} +has three borders (0, 3, and 6), +so it is not a sequence, too. +The table {} is a sequence with border 0. + + +

+When t is a sequence, +#t returns its only border, +which corresponds to the intuitive notion of the length of the sequence. +When t is not a sequence, +#t can return any of its borders. +(The exact one depends on details of +the internal representation of the table, +which in turn can depend on how the table was populated and +the memory addresses of its non-numeric keys.) + + +

+The computation of the length of a table +has a guaranteed worst time of O(log n), +where n is the largest integer key in the table. + + +

+A program can modify the behavior of the length operator for +any value but strings through the __len metamethod (see §2.4). + + + + + +

3.4.8 – Precedence

+Operator precedence in Lua follows the table below, +from lower to higher priority: + +

+     or
+     and
+     <     >     <=    >=    ~=    ==
+     |
+     ~
+     &
+     <<    >>
+     ..
+     +     -
+     *     /     //    %
+     unary operators (not   #     -     ~)
+     ^
+

+As usual, +you can use parentheses to change the precedences of an expression. +The concatenation ('..') and exponentiation ('^') +operators are right associative. +All other binary operators are left associative. + + + + + +

3.4.9 – Table Constructors

+Table constructors are expressions that create tables. +Every time a constructor is evaluated, a new table is created. +A constructor can be used to create an empty table +or to create a table and initialize some of its fields. +The general syntax for constructors is + +

+	tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
+	fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
+	field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
+	fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
+
+ +

+Each field of the form [exp1] = exp2 adds to the new table an entry +with key exp1 and value exp2. +A field of the form name = exp is equivalent to +["name"] = exp. +Fields of the form exp are equivalent to +[i] = exp, where i are consecutive integers +starting with 1; +fields in the other formats do not affect this counting. +For example, + +

+     a = { [f(1)] = g; "x", "y"; x = 1, f(x), [30] = 23; 45 }
+

+is equivalent to + +

+     do
+       local t = {}
+       t[f(1)] = g
+       t[1] = "x"         -- 1st exp
+       t[2] = "y"         -- 2nd exp
+       t.x = 1            -- t["x"] = 1
+       t[3] = f(x)        -- 3rd exp
+       t[30] = 23
+       t[4] = 45          -- 4th exp
+       a = t
+     end
+
+ +

+The order of the assignments in a constructor is undefined. +(This order would be relevant only when there are repeated keys.) + + +

+If the last field in the list has the form exp +and the expression is a multires expression, +then all values returned by this expression enter the list consecutively +(see §3.4.12). + + +

+The field list can have an optional trailing separator, +as a convenience for machine-generated code. + + + + + +

3.4.10 – Function Calls

+A function call in Lua has the following syntax: + +

+	functioncall ::= prefixexp args
+

+In a function call, +first prefixexp and args are evaluated. +If the value of prefixexp has type function, +then this function is called +with the given arguments. +Otherwise, if present, +the prefixexp __call metamethod is called: +its first argument is the value of prefixexp, +followed by the original call arguments +(see §2.4). + + +

+The form + +

+	functioncall ::= prefixexp ‘:’ Name args
+

+can be used to emulate methods. +A call v:name(args) +is syntactic sugar for v.name(v,args), +except that v is evaluated only once. + + +

+Arguments have the following syntax: + +

+	args ::= ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’
+	args ::= tableconstructor
+	args ::= LiteralString
+

+All argument expressions are evaluated before the call. +A call of the form f{fields} is +syntactic sugar for f({fields}); +that is, the argument list is a single new table. +A call of the form f'string' +(or f"string" or f[[string]]) +is syntactic sugar for f('string'); +that is, the argument list is a single literal string. + + +

+A call of the form return functioncall not in the +scope of a to-be-closed variable is called a tail call. +Lua implements proper tail calls +(or proper tail recursion): +In a tail call, +the called function reuses the stack entry of the calling function. +Therefore, there is no limit on the number of nested tail calls that +a program can execute. +However, a tail call erases any debug information about the +calling function. +Note that a tail call only happens with a particular syntax, +where the return has one single function call as argument, +and it is outside the scope of any to-be-closed variable. +This syntax makes the calling function return exactly +the returns of the called function, +without any intervening action. +So, none of the following examples are tail calls: + +

+     return (f(x))        -- results adjusted to 1
+     return 2 * f(x)      -- result multiplied by 2
+     return x, f(x)       -- additional results
+     f(x); return         -- results discarded
+     return x or f(x)     -- results adjusted to 1
+
+ + + + +

3.4.11 – Function Definitions

+ +

+The syntax for function definition is + +

+	functiondef ::= function funcbody
+	funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
+
+ +

+The following syntactic sugar simplifies function definitions: + +

+	stat ::= function funcname funcbody
+	stat ::= local function Name funcbody
+	funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
+

+The statement + +

+     function f () body end
+

+translates to + +

+     f = function () body end
+

+The statement + +

+     function t.a.b.c.f () body end
+

+translates to + +

+     t.a.b.c.f = function () body end
+

+The statement + +

+     local function f () body end
+

+translates to + +

+     local f; f = function () body end
+

+not to + +

+     local f = function () body end
+

+(This only makes a difference when the body of the function +contains references to f.) + + +

+A function definition is an executable expression, +whose value has type function. +When Lua precompiles a chunk, +all its function bodies are precompiled too, +but they are not created yet. +Then, whenever Lua executes the function definition, +the function is instantiated (or closed). +This function instance, or closure, +is the final value of the expression. + + +

+Parameters act as local variables that are +initialized with the argument values: + +

+	parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
+

+When a Lua function is called, +it adjusts its list of arguments to +the length of its list of parameters (see §3.4.12), +unless the function is a variadic function, +which is indicated by three dots ('...') +at the end of its parameter list. +A variadic function does not adjust its argument list; +instead, it collects all extra arguments and supplies them +to the function through a vararg expression, +which is also written as three dots. +The value of this expression is a list of all actual extra arguments, +similar to a function with multiple results (see §3.4.12). + + +

+As an example, consider the following definitions: + +

+     function f(a, b) end
+     function g(a, b, ...) end
+     function r() return 1,2,3 end
+

+Then, we have the following mapping from arguments to parameters and +to the vararg expression: + +

+     CALL             PARAMETERS
+     
+     f(3)             a=3, b=nil
+     f(3, 4)          a=3, b=4
+     f(3, 4, 5)       a=3, b=4
+     f(r(), 10)       a=1, b=10
+     f(r())           a=1, b=2
+     
+     g(3)             a=3, b=nil, ... -->  (nothing)
+     g(3, 4)          a=3, b=4,   ... -->  (nothing)
+     g(3, 4, 5, 8)    a=3, b=4,   ... -->  5  8
+     g(5, r())        a=5, b=1,   ... -->  2  3
+
+ +

+Results are returned using the return statement (see §3.3.4). +If control reaches the end of a function +without encountering a return statement, +then the function returns with no results. + + +

+ +There is a system-dependent limit on the number of values +that a function may return. +This limit is guaranteed to be greater than 1000. + + +

+The colon syntax +is used to emulate methods, +adding an implicit extra parameter self to the function. +Thus, the statement + +

+     function t.a.b.c:f (params) body end
+

+is syntactic sugar for + +

+     t.a.b.c.f = function (self, params) body end
+
+ + + + +

3.4.12 – Lists of expressions, multiple results, +and adjustment

+ +

+Both function calls and vararg expressions can result in multiple values. +These expressions are called multires expressions. + + +

+When a multires expression is used as the last element +of a list of expressions, +all results from the expression are added to the +list of values produced by the list of expressions. +Note that a single expression +in a place that expects a list of expressions +is the last expression in that (singleton) list. + + +

+These are the places where Lua expects a list of expressions: + +

    + +
  • A return statement, +for instance return e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.4).
    • + +
  • A table constructor, +for instance {e1, e2, e3} (see §3.4.9).
    • + +
  • The arguments of a function call, +for instance foo(e1, e2, e3) (see §3.4.10).
    • + +
  • A multiple assignment, +for instance a , b, c = e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.3).
    • + +
  • A local declaration, +for instance local a , b, c = e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.7).
    • + +
  • The initial values in a generic for loop, +for instance for k in e1, e2, e3 do ... end (see §3.3.5).
    • + +

+In the last four cases, +the list of values from the list of expressions +must be adjusted to a specific length: +the number of parameters in a call to a non-variadic function +(see §3.4.11), +the number of variables in a multiple assignment or +a local declaration, +and exactly four values for a generic for loop. +The adjustment follows these rules: +If there are more values than needed, +the extra values are thrown away; +if there are fewer values than needed, +the list is extended with nil's. +When the list of expressions ends with a multires expression, +all results from that expression enter the list of values +before the adjustment. + + +

+When a multires expression is used +in a list of expressions without being the last element, +or in a place where the syntax expects a single expression, +Lua adjusts the result list of that expression to one element. +As a particular case, +the syntax expects a single expression inside a parenthesized expression; +therefore, adding parentheses around a multires expression +forces it to produce exactly one result. + + +

+We seldom need to use a vararg expression in a place +where the syntax expects a single expression. +(Usually it is simpler to add a regular parameter before +the variadic part and use that parameter.) +When there is such a need, +we recommend assigning the vararg expression +to a single variable and using that variable +in its place. + + +

+Here are some examples of uses of mutlres expressions. +In all cases, when the construction needs +"the n-th result" and there is no such result, +it uses a nil. + +

+     print(x, f())      -- prints x and all results from f().
+     print(x, (f()))    -- prints x and the first result from f().
+     print(f(), x)      -- prints the first result from f() and x.
+     print(1 + f())     -- prints 1 added to the first result from f().
+     local x = ...      -- x gets the first vararg argument.
+     x,y = ...          -- x gets the first vararg argument,
+                        -- y gets the second vararg argument.
+     x,y,z = w, f()     -- x gets w, y gets the first result from f(),
+                        -- z gets the second result from f().
+     x,y,z = f()        -- x gets the first result from f(),
+                        -- y gets the second result from f(),
+                        -- z gets the third result from f().
+     x,y,z = f(), g()   -- x gets the first result from f(),
+                        -- y gets the first result from g(),
+                        -- z gets the second result from g().
+     x,y,z = (f())      -- x gets the first result from f(), y and z get nil.
+     return f()         -- returns all results from f().
+     return x, ...      -- returns x and all received vararg arguments.
+     return x,y,f()     -- returns x, y, and all results from f().
+     {f()}              -- creates a list with all results from f().
+     {...}              -- creates a list with all vararg arguments.
+     {f(), 5}           -- creates a list with the first result from f() and 5.
+
+ + + + + + +

3.5 – Visibility Rules

+ +

+ +Lua is a lexically scoped language. +The scope of a local variable begins at the first statement after +its declaration and lasts until the last non-void statement +of the innermost block that includes the declaration. +(Void statements are labels and empty statements.) +Consider the following example: + +

+     x = 10                -- global variable
+     do                    -- new block
+       local x = x         -- new 'x', with value 10
+       print(x)            --> 10
+       x = x+1
+       do                  -- another block
+         local x = x+1     -- another 'x'
+         print(x)          --> 12
+       end
+       print(x)            --> 11
+     end
+     print(x)              --> 10  (the global one)
+
+ +

+Notice that, in a declaration like local x = x, +the new x being declared is not in scope yet, +and so the second x refers to the outside variable. + + +

+Because of the lexical scoping rules, +local variables can be freely accessed by functions +defined inside their scope. +A local variable used by an inner function is called an upvalue +(or external local variable, or simply external variable) +inside the inner function. + + +

+Notice that each execution of a local statement +defines new local variables. +Consider the following example: + +

+     a = {}
+     local x = 20
+     for i = 1, 10 do
+       local y = 0
+       a[i] = function () y = y + 1; return x + y end
+     end
+

+The loop creates ten closures +(that is, ten instances of the anonymous function). +Each of these closures uses a different y variable, +while all of them share the same x. + + + + + +

4 – The Application Program Interface

+ + + +

+ +This section describes the C API for Lua, that is, +the set of C functions available to the host program to communicate +with Lua. +All API functions and related types and constants +are declared in the header file lua.h. + + +

+Even when we use the term "function", +any facility in the API may be provided as a macro instead. +Except where stated otherwise, +all such macros use each of their arguments exactly once +(except for the first argument, which is always a Lua state), +and so do not generate any hidden side-effects. + + +

+As in most C libraries, +the Lua API functions do not check their arguments +for validity or consistency. +However, you can change this behavior by compiling Lua +with the macro LUA_USE_APICHECK defined. + + +

+The Lua library is fully reentrant: +it has no global variables. +It keeps all information it needs in a dynamic structure, +called the Lua state. + + +

+Each Lua state has one or more threads, +which correspond to independent, cooperative lines of execution. +The type lua_State (despite its name) refers to a thread. +(Indirectly, through the thread, it also refers to the +Lua state associated to the thread.) + + +

+A pointer to a thread must be passed as the first argument to +every function in the library, except to lua_newstate, +which creates a Lua state from scratch and returns a pointer +to the main thread in the new state. + + + + + +

4.1 – The Stack

+ + + +

+Lua uses a virtual stack to pass values to and from C. +Each element in this stack represents a Lua value +(nil, number, string, etc.). +Functions in the API can access this stack through the +Lua state parameter that they receive. + + +

+Whenever Lua calls C, the called function gets a new stack, +which is independent of previous stacks and of stacks of +C functions that are still active. +This stack initially contains any arguments to the C function +and it is where the C function can store temporary +Lua values and must push its results +to be returned to the caller (see lua_CFunction). + + +

+For convenience, +most query operations in the API do not follow a strict stack discipline. +Instead, they can refer to any element in the stack +by using an index: +A positive index represents an absolute stack position, +starting at 1 as the bottom of the stack; +a negative index represents an offset relative to the top of the stack. +More specifically, if the stack has n elements, +then index 1 represents the first element +(that is, the element that was pushed onto the stack first) +and +index n represents the last element; +index -1 also represents the last element +(that is, the element at the top) +and index -n represents the first element. + + + + + +

4.1.1 – Stack Size

+ +

+When you interact with the Lua API, +you are responsible for ensuring consistency. +In particular, +you are responsible for controlling stack overflow. +When you call any API function, +you must ensure the stack has enough room to accommodate the results. + + +

+There is one exception to the above rule: +When you call a Lua function +without a fixed number of results (see lua_call), +Lua ensures that the stack has enough space for all results. +However, it does not ensure any extra space. +So, before pushing anything on the stack after such a call +you should use lua_checkstack. + + +

+Whenever Lua calls C, +it ensures that the stack has space for +at least LUA_MINSTACK extra elements; +that is, you can safely push up to LUA_MINSTACK values into it. +LUA_MINSTACK is defined as 20, +so that usually you do not have to worry about stack space +unless your code has loops pushing elements onto the stack. +Whenever necessary, +you can use the function lua_checkstack +to ensure that the stack has enough space for pushing new elements. + + + + + +

4.1.2 – Valid and Acceptable Indices

+ +

+Any function in the API that receives stack indices +works only with valid indices or acceptable indices. + + +

+A valid index is an index that refers to a +position that stores a modifiable Lua value. +It comprises stack indices between 1 and the stack top +(1 ≤ abs(index) ≤ top) + +plus pseudo-indices, +which represent some positions that are accessible to C code +but that are not in the stack. +Pseudo-indices are used to access the registry (see §4.3) +and the upvalues of a C function (see §4.2). + + +

+Functions that do not need a specific mutable position, +but only a value (e.g., query functions), +can be called with acceptable indices. +An acceptable index can be any valid index, +but it also can be any positive index after the stack top +within the space allocated for the stack, +that is, indices up to the stack size. +(Note that 0 is never an acceptable index.) +Indices to upvalues (see §4.2) greater than the real number +of upvalues in the current C function are also acceptable (but invalid). +Except when noted otherwise, +functions in the API work with acceptable indices. + + +

+Acceptable indices serve to avoid extra tests +against the stack top when querying the stack. +For instance, a C function can query its third argument +without the need to check whether there is a third argument, +that is, without the need to check whether 3 is a valid index. + + +

+For functions that can be called with acceptable indices, +any non-valid index is treated as if it +contains a value of a virtual type LUA_TNONE, +which behaves like a nil value. + + + + + +

4.1.3 – Pointers to strings

+ +

+Several functions in the API return pointers (const char*) +to Lua strings in the stack. +(See lua_pushfstring, lua_pushlstring, +lua_pushstring, and lua_tolstring. +See also luaL_checklstring, luaL_checkstring, +and luaL_tolstring in the auxiliary library.) + + +

+In general, +Lua's garbage collection can free or move internal memory +and then invalidate pointers to internal strings. +To allow a safe use of these pointers, +the API guarantees that any pointer to a string in a stack index +is valid while the string value at that index is not removed from the stack. +(It can be moved to another index, though.) +When the index is a pseudo-index (referring to an upvalue), +the pointer is valid while the corresponding call is active and +the corresponding upvalue is not modified. + + +

+Some functions in the debug interface +also return pointers to strings, +namely lua_getlocal, lua_getupvalue, +lua_setlocal, and lua_setupvalue. +For these functions, the pointer is guaranteed to +be valid while the caller function is active and +the given closure (if one was given) is in the stack. + + +

+Except for these guarantees, +the garbage collector is free to invalidate +any pointer to internal strings. + + + + + + + +

4.2 – C Closures

+ +

+When a C function is created, +it is possible to associate some values with it, +thus creating a C closure +(see lua_pushcclosure); +these values are called upvalues and are +accessible to the function whenever it is called. + + +

+Whenever a C function is called, +its upvalues are located at specific pseudo-indices. +These pseudo-indices are produced by the macro +lua_upvalueindex. +The first upvalue associated with a function is at index +lua_upvalueindex(1), and so on. +Any access to lua_upvalueindex(n), +where n is greater than the number of upvalues of the +current function +(but not greater than 256, +which is one plus the maximum number of upvalues in a closure), +produces an acceptable but invalid index. + + +

+A C closure can also change the values +of its corresponding upvalues. + + + + + +

4.3 – Registry

+ +

+Lua provides a registry, +a predefined table that can be used by any C code to +store whatever Lua values it needs to store. +The registry table is always accessible at pseudo-index +LUA_REGISTRYINDEX. +Any C library can store data into this table, +but it must take care to choose keys +that are different from those used +by other libraries, to avoid collisions. +Typically, you should use as key a string containing your library name, +or a light userdata with the address of a C object in your code, +or any Lua object created by your code. +As with variable names, +string keys starting with an underscore followed by +uppercase letters are reserved for Lua. + + +

+The integer keys in the registry are used +by the reference mechanism (see luaL_ref) +and by some predefined values. +Therefore, integer keys in the registry +must not be used for other purposes. + + +

+When you create a new Lua state, +its registry comes with some predefined values. +These predefined values are indexed with integer keys +defined as constants in lua.h. +The following constants are defined: + +

    +
  • LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD: At this index the registry has +the main thread of the state. +(The main thread is the one created together with the state.) +
    • + +
  • LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS: At this index the registry has +the global environment. +
    • +
+ + + + +

4.4 – Error Handling in C

+ + + +

+Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to handle errors. +(Lua will use exceptions if you compile it as C++; +search for LUAI_THROW in the source code for details.) +When Lua faces any error, +such as a memory allocation error or a type error, +it raises an error; +that is, it does a long jump. +A protected environment uses setjmp +to set a recovery point; +any error jumps to the most recent active recovery point. + + +

+Inside a C function you can raise an error explicitly +by calling lua_error. + + +

+Most functions in the API can raise an error, +for instance due to a memory allocation error. +The documentation for each function indicates whether +it can raise errors. + + +

+If an error happens outside any protected environment, +Lua calls a panic function (see lua_atpanic) +and then calls abort, +thus exiting the host application. +Your panic function can avoid this exit by +never returning +(e.g., doing a long jump to your own recovery point outside Lua). + + +

+The panic function, +as its name implies, +is a mechanism of last resort. +Programs should avoid it. +As a general rule, +when a C function is called by Lua with a Lua state, +it can do whatever it wants on that Lua state, +as it should be already protected. +However, +when C code operates on other Lua states +(e.g., a Lua-state argument to the function, +a Lua state stored in the registry, or +the result of lua_newthread), +it should use them only in API calls that cannot raise errors. + + +

+The panic function runs as if it were a message handler (see §2.3); +in particular, the error object is on the top of the stack. +However, there is no guarantee about stack space. +To push anything on the stack, +the panic function must first check the available space (see §4.1.1). + + + + + +

4.4.1 – Status Codes

+ +

+Several functions that report errors in the API use the following +status codes to indicate different kinds of errors or other conditions: + +

    + +
  • LUA_OK (0): no errors.
    • + +
  • LUA_ERRRUN: a runtime error.
    • + +
  • LUA_ERRMEM: +memory allocation error. +For such errors, Lua does not call the message handler. +
    • + +
  • LUA_ERRERR: error while running the message handler.
    • + +
  • LUA_ERRSYNTAX: syntax error during precompilation.
    • + +
  • LUA_YIELD: the thread (coroutine) yields.
    • + +
  • LUA_ERRFILE: a file-related error; +e.g., it cannot open or read the file.
    • + +

+These constants are defined in the header file lua.h. + + + + + + + +

4.5 – Handling Yields in C

+ +

+Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to yield a coroutine. +Therefore, if a C function foo calls an API function +and this API function yields +(directly or indirectly by calling another function that yields), +Lua cannot return to foo any more, +because the longjmp removes its frame from the C stack. + + +

+To avoid this kind of problem, +Lua raises an error whenever it tries to yield across an API call, +except for three functions: +lua_yieldk, lua_callk, and lua_pcallk. +All those functions receive a continuation function +(as a parameter named k) to continue execution after a yield. + + +

+We need to set some terminology to explain continuations. +We have a C function called from Lua which we will call +the original function. +This original function then calls one of those three functions in the C API, +which we will call the callee function, +that then yields the current thread. +This can happen when the callee function is lua_yieldk, +or when the callee function is either lua_callk or lua_pcallk +and the function called by them yields. + + +

+Suppose the running thread yields while executing the callee function. +After the thread resumes, +it eventually will finish running the callee function. +However, +the callee function cannot return to the original function, +because its frame in the C stack was destroyed by the yield. +Instead, Lua calls a continuation function, +which was given as an argument to the callee function. +As the name implies, +the continuation function should continue the task +of the original function. + + +

+As an illustration, consider the following function: + +

+     int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+       ...     /* code 1 */
+       status = lua_pcall(L, n, m, h);  /* calls Lua */
+       ...     /* code 2 */
+     }
+

+Now we want to allow +the Lua code being run by lua_pcall to yield. +First, we can rewrite our function like here: + +

+     int k (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext ctx) {
+       ...  /* code 2 */
+     }
+     
+     int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+       ...     /* code 1 */
+       return k(L, lua_pcall(L, n, m, h), ctx);
+     }
+

+In the above code, +the new function k is a +continuation function (with type lua_KFunction), +which should do all the work that the original function +was doing after calling lua_pcall. +Now, we must inform Lua that it must call k if the Lua code +being executed by lua_pcall gets interrupted in some way +(errors or yielding), +so we rewrite the code as here, +replacing lua_pcall by lua_pcallk: + +

+     int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+       ...     /* code 1 */
+       return k(L, lua_pcallk(L, n, m, h, ctx2, k), ctx1);
+     }
+

+Note the external, explicit call to the continuation: +Lua will call the continuation only if needed, that is, +in case of errors or resuming after a yield. +If the called function returns normally without ever yielding, +lua_pcallk (and lua_callk) will also return normally. +(Of course, instead of calling the continuation in that case, +you can do the equivalent work directly inside the original function.) + + +

+Besides the Lua state, +the continuation function has two other parameters: +the final status of the call and the context value (ctx) that +was passed originally to lua_pcallk. +Lua does not use this context value; +it only passes this value from the original function to the +continuation function. +For lua_pcallk, +the status is the same value that would be returned by lua_pcallk, +except that it is LUA_YIELD when being executed after a yield +(instead of LUA_OK). +For lua_yieldk and lua_callk, +the status is always LUA_YIELD when Lua calls the continuation. +(For these two functions, +Lua will not call the continuation in case of errors, +because they do not handle errors.) +Similarly, when using lua_callk, +you should call the continuation function +with LUA_OK as the status. +(For lua_yieldk, there is not much point in calling +directly the continuation function, +because lua_yieldk usually does not return.) + + +

+Lua treats the continuation function as if it were the original function. +The continuation function receives the same Lua stack +from the original function, +in the same state it would be if the callee function had returned. +(For instance, +after a lua_callk the function and its arguments are +removed from the stack and replaced by the results from the call.) +It also has the same upvalues. +Whatever it returns is handled by Lua as if it were the return +of the original function. + + + + + +

4.6 – Functions and Types

+ +

+Here we list all functions and types from the C API in +alphabetical order. +Each function has an indicator like this: +[-o, +p, x] + + +

+The first field, o, +is how many elements the function pops from the stack. +The second field, p, +is how many elements the function pushes onto the stack. +(Any function always pushes its results after popping its arguments.) +A field in the form x|y means the function can push (or pop) +x or y elements, +depending on the situation; +an interrogation mark '?' means that +we cannot know how many elements the function pops/pushes +by looking only at its arguments. +(For instance, they may depend on what is in the stack.) +The third field, x, +tells whether the function may raise errors: +'-' means the function never raises any error; +'m' means the function may raise only out-of-memory errors; +'v' means the function may raise the errors explained in the text; +'e' means the function can run arbitrary Lua code, +either directly or through metamethods, +and therefore may raise any errors. + + + +

lua_absindex

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx);
+ +

+Converts the acceptable index idx +into an equivalent absolute index +(that is, one that does not depend on the stack size). + + + + + +

lua_Alloc

+
typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud,
+                             void *ptr,
+                             size_t osize,
+                             size_t nsize);
+ +

+The type of the memory-allocation function used by Lua states. +The allocator function must provide a +functionality similar to realloc, +but not exactly the same. +Its arguments are +ud, an opaque pointer passed to lua_newstate; +ptr, a pointer to the block being allocated/reallocated/freed; +osize, the original size of the block or some code about what +is being allocated; +and nsize, the new size of the block. + + +

+When ptr is not NULL, +osize is the size of the block pointed by ptr, +that is, the size given when it was allocated or reallocated. + + +

+When ptr is NULL, +osize encodes the kind of object that Lua is allocating. +osize is any of +LUA_TSTRING, LUA_TTABLE, LUA_TFUNCTION, +LUA_TUSERDATA, or LUA_TTHREAD when (and only when) +Lua is creating a new object of that type. +When osize is some other value, +Lua is allocating memory for something else. + + +

+Lua assumes the following behavior from the allocator function: + + +

+When nsize is zero, +the allocator must behave like free +and then return NULL. + + +

+When nsize is not zero, +the allocator must behave like realloc. +In particular, the allocator returns NULL +if and only if it cannot fulfill the request. + + +

+Here is a simple implementation for the allocator function. +It is used in the auxiliary library by luaL_newstate. + +

+     static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize,
+                                                size_t nsize) {
+       (void)ud;  (void)osize;  /* not used */
+       if (nsize == 0) {
+         free(ptr);
+         return NULL;
+       }
+       else
+         return realloc(ptr, nsize);
+     }
+

+Note that ISO C ensures +that free(NULL) has no effect and that +realloc(NULL,size) is equivalent to malloc(size). + + + + + +

lua_arith

+[-(2|1), +1, e] +

void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op);
+ +

+Performs an arithmetic or bitwise operation over the two values +(or one, in the case of negations) +at the top of the stack, +with the value on the top being the second operand, +pops these values, and pushes the result of the operation. +The function follows the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator +(that is, it may call metamethods). + + +

+The value of op must be one of the following constants: + +

+ + + + +

lua_atpanic

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_CFunction lua_atpanic (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf);
+ +

+Sets a new panic function and returns the old one (see §4.4). + + + + + +

lua_call

+[-(nargs+1), +nresults, e] +

void lua_call (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults);
+ +

+Calls a function. +Like regular Lua calls, +lua_call respects the __call metamethod. +So, here the word "function" +means any callable value. + + +

+To do a call you must use the following protocol: +first, the function to be called is pushed onto the stack; +then, the arguments to the call are pushed +in direct order; +that is, the first argument is pushed first. +Finally you call lua_call; +nargs is the number of arguments that you pushed onto the stack. +When the function returns, +all arguments and the function value are popped +and the call results are pushed onto the stack. +The number of results is adjusted to nresults, +unless nresults is LUA_MULTRET. +In this case, all results from the function are pushed; +Lua takes care that the returned values fit into the stack space, +but it does not ensure any extra space in the stack. +The function results are pushed onto the stack in direct order +(the first result is pushed first), +so that after the call the last result is on the top of the stack. + + +

+Any error while calling and running the function is propagated upwards +(with a longjmp). + + +

+The following example shows how the host program can do the +equivalent to this Lua code: + +

+     a = f("how", t.x, 14)
+

+Here it is in C: + +

+     lua_getglobal(L, "f");                  /* function to be called */
+     lua_pushliteral(L, "how");                       /* 1st argument */
+     lua_getglobal(L, "t");                    /* table to be indexed */
+     lua_getfield(L, -1, "x");        /* push result of t.x (2nd arg) */
+     lua_remove(L, -2);                  /* remove 't' from the stack */
+     lua_pushinteger(L, 14);                          /* 3rd argument */
+     lua_call(L, 3, 1);     /* call 'f' with 3 arguments and 1 result */
+     lua_setglobal(L, "a");                         /* set global 'a' */
+

+Note that the code above is balanced: +at its end, the stack is back to its original configuration. +This is considered good programming practice. + + + + + +

lua_callk

+[-(nargs + 1), +nresults, e] +

void lua_callk (lua_State *L,
+                int nargs,
+                int nresults,
+                lua_KContext ctx,
+                lua_KFunction k);
+ +

+This function behaves exactly like lua_call, +but allows the called function to yield (see §4.5). + + + + + +

lua_CFunction

+
typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Type for C functions. + + +

+In order to communicate properly with Lua, +a C function must use the following protocol, +which defines the way parameters and results are passed: +a C function receives its arguments from Lua in its stack +in direct order (the first argument is pushed first). +So, when the function starts, +lua_gettop(L) returns the number of arguments received by the function. +The first argument (if any) is at index 1 +and its last argument is at index lua_gettop(L). +To return values to Lua, a C function just pushes them onto the stack, +in direct order (the first result is pushed first), +and returns in C the number of results. +Any other value in the stack below the results will be properly +discarded by Lua. +Like a Lua function, a C function called by Lua can also return +many results. + + +

+As an example, the following function receives a variable number +of numeric arguments and returns their average and their sum: + +

+     static int foo (lua_State *L) {
+       int n = lua_gettop(L);    /* number of arguments */
+       lua_Number sum = 0.0;
+       int i;
+       for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+         if (!lua_isnumber(L, i)) {
+           lua_pushliteral(L, "incorrect argument");
+           lua_error(L);
+         }
+         sum += lua_tonumber(L, i);
+       }
+       lua_pushnumber(L, sum/n);        /* first result */
+       lua_pushnumber(L, sum);         /* second result */
+       return 2;                   /* number of results */
+     }
+
+ + + + +

lua_checkstack

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int n);
+ +

+Ensures that the stack has space for at least n extra elements, +that is, that you can safely push up to n values into it. +It returns false if it cannot fulfill the request, +either because it would cause the stack +to be greater than a fixed maximum size +(typically at least several thousand elements) or +because it cannot allocate memory for the extra space. +This function never shrinks the stack; +if the stack already has space for the extra elements, +it is left unchanged. + + + + + +

lua_close

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_close (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Close all active to-be-closed variables in the main thread, +release all objects in the given Lua state +(calling the corresponding garbage-collection metamethods, if any), +and frees all dynamic memory used by this state. + + +

+On several platforms, you may not need to call this function, +because all resources are naturally released when the host program ends. +On the other hand, long-running programs that create multiple states, +such as daemons or web servers, +will probably need to close states as soon as they are not needed. + + + + + +

lua_closeslot

+[-0, +0, e] +

void lua_closeslot (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Close the to-be-closed slot at the given index and set its value to nil. +The index must be the last index previously marked to be closed +(see lua_toclose) that is still active (that is, not closed yet). + + +

+A __close metamethod cannot yield +when called through this function. + + +

+(This function was introduced in release 5.4.3.) + + + + + +

lua_closethread

+[-0, +?, –] +

int lua_closethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *from);
+ +

+Resets a thread, cleaning its call stack and closing all pending +to-be-closed variables. +Returns a status code: +LUA_OK for no errors in the thread +(either the original error that stopped the thread or +errors in closing methods), +or an error status otherwise. +In case of error, +leaves the error object on the top of the stack. + + +

+The parameter from represents the coroutine that is resetting L. +If there is no such coroutine, +this parameter can be NULL. + + +

+(This function was introduced in release 5.4.6.) + + + + + +

lua_compare

+[-0, +0, e] +

int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op);
+ +

+Compares two Lua values. +Returns 1 if the value at index index1 satisfies op +when compared with the value at index index2, +following the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator +(that is, it may call metamethods). +Otherwise returns 0. +Also returns 0 if any of the indices is not valid. + + +

+The value of op must be one of the following constants: + +

    + +
  • LUA_OPEQ: compares for equality (==)
    • +
  • LUA_OPLT: compares for less than (<)
    • +
  • LUA_OPLE: compares for less or equal (<=)
    • + +
+ + + + +

lua_concat

+[-n, +1, e] +

void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n);
+ +

+Concatenates the n values at the top of the stack, +pops them, and leaves the result on the top. +If n is 1, the result is the single value on the stack +(that is, the function does nothing); +if n is 0, the result is the empty string. +Concatenation is performed following the usual semantics of Lua +(see §3.4.6). + + + + + +

lua_copy

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx);
+ +

+Copies the element at index fromidx +into the valid index toidx, +replacing the value at that position. +Values at other positions are not affected. + + + + + +

lua_createtable

+[-0, +1, m] +

void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);
+ +

+Creates a new empty table and pushes it onto the stack. +Parameter narr is a hint for how many elements the table +will have as a sequence; +parameter nrec is a hint for how many other elements +the table will have. +Lua may use these hints to preallocate memory for the new table. +This preallocation may help performance when you know in advance +how many elements the table will have. +Otherwise you can use the function lua_newtable. + + + + + +

lua_dump

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_dump (lua_State *L,
+                        lua_Writer writer,
+                        void *data,
+                        int strip);
+ +

+Dumps a function as a binary chunk. +Receives a Lua function on the top of the stack +and produces a binary chunk that, +if loaded again, +results in a function equivalent to the one dumped. +As it produces parts of the chunk, +lua_dump calls function writer (see lua_Writer) +with the given data +to write them. + + +

+If strip is true, +the binary representation may not include all debug information +about the function, +to save space. + + +

+The value returned is the error code returned by the last +call to the writer; +0 means no errors. + + +

+This function does not pop the Lua function from the stack. + + + + + +

lua_error

+[-1, +0, v] +

int lua_error (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Raises a Lua error, +using the value on the top of the stack as the error object. +This function does a long jump, +and therefore never returns +(see luaL_error). + + + + + +

lua_gc

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...);
+ +

+Controls the garbage collector. + + +

+This function performs several tasks, +according to the value of the parameter what. +For options that need extra arguments, +they are listed after the option. + +

    + +
  • LUA_GCCOLLECT: +Performs a full garbage-collection cycle. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCSTOP: +Stops the garbage collector. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCRESTART: +Restarts the garbage collector. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCCOUNT: +Returns the current amount of memory (in Kbytes) in use by Lua. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCCOUNTB: +Returns the remainder of dividing the current amount of bytes of +memory in use by Lua by 1024. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCSTEP (int stepsize): +Performs an incremental step of garbage collection, +corresponding to the allocation of stepsize Kbytes. +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCISRUNNING: +Returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running +(i.e., not stopped). +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCINC (int pause, int stepmul, stepsize): +Changes the collector to incremental mode +with the given parameters (see §2.5.1). +Returns the previous mode (LUA_GCGEN or LUA_GCINC). +
    • + +
  • LUA_GCGEN (int minormul, int majormul): +Changes the collector to generational mode +with the given parameters (see §2.5.2). +Returns the previous mode (LUA_GCGEN or LUA_GCINC). +
    • + +

+For more details about these options, +see collectgarbage. + + +

+This function should not be called by a finalizer. + + + + + +

lua_getallocf

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Alloc lua_getallocf (lua_State *L, void **ud);
+ +

+Returns the memory-allocation function of a given state. +If ud is not NULL, Lua stores in *ud the +opaque pointer given when the memory-allocator function was set. + + + + + +

lua_getfield

+[-0, +1, e] +

int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int index, const char *k);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k], +where t is the value at the given index. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "index" event (see §2.4). + + +

+Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

lua_getextraspace

+[-0, +0, –] +

void *lua_getextraspace (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns a pointer to a raw memory area associated with the +given Lua state. +The application can use this area for any purpose; +Lua does not use it for anything. + + +

+Each new thread has this area initialized with a copy +of the area of the main thread. + + +

+By default, this area has the size of a pointer to void, +but you can recompile Lua with a different size for this area. +(See LUA_EXTRASPACE in luaconf.h.) + + + + + +

lua_getglobal

+[-0, +1, e] +

int lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value of the global name. +Returns the type of that value. + + + + + +

lua_geti

+[-0, +1, e] +

int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer i);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[i], +where t is the value at the given index. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "index" event (see §2.4). + + +

+Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

lua_getmetatable

+[-0, +(0|1), –] +

int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+If the value at the given index has a metatable, +the function pushes that metatable onto the stack and returns 1. +Otherwise, +the function returns 0 and pushes nothing on the stack. + + + + + +

lua_gettable

+[-1, +1, e] +

int lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k], +where t is the value at the given index +and k is the value on the top of the stack. + + +

+This function pops the key from the stack, +pushing the resulting value in its place. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "index" event (see §2.4). + + +

+Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

lua_gettop

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_gettop (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the index of the top element in the stack. +Because indices start at 1, +this result is equal to the number of elements in the stack; +in particular, 0 means an empty stack. + + + + + +

lua_getiuservalue

+[-0, +1, –] +

int lua_getiuservalue (lua_State *L, int index, int n);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the n-th user value associated with the +full userdata at the given index and +returns the type of the pushed value. + + +

+If the userdata does not have that value, +pushes nil and returns LUA_TNONE. + + + + + +

lua_insert

+[-1, +1, –] +

void lua_insert (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Moves the top element into the given valid index, +shifting up the elements above this index to open space. +This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index, +because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position. + + + + + +

lua_Integer

+
typedef ... lua_Integer;
+ +

+The type of integers in Lua. + + +

+By default this type is long long, +(usually a 64-bit two-complement integer), +but that can be changed to long or int +(usually a 32-bit two-complement integer). +(See LUA_INT_TYPE in luaconf.h.) + + +

+Lua also defines the constants +LUA_MININTEGER and LUA_MAXINTEGER, +with the minimum and the maximum values that fit in this type. + + + + + +

lua_isboolean

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isboolean (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a boolean, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_iscfunction

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_iscfunction (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a C function, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isfunction

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isfunction (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a function +(either C or Lua), and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isinteger

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isinteger (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is an integer +(that is, the value is a number and is represented as an integer), +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_islightuserdata

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_islightuserdata (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a light userdata, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isnil

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isnil (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is nil, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isnone

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isnone (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the given index is not valid, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isnoneornil

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isnoneornil (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the given index is not valid +or if the value at this index is nil, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isnumber

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isnumber (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a number +or a string convertible to a number, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isstring

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isstring (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a string +or a number (which is always convertible to a string), +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_istable

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_istable (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a table, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isthread

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isthread (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a thread, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isuserdata

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isuserdata (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is a userdata +(either full or light), and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_isyieldable

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_isyieldable (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the given coroutine can yield, +and 0 otherwise. + + + + + +

lua_KContext

+
typedef ... lua_KContext;
+ +

+The type for continuation-function contexts. +It must be a numeric type. +This type is defined as intptr_t +when intptr_t is available, +so that it can store pointers too. +Otherwise, it is defined as ptrdiff_t. + + + + + +

lua_KFunction

+
typedef int (*lua_KFunction) (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext ctx);
+ +

+Type for continuation functions (see §4.5). + + + + + +

lua_len

+[-0, +1, e] +

void lua_len (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns the length of the value at the given index. +It is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.7) and +may trigger a metamethod for the "length" event (see §2.4). +The result is pushed on the stack. + + + + + +

lua_load

+[-0, +1, –] +

int lua_load (lua_State *L,
+              lua_Reader reader,
+              void *data,
+              const char *chunkname,
+              const char *mode);
+ +

+Loads a Lua chunk without running it. +If there are no errors, +lua_load pushes the compiled chunk as a Lua +function on top of the stack. +Otherwise, it pushes an error message. + + +

+The lua_load function uses a user-supplied reader function +to read the chunk (see lua_Reader). +The data argument is an opaque value passed to the reader function. + + +

+The chunkname argument gives a name to the chunk, +which is used for error messages and in debug information (see §4.7). + + +

+lua_load automatically detects whether the chunk is text or binary +and loads it accordingly (see program luac). +The string mode works as in function load, +with the addition that +a NULL value is equivalent to the string "bt". + + +

+lua_load uses the stack internally, +so the reader function must always leave the stack +unmodified when returning. + + +

+lua_load can return +LUA_OK, LUA_ERRSYNTAX, or LUA_ERRMEM. +The function may also return other values corresponding to +errors raised by the read function (see §4.4.1). + + +

+If the resulting function has upvalues, +its first upvalue is set to the value of the global environment +stored at index LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS in the registry (see §4.3). +When loading main chunks, +this upvalue will be the _ENV variable (see §2.2). +Other upvalues are initialized with nil. + + + + + +

lua_newstate

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
+ +

+Creates a new independent state and returns its main thread. +Returns NULL if it cannot create the state +(due to lack of memory). +The argument f is the allocator function; +Lua will do all memory allocation for this state +through this function (see lua_Alloc). +The second argument, ud, is an opaque pointer that Lua +passes to the allocator in every call. + + + + + +

lua_newtable

+[-0, +1, m] +

void lua_newtable (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Creates a new empty table and pushes it onto the stack. +It is equivalent to lua_createtable(L, 0, 0). + + + + + +

lua_newthread

+[-0, +1, m] +

lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Creates a new thread, pushes it on the stack, +and returns a pointer to a lua_State that represents this new thread. +The new thread returned by this function shares with the original thread +its global environment, +but has an independent execution stack. + + +

+Threads are subject to garbage collection, +like any Lua object. + + + + + +

lua_newuserdatauv

+[-0, +1, m] +

void *lua_newuserdatauv (lua_State *L, size_t size, int nuvalue);
+ +

+This function creates and pushes on the stack a new full userdata, +with nuvalue associated Lua values, called user values, +plus an associated block of raw memory with size bytes. +(The user values can be set and read with the functions +lua_setiuservalue and lua_getiuservalue.) + + +

+The function returns the address of the block of memory. +Lua ensures that this address is valid as long as +the corresponding userdata is alive (see §2.5). +Moreover, if the userdata is marked for finalization (see §2.5.3), +its address is valid at least until the call to its finalizer. + + + + + +

lua_next

+[-1, +(2|0), v] +

int lua_next (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Pops a key from the stack, +and pushes a key–value pair from the table at the given index, +the "next" pair after the given key. +If there are no more elements in the table, +then lua_next returns 0 and pushes nothing. + + +

+A typical table traversal looks like this: + +

+     /* table is in the stack at index 't' */
+     lua_pushnil(L);  /* first key */
+     while (lua_next(L, t) != 0) {
+       /* uses 'key' (at index -2) and 'value' (at index -1) */
+       printf("%s - %s\n",
+              lua_typename(L, lua_type(L, -2)),
+              lua_typename(L, lua_type(L, -1)));
+       /* removes 'value'; keeps 'key' for next iteration */
+       lua_pop(L, 1);
+     }
+
+ +

+While traversing a table, +avoid calling lua_tolstring directly on a key, +unless you know that the key is actually a string. +Recall that lua_tolstring may change +the value at the given index; +this confuses the next call to lua_next. + + +

+This function may raise an error if the given key +is neither nil nor present in the table. +See function next for the caveats of modifying +the table during its traversal. + + + + + +

lua_Number

+
typedef ... lua_Number;
+ +

+The type of floats in Lua. + + +

+By default this type is double, +but that can be changed to a single float or a long double. +(See LUA_FLOAT_TYPE in luaconf.h.) + + + + + +

lua_numbertointeger

+
int lua_numbertointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p);
+ +

+Tries to convert a Lua float to a Lua integer; +the float n must have an integral value. +If that value is within the range of Lua integers, +it is converted to an integer and assigned to *p. +The macro results in a boolean indicating whether the +conversion was successful. +(Note that this range test can be tricky to do +correctly without this macro, due to rounding.) + + +

+This macro may evaluate its arguments more than once. + + + + + +

lua_pcall

+[-(nargs + 1), +(nresults|1), –] +

int lua_pcall (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int msgh);
+ +

+Calls a function (or a callable object) in protected mode. + + +

+Both nargs and nresults have the same meaning as +in lua_call. +If there are no errors during the call, +lua_pcall behaves exactly like lua_call. +However, if there is any error, +lua_pcall catches it, +pushes a single value on the stack (the error object), +and returns an error code. +Like lua_call, +lua_pcall always removes the function +and its arguments from the stack. + + +

+If msgh is 0, +then the error object returned on the stack +is exactly the original error object. +Otherwise, msgh is the stack index of a +message handler. +(This index cannot be a pseudo-index.) +In case of runtime errors, +this handler will be called with the error object +and its return value will be the object +returned on the stack by lua_pcall. + + +

+Typically, the message handler is used to add more debug +information to the error object, such as a stack traceback. +Such information cannot be gathered after the return of lua_pcall, +since by then the stack has unwound. + + +

+The lua_pcall function returns one of the following status codes: +LUA_OK, LUA_ERRRUN, LUA_ERRMEM, or LUA_ERRERR. + + + + + +

lua_pcallk

+[-(nargs + 1), +(nresults|1), –] +

int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L,
+                int nargs,
+                int nresults,
+                int msgh,
+                lua_KContext ctx,
+                lua_KFunction k);
+ +

+This function behaves exactly like lua_pcall, +except that it allows the called function to yield (see §4.5). + + + + + +

lua_pop

+[-n, +0, e] +

void lua_pop (lua_State *L, int n);
+ +

+Pops n elements from the stack. +It is implemented as a macro over lua_settop. + + + + + +

lua_pushboolean

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b);
+ +

+Pushes a boolean value with value b onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushcclosure

+[-n, +1, m] +

void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n);
+ +

+Pushes a new C closure onto the stack. +This function receives a pointer to a C function +and pushes onto the stack a Lua value of type function that, +when called, invokes the corresponding C function. +The parameter n tells how many upvalues this function will have +(see §4.2). + + +

+Any function to be callable by Lua must +follow the correct protocol to receive its parameters +and return its results (see lua_CFunction). + + +

+When a C function is created, +it is possible to associate some values with it, +the so called upvalues; +these upvalues are then accessible to the function whenever it is called. +This association is called a C closure (see §4.2). +To create a C closure, +first the initial values for its upvalues must be pushed onto the stack. +(When there are multiple upvalues, the first value is pushed first.) +Then lua_pushcclosure +is called to create and push the C function onto the stack, +with the argument n telling how many values will be +associated with the function. +lua_pushcclosure also pops these values from the stack. + + +

+The maximum value for n is 255. + + +

+When n is zero, +this function creates a light C function, +which is just a pointer to the C function. +In that case, it never raises a memory error. + + + + + +

lua_pushcfunction

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushcfunction (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction f);
+ +

+Pushes a C function onto the stack. +This function is equivalent to lua_pushcclosure with no upvalues. + + + + + +

lua_pushfstring

+[-0, +1, v] +

const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack a formatted string +and returns a pointer to this string (see §4.1.3). +It is similar to the ISO C function sprintf, +but has two important differences. +First, +you do not have to allocate space for the result; +the result is a Lua string and Lua takes care of memory allocation +(and deallocation, through garbage collection). +Second, +the conversion specifiers are quite restricted. +There are no flags, widths, or precisions. +The conversion specifiers can only be +'%%' (inserts the character '%'), +'%s' (inserts a zero-terminated string, with no size restrictions), +'%f' (inserts a lua_Number), +'%I' (inserts a lua_Integer), +'%p' (inserts a pointer), +'%d' (inserts an int), +'%c' (inserts an int as a one-byte character), and +'%U' (inserts a long int as a UTF-8 byte sequence). + + +

+This function may raise errors due to memory overflow +or an invalid conversion specifier. + + + + + +

lua_pushglobaltable

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushglobaltable (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Pushes the global environment onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushinteger

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n);
+ +

+Pushes an integer with value n onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushlightuserdata

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p);
+ +

+Pushes a light userdata onto the stack. + + +

+Userdata represent C values in Lua. +A light userdata represents a pointer, a void*. +It is a value (like a number): +you do not create it, it has no individual metatable, +and it is not collected (as it was never created). +A light userdata is equal to "any" +light userdata with the same C address. + + + + + +

lua_pushliteral

+[-0, +1, m] +

const char *lua_pushliteral (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+ +

+This macro is equivalent to lua_pushstring, +but should be used only when s is a literal string. +(Lua may optimize this case.) + + + + + +

lua_pushlstring

+[-0, +1, m] +

const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len);
+ +

+Pushes the string pointed to by s with size len +onto the stack. +Lua will make or reuse an internal copy of the given string, +so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after +the function returns. +The string can contain any binary data, +including embedded zeros. + + +

+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string (see §4.1.3). + + + + + +

lua_pushnil

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Pushes a nil value onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushnumber

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n);
+ +

+Pushes a float with value n onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushstring

+[-0, +1, m] +

const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+ +

+Pushes the zero-terminated string pointed to by s +onto the stack. +Lua will make or reuse an internal copy of the given string, +so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after +the function returns. + + +

+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string (see §4.1.3). + + +

+If s is NULL, pushes nil and returns NULL. + + + + + +

lua_pushthread

+[-0, +1, –] +

int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Pushes the thread represented by L onto the stack. +Returns 1 if this thread is the main thread of its state. + + + + + +

lua_pushvalue

+[-0, +1, –] +

void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Pushes a copy of the element at the given index +onto the stack. + + + + + +

lua_pushvfstring

+[-0, +1, v] +

const char *lua_pushvfstring (lua_State *L,
+                              const char *fmt,
+                              va_list argp);
+ +

+Equivalent to lua_pushfstring, except that it receives a va_list +instead of a variable number of arguments. + + + + + +

lua_rawequal

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2);
+ +

+Returns 1 if the two values in indices index1 and +index2 are primitively equal +(that is, equal without calling the __eq metamethod). +Otherwise returns 0. +Also returns 0 if any of the indices are not valid. + + + + + +

lua_rawget

+[-1, +1, –] +

int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Similar to lua_gettable, but does a raw access +(i.e., without metamethods). +The value at index must be a table. + + + + + +

lua_rawgeti

+[-0, +1, –] +

int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer n);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[n], +where t is the table at the given index. +The access is raw, +that is, it does not use the __index metavalue. + + +

+Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

lua_rawgetp

+[-0, +1, –] +

int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k], +where t is the table at the given index and +k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata. +The access is raw; +that is, it does not use the __index metavalue. + + +

+Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

lua_rawlen

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Unsigned lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns the raw "length" of the value at the given index: +for strings, this is the string length; +for tables, this is the result of the length operator ('#') +with no metamethods; +for userdata, this is the size of the block of memory allocated +for the userdata. +For other values, this call returns 0. + + + + + +

lua_rawset

+[-2, +0, m] +

void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Similar to lua_settable, but does a raw assignment +(i.e., without metamethods). +The value at index must be a table. + + + + + +

lua_rawseti

+[-1, +0, m] +

void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer i);
+ +

+Does the equivalent of t[i] = v, +where t is the table at the given index +and v is the value on the top of the stack. + + +

+This function pops the value from the stack. +The assignment is raw, +that is, it does not use the __newindex metavalue. + + + + + +

lua_rawsetp

+[-1, +0, m] +

void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);
+ +

+Does the equivalent of t[p] = v, +where t is the table at the given index, +p is encoded as a light userdata, +and v is the value on the top of the stack. + + +

+This function pops the value from the stack. +The assignment is raw, +that is, it does not use the __newindex metavalue. + + + + + +

lua_Reader

+
typedef const char * (*lua_Reader) (lua_State *L,
+                                    void *data,
+                                    size_t *size);
+ +

+The reader function used by lua_load. +Every time lua_load needs another piece of the chunk, +it calls the reader, +passing along its data parameter. +The reader must return a pointer to a block of memory +with a new piece of the chunk +and set size to the block size. +The block must exist until the reader function is called again. +To signal the end of the chunk, +the reader must return NULL or set size to zero. +The reader function may return pieces of any size greater than zero. + + + + + +

lua_register

+[-0, +0, e] +

void lua_register (lua_State *L, const char *name, lua_CFunction f);
+ +

+Sets the C function f as the new value of global name. +It is defined as a macro: + +

+     #define lua_register(L,n,f) \
+            (lua_pushcfunction(L, f), lua_setglobal(L, n))
+
+ + + + +

lua_remove

+[-1, +0, –] +

void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Removes the element at the given valid index, +shifting down the elements above this index to fill the gap. +This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index, +because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position. + + + + + +

lua_replace

+[-1, +0, –] +

void lua_replace (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Moves the top element into the given valid index +without shifting any element +(therefore replacing the value at that given index), +and then pops the top element. + + + + + +

lua_resetthread

+[-0, +?, –] +

int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L);
+ +

+This function is deprecated; +it is equivalent to lua_closethread with +from being NULL. + + + + + +

lua_resume

+[-?, +?, –] +

int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs,
+                          int *nresults);
+ +

+Starts and resumes a coroutine in the given thread L. + + +

+To start a coroutine, +you push the main function plus any arguments +onto the empty stack of the thread. +then you call lua_resume, +with nargs being the number of arguments. +This call returns when the coroutine suspends or finishes its execution. +When it returns, +*nresults is updated and +the top of the stack contains +the *nresults values passed to lua_yield +or returned by the body function. +lua_resume returns +LUA_YIELD if the coroutine yields, +LUA_OK if the coroutine finishes its execution +without errors, +or an error code in case of errors (see §4.4.1). +In case of errors, +the error object is on the top of the stack. + + +

+To resume a coroutine, +you remove the *nresults yielded values from its stack, +push the values to be passed as results from yield, +and then call lua_resume. + + +

+The parameter from represents the coroutine that is resuming L. +If there is no such coroutine, +this parameter can be NULL. + + + + + +

lua_rotate

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_rotate (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
+ +

+Rotates the stack elements between the valid index idx +and the top of the stack. +The elements are rotated n positions in the direction of the top, +for a positive n, +or -n positions in the direction of the bottom, +for a negative n. +The absolute value of n must not be greater than the size +of the slice being rotated. +This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index, +because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position. + + + + + +

lua_setallocf

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
+ +

+Changes the allocator function of a given state to f +with user data ud. + + + + + +

lua_setfield

+[-1, +0, e] +

void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int index, const char *k);
+ +

+Does the equivalent to t[k] = v, +where t is the value at the given index +and v is the value on the top of the stack. + + +

+This function pops the value from the stack. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "newindex" event (see §2.4). + + + + + +

lua_setglobal

+[-1, +0, e] +

void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name);
+ +

+Pops a value from the stack and +sets it as the new value of global name. + + + + + +

lua_seti

+[-1, +0, e] +

void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer n);
+ +

+Does the equivalent to t[n] = v, +where t is the value at the given index +and v is the value on the top of the stack. + + +

+This function pops the value from the stack. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "newindex" event (see §2.4). + + + + + +

lua_setiuservalue

+[-1, +0, –] +

int lua_setiuservalue (lua_State *L, int index, int n);
+ +

+Pops a value from the stack and sets it as +the new n-th user value associated to the +full userdata at the given index. +Returns 0 if the userdata does not have that value. + + + + + +

lua_setmetatable

+[-1, +0, –] +

int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Pops a table or nil from the stack and +sets that value as the new metatable for the value at the given index. +(nil means no metatable.) + + +

+(For historical reasons, this function returns an int, +which now is always 1.) + + + + + +

lua_settable

+[-2, +0, e] +

void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Does the equivalent to t[k] = v, +where t is the value at the given index, +v is the value on the top of the stack, +and k is the value just below the top. + + +

+This function pops both the key and the value from the stack. +As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod +for the "newindex" event (see §2.4). + + + + + +

lua_settop

+[-?, +?, e] +

void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Accepts any index, or 0, +and sets the stack top to this index. +If the new top is greater than the old one, +then the new elements are filled with nil. +If index is 0, then all stack elements are removed. + + +

+This function can run arbitrary code when removing an index +marked as to-be-closed from the stack. + + + + + +

lua_setwarnf

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_setwarnf (lua_State *L, lua_WarnFunction f, void *ud);
+ +

+Sets the warning function to be used by Lua to emit warnings +(see lua_WarnFunction). +The ud parameter sets the value ud passed to +the warning function. + + + + + +

lua_State

+
typedef struct lua_State lua_State;
+ +

+An opaque structure that points to a thread and indirectly +(through the thread) to the whole state of a Lua interpreter. +The Lua library is fully reentrant: +it has no global variables. +All information about a state is accessible through this structure. + + +

+A pointer to this structure must be passed as the first argument to +every function in the library, except to lua_newstate, +which creates a Lua state from scratch. + + + + + +

lua_status

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_status (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the status of the thread L. + + +

+The status can be LUA_OK for a normal thread, +an error code if the thread finished the execution +of a lua_resume with an error, +or LUA_YIELD if the thread is suspended. + + +

+You can call functions only in threads with status LUA_OK. +You can resume threads with status LUA_OK +(to start a new coroutine) or LUA_YIELD +(to resume a coroutine). + + + + + +

lua_stringtonumber

+[-0, +1, –] +

size_t lua_stringtonumber (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+ +

+Converts the zero-terminated string s to a number, +pushes that number into the stack, +and returns the total size of the string, +that is, its length plus one. +The conversion can result in an integer or a float, +according to the lexical conventions of Lua (see §3.1). +The string may have leading and trailing whitespaces and a sign. +If the string is not a valid numeral, +returns 0 and pushes nothing. +(Note that the result can be used as a boolean, +true if the conversion succeeds.) + + + + + +

lua_toboolean

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C boolean +value (0 or 1). +Like all tests in Lua, +lua_toboolean returns true for any Lua value +different from false and nil; +otherwise it returns false. +(If you want to accept only actual boolean values, +use lua_isboolean to test the value's type.) + + + + + +

lua_tocfunction

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Converts a value at the given index to a C function. +That value must be a C function; +otherwise, returns NULL. + + + + + +

lua_toclose

+[-0, +0, m] +

void lua_toclose (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Marks the given index in the stack as a +to-be-closed slot (see §3.3.8). +Like a to-be-closed variable in Lua, +the value at that slot in the stack will be closed +when it goes out of scope. +Here, in the context of a C function, +to go out of scope means that the running function returns to Lua, +or there is an error, +or the slot is removed from the stack through +lua_settop or lua_pop, +or there is a call to lua_closeslot. +A slot marked as to-be-closed should not be removed from the stack +by any other function in the API except lua_settop or lua_pop, +unless previously deactivated by lua_closeslot. + + +

+This function should not be called for an index +that is equal to or below an active to-be-closed slot. + + +

+Note that, both in case of errors and of a regular return, +by the time the __close metamethod runs, +the C stack was already unwound, +so that any automatic C variable declared in the calling function +(e.g., a buffer) will be out of scope. + + + + + +

lua_tointeger

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Integer lua_tointeger (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Equivalent to lua_tointegerx with isnum equal to NULL. + + + + + +

lua_tointegerx

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);
+ +

+Converts the Lua value at the given index +to the signed integral type lua_Integer. +The Lua value must be an integer, +or a number or string convertible to an integer (see §3.4.3); +otherwise, lua_tointegerx returns 0. + + +

+If isnum is not NULL, +its referent is assigned a boolean value that +indicates whether the operation succeeded. + + + + + +

lua_tolstring

+[-0, +0, m] +

const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int index, size_t *len);
+ +

+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C string. +If len is not NULL, +it sets *len with the string length. +The Lua value must be a string or a number; +otherwise, the function returns NULL. +If the value is a number, +then lua_tolstring also +changes the actual value in the stack to a string. +(This change confuses lua_next +when lua_tolstring is applied to keys during a table traversal.) + + +

+lua_tolstring returns a pointer +to a string inside the Lua state (see §4.1.3). +This string always has a zero ('\0') +after its last character (as in C), +but can contain other zeros in its body. + + + + + +

lua_tonumber

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Number lua_tonumber (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Equivalent to lua_tonumberx with isnum equal to NULL. + + + + + +

lua_tonumberx

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);
+ +

+Converts the Lua value at the given index +to the C type lua_Number (see lua_Number). +The Lua value must be a number or a string convertible to a number +(see §3.4.3); +otherwise, lua_tonumberx returns 0. + + +

+If isnum is not NULL, +its referent is assigned a boolean value that +indicates whether the operation succeeded. + + + + + +

lua_topointer

+[-0, +0, –] +

const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Converts the value at the given index to a generic +C pointer (void*). +The value can be a userdata, a table, a thread, a string, or a function; +otherwise, lua_topointer returns NULL. +Different objects will give different pointers. +There is no way to convert the pointer back to its original value. + + +

+Typically this function is used only for hashing and debug information. + + + + + +

lua_tostring

+[-0, +0, m] +

const char *lua_tostring (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Equivalent to lua_tolstring with len equal to NULL. + + + + + +

lua_tothread

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Converts the value at the given index to a Lua thread +(represented as lua_State*). +This value must be a thread; +otherwise, the function returns NULL. + + + + + +

lua_touserdata

+[-0, +0, –] +

void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+If the value at the given index is a full userdata, +returns its memory-block address. +If the value is a light userdata, +returns its value (a pointer). +Otherwise, returns NULL. + + + + + +

lua_type

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_type (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns the type of the value in the given valid index, +or LUA_TNONE for a non-valid but acceptable index. +The types returned by lua_type are coded by the following constants +defined in lua.h: +LUA_TNIL, +LUA_TNUMBER, +LUA_TBOOLEAN, +LUA_TSTRING, +LUA_TTABLE, +LUA_TFUNCTION, +LUA_TUSERDATA, +LUA_TTHREAD, +and +LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA. + + + + + +

lua_typename

+[-0, +0, –] +

const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int tp);
+ +

+Returns the name of the type encoded by the value tp, +which must be one the values returned by lua_type. + + + + + +

lua_Unsigned

+
typedef ... lua_Unsigned;
+ +

+The unsigned version of lua_Integer. + + + + + +

lua_upvalueindex

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_upvalueindex (int i);
+ +

+Returns the pseudo-index that represents the i-th upvalue of +the running function (see §4.2). +i must be in the range [1,256]. + + + + + +

lua_version

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Number lua_version (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the version number of this core. + + + + + +

lua_WarnFunction

+
typedef void (*lua_WarnFunction) (void *ud, const char *msg, int tocont);
+ +

+The type of warning functions, called by Lua to emit warnings. +The first parameter is an opaque pointer +set by lua_setwarnf. +The second parameter is the warning message. +The third parameter is a boolean that +indicates whether the message is +to be continued by the message in the next call. + + +

+See warn for more details about warnings. + + + + + +

lua_warning

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont);
+ +

+Emits a warning with the given message. +A message in a call with tocont true should be +continued in another call to this function. + + +

+See warn for more details about warnings. + + + + + +

lua_Writer

+
typedef int (*lua_Writer) (lua_State *L,
+                           const void* p,
+                           size_t sz,
+                           void* ud);
+ +

+The type of the writer function used by lua_dump. +Every time lua_dump produces another piece of chunk, +it calls the writer, +passing along the buffer to be written (p), +its size (sz), +and the ud parameter supplied to lua_dump. + + +

+The writer returns an error code: +0 means no errors; +any other value means an error and stops lua_dump from +calling the writer again. + + + + + +

lua_xmove

+[-?, +?, –] +

void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n);
+ +

+Exchange values between different threads of the same state. + + +

+This function pops n values from the stack from, +and pushes them onto the stack to. + + + + + +

lua_yield

+[-?, +?, v] +

int lua_yield (lua_State *L, int nresults);
+ +

+This function is equivalent to lua_yieldk, +but it has no continuation (see §4.5). +Therefore, when the thread resumes, +it continues the function that called +the function calling lua_yield. +To avoid surprises, +this function should be called only in a tail call. + + + + + +

lua_yieldk

+[-?, +?, v] +

int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L,
+                int nresults,
+                lua_KContext ctx,
+                lua_KFunction k);
+ +

+Yields a coroutine (thread). + + +

+When a C function calls lua_yieldk, +the running coroutine suspends its execution, +and the call to lua_resume that started this coroutine returns. +The parameter nresults is the number of values from the stack +that will be passed as results to lua_resume. + + +

+When the coroutine is resumed again, +Lua calls the given continuation function k to continue +the execution of the C function that yielded (see §4.5). +This continuation function receives the same stack +from the previous function, +with the n results removed and +replaced by the arguments passed to lua_resume. +Moreover, +the continuation function receives the value ctx +that was passed to lua_yieldk. + + +

+Usually, this function does not return; +when the coroutine eventually resumes, +it continues executing the continuation function. +However, there is one special case, +which is when this function is called +from inside a line or a count hook (see §4.7). +In that case, lua_yieldk should be called with no continuation +(probably in the form of lua_yield) and no results, +and the hook should return immediately after the call. +Lua will yield and, +when the coroutine resumes again, +it will continue the normal execution +of the (Lua) function that triggered the hook. + + +

+This function can raise an error if it is called from a thread +with a pending C call with no continuation function +(what is called a C-call boundary), +or it is called from a thread that is not running inside a resume +(typically the main thread). + + + + + + + +

4.7 – The Debug Interface

+ +

+Lua has no built-in debugging facilities. +Instead, it offers a special interface +by means of functions and hooks. +This interface allows the construction of different +kinds of debuggers, profilers, and other tools +that need "inside information" from the interpreter. + + + +

lua_Debug

+
typedef struct lua_Debug {
+  int event;
+  const char *name;           /* (n) */
+  const char *namewhat;       /* (n) */
+  const char *what;           /* (S) */
+  const char *source;         /* (S) */
+  size_t srclen;              /* (S) */
+  int currentline;            /* (l) */
+  int linedefined;            /* (S) */
+  int lastlinedefined;        /* (S) */
+  unsigned char nups;         /* (u) number of upvalues */
+  unsigned char nparams;      /* (u) number of parameters */
+  char isvararg;              /* (u) */
+  char istailcall;            /* (t) */
+  unsigned short ftransfer;   /* (r) index of first value transferred */
+  unsigned short ntransfer;   /* (r) number of transferred values */
+  char short_src[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* (S) */
+  /* private part */
+  other fields
+} lua_Debug;
+ +

+A structure used to carry different pieces of +information about a function or an activation record. +lua_getstack fills only the private part +of this structure, for later use. +To fill the other fields of lua_Debug with useful information, +you must call lua_getinfo with an appropriate parameter. +(Specifically, to get a field, +you must add the letter between parentheses in the field's comment +to the parameter what of lua_getinfo.) + + +

+The fields of lua_Debug have the following meaning: + +

    + +
  • source: +the source of the chunk that created the function. +If source starts with a '@', +it means that the function was defined in a file where +the file name follows the '@'. +If source starts with a '=', +the remainder of its contents describes the source in a user-dependent manner. +Otherwise, +the function was defined in a string where +source is that string. +
    • + +
  • srclen: +The length of the string source. +
    • + +
  • short_src: +a "printable" version of source, to be used in error messages. +
    • + +
  • linedefined: +the line number where the definition of the function starts. +
    • + +
  • lastlinedefined: +the line number where the definition of the function ends. +
    • + +
  • what: +the string "Lua" if the function is a Lua function, +"C" if it is a C function, +"main" if it is the main part of a chunk. +
    • + +
  • currentline: +the current line where the given function is executing. +When no line information is available, +currentline is set to -1. +
    • + +
  • name: +a reasonable name for the given function. +Because functions in Lua are first-class values, +they do not have a fixed name: +some functions can be the value of multiple global variables, +while others can be stored only in a table field. +The lua_getinfo function checks how the function was +called to find a suitable name. +If it cannot find a name, +then name is set to NULL. +
    • + +
  • namewhat: +explains the name field. +The value of namewhat can be +"global", "local", "method", +"field", "upvalue", or "" (the empty string), +according to how the function was called. +(Lua uses the empty string when no other option seems to apply.) +
    • + +
  • istailcall: +true if this function invocation was called by a tail call. +In this case, the caller of this level is not in the stack. +
    • + +
  • nups: +the number of upvalues of the function. +
    • + +
  • nparams: +the number of parameters of the function +(always 0 for C functions). +
    • + +
  • isvararg: +true if the function is a variadic function +(always true for C functions). +
    • + +
  • ftransfer: +the index in the stack of the first value being "transferred", +that is, parameters in a call or return values in a return. +(The other values are in consecutive indices.) +Using this index, you can access and modify these values +through lua_getlocal and lua_setlocal. +This field is only meaningful during a +call hook, denoting the first parameter, +or a return hook, denoting the first value being returned. +(For call hooks, this value is always 1.) +
    • + +
  • ntransfer: +The number of values being transferred (see previous item). +(For calls of Lua functions, +this value is always equal to nparams.) +
    • + +
+ + + + +

lua_gethook

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_Hook lua_gethook (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the current hook function. + + + + + +

lua_gethookcount

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the current hook count. + + + + + +

lua_gethookmask

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_gethookmask (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Returns the current hook mask. + + + + + +

lua_getinfo

+[-(0|1), +(0|1|2), m] +

int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar);
+ +

+Gets information about a specific function or function invocation. + + +

+To get information about a function invocation, +the parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was +filled by a previous call to lua_getstack or +given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook). + + +

+To get information about a function, you push it onto the stack +and start the what string with the character '>'. +(In that case, +lua_getinfo pops the function from the top of the stack.) +For instance, to know in which line a function f was defined, +you can write the following code: + +

+     lua_Debug ar;
+     lua_getglobal(L, "f");  /* get global 'f' */
+     lua_getinfo(L, ">S", &ar);
+     printf("%d\n", ar.linedefined);
+
+ +

+Each character in the string what +selects some fields of the structure ar to be filled or +a value to be pushed on the stack. +(These characters are also documented in the declaration of +the structure lua_Debug, +between parentheses in the comments following each field.) + +

    + +
  • 'f': +pushes onto the stack the function that is +running at the given level; +
    • + +
  • 'l': fills in the field currentline; +
    • + +
  • 'n': fills in the fields name and namewhat; +
    • + +
  • 'r': fills in the fields ftransfer and ntransfer; +
    • + +
  • 'S': +fills in the fields source, short_src, +linedefined, lastlinedefined, and what; +
    • + +
  • 't': fills in the field istailcall; +
    • + +
  • 'u': fills in the fields +nups, nparams, and isvararg; +
    • + +
  • 'L': +pushes onto the stack a table whose indices are +the lines on the function with some associated code, +that is, the lines where you can put a break point. +(Lines with no code include empty lines and comments.) +If this option is given together with option 'f', +its table is pushed after the function. +This is the only option that can raise a memory error. +
    • + +
+ +

+This function returns 0 to signal an invalid option in what; +even then the valid options are handled correctly. + + + + + +

lua_getlocal

+[-0, +(0|1), –] +

const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+ +

+Gets information about a local variable or a temporary value +of a given activation record or a given function. + + +

+In the first case, +the parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was +filled by a previous call to lua_getstack or +given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook). +The index n selects which local variable to inspect; +see debug.getlocal for details about variable indices +and names. + + +

+lua_getlocal pushes the variable's value onto the stack +and returns its name. + + +

+In the second case, ar must be NULL and the function +to be inspected must be on the top of the stack. +In this case, only parameters of Lua functions are visible +(as there is no information about what variables are active) +and no values are pushed onto the stack. + + +

+Returns NULL (and pushes nothing) +when the index is greater than +the number of active local variables. + + + + + +

lua_getstack

+[-0, +0, –] +

int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar);
+ +

+Gets information about the interpreter runtime stack. + + +

+This function fills parts of a lua_Debug structure with +an identification of the activation record +of the function executing at a given level. +Level 0 is the current running function, +whereas level n+1 is the function that has called level n +(except for tail calls, which do not count in the stack). +When called with a level greater than the stack depth, +lua_getstack returns 0; +otherwise it returns 1. + + + + + +

lua_getupvalue

+[-0, +(0|1), –] +

const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+ +

+Gets information about the n-th upvalue +of the closure at index funcindex. +It pushes the upvalue's value onto the stack +and returns its name. +Returns NULL (and pushes nothing) +when the index n is greater than the number of upvalues. + + +

+See debug.getupvalue for more information about upvalues. + + + + + +

lua_Hook

+
typedef void (*lua_Hook) (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar);
+ +

+Type for debugging hook functions. + + +

+Whenever a hook is called, its ar argument has its field +event set to the specific event that triggered the hook. +Lua identifies these events with the following constants: +LUA_HOOKCALL, LUA_HOOKRET, +LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, LUA_HOOKLINE, +and LUA_HOOKCOUNT. +Moreover, for line events, the field currentline is also set. +To get the value of any other field in ar, +the hook must call lua_getinfo. + + +

+For call events, event can be LUA_HOOKCALL, +the normal value, or LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, for a tail call; +in this case, there will be no corresponding return event. + + +

+While Lua is running a hook, it disables other calls to hooks. +Therefore, if a hook calls back Lua to execute a function or a chunk, +this execution occurs without any calls to hooks. + + +

+Hook functions cannot have continuations, +that is, they cannot call lua_yieldk, +lua_pcallk, or lua_callk with a non-null k. + + +

+Hook functions can yield under the following conditions: +Only count and line events can yield; +to yield, a hook function must finish its execution +calling lua_yield with nresults equal to zero +(that is, with no values). + + + + + +

lua_sethook

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook f, int mask, int count);
+ +

+Sets the debugging hook function. + + +

+Argument f is the hook function. +mask specifies on which events the hook will be called: +it is formed by a bitwise OR of the constants +LUA_MASKCALL, +LUA_MASKRET, +LUA_MASKLINE, +and LUA_MASKCOUNT. +The count argument is only meaningful when the mask +includes LUA_MASKCOUNT. +For each event, the hook is called as explained below: + +

    + +
  • The call hook: is called when the interpreter calls a function. +The hook is called just after Lua enters the new function. +
    • + +
  • The return hook: is called when the interpreter returns from a function. +The hook is called just before Lua leaves the function. +
    • + +
  • The line hook: is called when the interpreter is about to +start the execution of a new line of code, +or when it jumps back in the code (even to the same line). +This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function. +
    • + +
  • The count hook: is called after the interpreter executes every +count instructions. +This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function. +
    • + +
+ +

+Hooks are disabled by setting mask to zero. + + + + + +

lua_setlocal

+[-(0|1), +0, –] +

const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+ +

+Sets the value of a local variable of a given activation record. +It assigns the value on the top of the stack +to the variable and returns its name. +It also pops the value from the stack. + + +

+Returns NULL (and pops nothing) +when the index is greater than +the number of active local variables. + + +

+Parameters ar and n are as in the function lua_getlocal. + + + + + +

lua_setupvalue

+[-(0|1), +0, –] +

const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+ +

+Sets the value of a closure's upvalue. +It assigns the value on the top of the stack +to the upvalue and returns its name. +It also pops the value from the stack. + + +

+Returns NULL (and pops nothing) +when the index n is greater than the number of upvalues. + + +

+Parameters funcindex and n are as in +the function lua_getupvalue. + + + + + +

lua_upvalueid

+[-0, +0, –] +

void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+ +

+Returns a unique identifier for the upvalue numbered n +from the closure at index funcindex. + + +

+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different +closures share upvalues. +Lua closures that share an upvalue +(that is, that access a same external local variable) +will return identical ids for those upvalue indices. + + +

+Parameters funcindex and n are as in +the function lua_getupvalue, +but n cannot be greater than the number of upvalues. + + + + + +

lua_upvaluejoin

+[-0, +0, –] +

void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int funcindex1, int n1,
+                                    int funcindex2, int n2);
+ +

+Make the n1-th upvalue of the Lua closure at index funcindex1 +refer to the n2-th upvalue of the Lua closure at index funcindex2. + + + + + + + +

5 – The Auxiliary Library

+ + + +

+ +The auxiliary library provides several convenient functions +to interface C with Lua. +While the basic API provides the primitive functions for all +interactions between C and Lua, +the auxiliary library provides higher-level functions for some +common tasks. + + +

+All functions and types from the auxiliary library +are defined in header file lauxlib.h and +have a prefix luaL_. + + +

+All functions in the auxiliary library are built on +top of the basic API, +and so they provide nothing that cannot be done with that API. +Nevertheless, the use of the auxiliary library ensures +more consistency to your code. + + +

+Several functions in the auxiliary library use internally some +extra stack slots. +When a function in the auxiliary library uses less than five slots, +it does not check the stack size; +it simply assumes that there are enough slots. + + +

+Several functions in the auxiliary library are used to +check C function arguments. +Because the error message is formatted for arguments +(e.g., "bad argument #1"), +you should not use these functions for other stack values. + + +

+Functions called luaL_check* +always raise an error if the check is not satisfied. + + + + + +

5.1 – Functions and Types

+ +

+Here we list all functions and types from the auxiliary library +in alphabetical order. + + + +

luaL_addchar

+[-?, +?, m] +

void luaL_addchar (luaL_Buffer *B, char c);
+ +

+Adds the byte c to the buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). + + + + + +

luaL_addgsub

+[-?, +?, m] +

const void luaL_addgsub (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s,
+                         const char *p, const char *r);
+ +

+Adds a copy of the string s to the buffer B (see luaL_Buffer), +replacing any occurrence of the string p +with the string r. + + + + + +

luaL_addlstring

+[-?, +?, m] +

void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l);
+ +

+Adds the string pointed to by s with length l to +the buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +The string can contain embedded zeros. + + + + + +

luaL_addsize

+[-?, +?, –] +

void luaL_addsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t n);
+ +

+Adds to the buffer B +a string of length n previously copied to the +buffer area (see luaL_prepbuffer). + + + + + +

luaL_addstring

+[-?, +?, m] +

void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s);
+ +

+Adds the zero-terminated string pointed to by s +to the buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). + + + + + +

luaL_addvalue

+[-?, +?, m] +

void luaL_addvalue (luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Adds the value on the top of the stack +to the buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +Pops the value. + + +

+This is the only function on string buffers that can (and must) +be called with an extra element on the stack, +which is the value to be added to the buffer. + + + + + +

luaL_argcheck

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_argcheck (lua_State *L,
+                    int cond,
+                    int arg,
+                    const char *extramsg);
+ +

+Checks whether cond is true. +If it is not, raises an error with a standard message (see luaL_argerror). + + + + + +

luaL_argerror

+[-0, +0, v] +

int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
+ +

+Raises an error reporting a problem with argument arg +of the C function that called it, +using a standard message +that includes extramsg as a comment: + +

+     bad argument #arg to 'funcname' (extramsg)
+

+This function never returns. + + + + + +

luaL_argexpected

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_argexpected (lua_State *L,
+                       int cond,
+                       int arg,
+                       const char *tname);
+ +

+Checks whether cond is true. +If it is not, raises an error about the type of the argument arg +with a standard message (see luaL_typeerror). + + + + + +

luaL_Buffer

+
typedef struct luaL_Buffer luaL_Buffer;
+ +

+Type for a string buffer. + + +

+A string buffer allows C code to build Lua strings piecemeal. +Its pattern of use is as follows: + +

    + +
  • First declare a variable b of type luaL_Buffer.
    • + +
  • Then initialize it with a call luaL_buffinit(L, &b).
    • + +
  • +Then add string pieces to the buffer calling any of +the luaL_add* functions. +
    • + +
  • +Finish by calling luaL_pushresult(&b). +This call leaves the final string on the top of the stack. +
    • + +
+ +

+If you know beforehand the maximum size of the resulting string, +you can use the buffer like this: + +

    + +
  • First declare a variable b of type luaL_Buffer.
    • + +
  • Then initialize it and preallocate a space of +size sz with a call luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, sz).
    • + +
  • Then produce the string into that space.
    • + +
  • +Finish by calling luaL_pushresultsize(&b, sz), +where sz is the total size of the resulting string +copied into that space (which may be less than or +equal to the preallocated size). +
    • + +
+ +

+During its normal operation, +a string buffer uses a variable number of stack slots. +So, while using a buffer, you cannot assume that you know where +the top of the stack is. +You can use the stack between successive calls to buffer operations +as long as that use is balanced; +that is, +when you call a buffer operation, +the stack is at the same level +it was immediately after the previous buffer operation. +(The only exception to this rule is luaL_addvalue.) +After calling luaL_pushresult, +the stack is back to its level when the buffer was initialized, +plus the final string on its top. + + + + + +

luaL_buffaddr

+[-0, +0, –] +

char *luaL_buffaddr (luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Returns the address of the current content of buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +Note that any addition to the buffer may invalidate this address. + + + + + +

luaL_buffinit

+[-0, +?, –] +

void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Initializes a buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +This function does not allocate any space; +the buffer must be declared as a variable. + + + + + +

luaL_bufflen

+[-0, +0, –] +

size_t luaL_bufflen (luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Returns the length of the current content of buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). + + + + + +

luaL_buffinitsize

+[-?, +?, m] +

char *luaL_buffinitsize (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+ +

+Equivalent to the sequence +luaL_buffinit, luaL_prepbuffsize. + + + + + +

luaL_buffsub

+[-?, +?, –] +

void luaL_buffsub (luaL_Buffer *B, int n);
+ +

+Removes n bytes from the buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +The buffer must have at least that many bytes. + + + + + +

luaL_callmeta

+[-0, +(0|1), e] +

int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+ +

+Calls a metamethod. + + +

+If the object at index obj has a metatable and this +metatable has a field e, +this function calls this field passing the object as its only argument. +In this case this function returns true and pushes onto the +stack the value returned by the call. +If there is no metatable or no metamethod, +this function returns false without pushing any value on the stack. + + + + + +

luaL_checkany

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int arg);
+ +

+Checks whether the function has an argument +of any type (including nil) at position arg. + + + + + +

luaL_checkinteger

+[-0, +0, v] +

lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int arg);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is an integer +(or can be converted to an integer) +and returns this integer. + + + + + +

luaL_checklstring

+[-0, +0, v] +

const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int arg, size_t *l);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string +and returns this string; +if l is not NULL fills its referent +with the string's length. + + +

+This function uses lua_tolstring to get its result, +so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here. + + + + + +

luaL_checknumber

+[-0, +0, v] +

lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int arg);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is a number +and returns this number converted to a lua_Number. + + + + + +

luaL_checkoption

+[-0, +0, v] +

int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L,
+                      int arg,
+                      const char *def,
+                      const char *const lst[]);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string and +searches for this string in the array lst +(which must be NULL-terminated). +Returns the index in the array where the string was found. +Raises an error if the argument is not a string or +if the string cannot be found. + + +

+If def is not NULL, +the function uses def as a default value when +there is no argument arg or when this argument is nil. + + +

+This is a useful function for mapping strings to C enums. +(The usual convention in Lua libraries is +to use strings instead of numbers to select options.) + + + + + +

luaL_checkstack

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg);
+ +

+Grows the stack size to top + sz elements, +raising an error if the stack cannot grow to that size. +msg is an additional text to go into the error message +(or NULL for no additional text). + + + + + +

luaL_checkstring

+[-0, +0, v] +

const char *luaL_checkstring (lua_State *L, int arg);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string +and returns this string. + + +

+This function uses lua_tolstring to get its result, +so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here. + + + + + +

luaL_checktype

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int arg, int t);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg has type t. +See lua_type for the encoding of types for t. + + + + + +

luaL_checkudata

+[-0, +0, v] +

void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+ +

+Checks whether the function argument arg is a userdata +of the type tname (see luaL_newmetatable) and +returns the userdata's memory-block address (see lua_touserdata). + + + + + +

luaL_checkversion

+[-0, +0, v] +

void luaL_checkversion (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Checks whether the code making the call and the Lua library being called +are using the same version of Lua and the same numeric types. + + + + + +

luaL_dofile

+[-0, +?, m] +

int luaL_dofile (lua_State *L, const char *filename);
+ +

+Loads and runs the given file. +It is defined as the following macro: + +

+     (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
+

+It returns 0 (LUA_OK) if there are no errors, +or 1 in case of errors. + + + + + +

luaL_dostring

+[-0, +?, –] +

int luaL_dostring (lua_State *L, const char *str);
+ +

+Loads and runs the given string. +It is defined as the following macro: + +

+     (luaL_loadstring(L, str) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
+

+It returns 0 (LUA_OK) if there are no errors, +or 1 in case of errors. + + + + + +

luaL_error

+[-0, +0, v] +

int luaL_error (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+ +

+Raises an error. +The error message format is given by fmt +plus any extra arguments, +following the same rules of lua_pushfstring. +It also adds at the beginning of the message the file name and +the line number where the error occurred, +if this information is available. + + +

+This function never returns, +but it is an idiom to use it in C functions +as return luaL_error(args). + + + + + +

luaL_execresult

+[-0, +3, m] +

int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat);
+ +

+This function produces the return values for +process-related functions in the standard library +(os.execute and io.close). + + + + + +

luaL_fileresult

+[-0, +(1|3), m] +

int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname);
+ +

+This function produces the return values for +file-related functions in the standard library +(io.open, os.rename, file:seek, etc.). + + + + + +

luaL_getmetafield

+[-0, +(0|1), m] +

int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the field e from the metatable +of the object at index obj and returns the type of the pushed value. +If the object does not have a metatable, +or if the metatable does not have this field, +pushes nothing and returns LUA_TNIL. + + + + + +

luaL_getmetatable

+[-0, +1, m] +

int luaL_getmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack the metatable associated with the name tname +in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable), +or nil if there is no metatable associated with that name. +Returns the type of the pushed value. + + + + + +

luaL_getsubtable

+[-0, +1, e] +

int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname);
+ +

+Ensures that the value t[fname], +where t is the value at index idx, +is a table, +and pushes that table onto the stack. +Returns true if it finds a previous table there +and false if it creates a new table. + + + + + +

luaL_gsub

+[-0, +1, m] +

const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L,
+                       const char *s,
+                       const char *p,
+                       const char *r);
+ +

+Creates a copy of string s, +replacing any occurrence of the string p +with the string r. +Pushes the resulting string on the stack and returns it. + + + + + +

luaL_len

+[-0, +0, e] +

lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns the "length" of the value at the given index +as a number; +it is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.7). +Raises an error if the result of the operation is not an integer. +(This case can only happen through metamethods.) + + + + + +

luaL_loadbuffer

+[-0, +1, –] +

int luaL_loadbuffer (lua_State *L,
+                     const char *buff,
+                     size_t sz,
+                     const char *name);
+ +

+Equivalent to luaL_loadbufferx with mode equal to NULL. + + + + + +

luaL_loadbufferx

+[-0, +1, –] +

int luaL_loadbufferx (lua_State *L,
+                      const char *buff,
+                      size_t sz,
+                      const char *name,
+                      const char *mode);
+ +

+Loads a buffer as a Lua chunk. +This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the +buffer pointed to by buff with size sz. + + +

+This function returns the same results as lua_load. +name is the chunk name, +used for debug information and error messages. +The string mode works as in the function lua_load. + + + + + +

luaL_loadfile

+[-0, +1, m] +

int luaL_loadfile (lua_State *L, const char *filename);
+ +

+Equivalent to luaL_loadfilex with mode equal to NULL. + + + + + +

luaL_loadfilex

+[-0, +1, m] +

int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
+                                            const char *mode);
+ +

+Loads a file as a Lua chunk. +This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the file +named filename. +If filename is NULL, +then it loads from the standard input. +The first line in the file is ignored if it starts with a #. + + +

+The string mode works as in the function lua_load. + + +

+This function returns the same results as lua_load +or LUA_ERRFILE for file-related errors. + + +

+As lua_load, this function only loads the chunk; +it does not run it. + + + + + +

luaL_loadstring

+[-0, +1, –] +

int luaL_loadstring (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+ +

+Loads a string as a Lua chunk. +This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in +the zero-terminated string s. + + +

+This function returns the same results as lua_load. + + +

+Also as lua_load, this function only loads the chunk; +it does not run it. + + + + + +

luaL_newlib

+[-0, +1, m] +

void luaL_newlib (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg l[]);
+ +

+Creates a new table and registers there +the functions in the list l. + + +

+It is implemented as the following macro: + +

+     (luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
+

+The array l must be the actual array, +not a pointer to it. + + + + + +

luaL_newlibtable

+[-0, +1, m] +

void luaL_newlibtable (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg l[]);
+ +

+Creates a new table with a size optimized +to store all entries in the array l +(but does not actually store them). +It is intended to be used in conjunction with luaL_setfuncs +(see luaL_newlib). + + +

+It is implemented as a macro. +The array l must be the actual array, +not a pointer to it. + + + + + +

luaL_newmetatable

+[-0, +1, m] +

int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+ +

+If the registry already has the key tname, +returns 0. +Otherwise, +creates a new table to be used as a metatable for userdata, +adds to this new table the pair __name = tname, +adds to the registry the pair [tname] = new table, +and returns 1. + + +

+In both cases, +the function pushes onto the stack the final value associated +with tname in the registry. + + + + + +

luaL_newstate

+[-0, +0, –] +

lua_State *luaL_newstate (void);
+ +

+Creates a new Lua state. +It calls lua_newstate with an +allocator based on the ISO C allocation functions +and then sets a warning function and a panic function (see §4.4) +that print messages to the standard error output. + + +

+Returns the new state, +or NULL if there is a memory allocation error. + + + + + +

luaL_openlibs

+[-0, +0, e] +

void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Opens all standard Lua libraries into the given state. + + + + + +

luaL_opt

+[-0, +0, –] +

T luaL_opt (L, func, arg, dflt);
+ +

+This macro is defined as follows: + +

+     (lua_isnoneornil(L,(arg)) ? (dflt) : func(L,(arg)))
+

+In words, if the argument arg is nil or absent, +the macro results in the default dflt. +Otherwise, it results in the result of calling func +with the state L and the argument index arg as +arguments. +Note that it evaluates the expression dflt only if needed. + + + + + +

luaL_optinteger

+[-0, +0, v] +

lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L,
+                             int arg,
+                             lua_Integer d);
+ +

+If the function argument arg is an integer +(or it is convertible to an integer), +returns this integer. +If this argument is absent or is nil, +returns d. +Otherwise, raises an error. + + + + + +

luaL_optlstring

+[-0, +0, v] +

const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L,
+                             int arg,
+                             const char *d,
+                             size_t *l);
+ +

+If the function argument arg is a string, +returns this string. +If this argument is absent or is nil, +returns d. +Otherwise, raises an error. + + +

+If l is not NULL, +fills its referent with the result's length. +If the result is NULL +(only possible when returning d and d == NULL), +its length is considered zero. + + +

+This function uses lua_tolstring to get its result, +so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here. + + + + + +

luaL_optnumber

+[-0, +0, v] +

lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number d);
+ +

+If the function argument arg is a number, +returns this number as a lua_Number. +If this argument is absent or is nil, +returns d. +Otherwise, raises an error. + + + + + +

luaL_optstring

+[-0, +0, v] +

const char *luaL_optstring (lua_State *L,
+                            int arg,
+                            const char *d);
+ +

+If the function argument arg is a string, +returns this string. +If this argument is absent or is nil, +returns d. +Otherwise, raises an error. + + + + + +

luaL_prepbuffer

+[-?, +?, m] +

char *luaL_prepbuffer (luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Equivalent to luaL_prepbuffsize +with the predefined size LUAL_BUFFERSIZE. + + + + + +

luaL_prepbuffsize

+[-?, +?, m] +

char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+ +

+Returns an address to a space of size sz +where you can copy a string to be added to buffer B +(see luaL_Buffer). +After copying the string into this space you must call +luaL_addsize with the size of the string to actually add +it to the buffer. + + + + + +

luaL_pushfail

+[-0, +1, –] +

void luaL_pushfail (lua_State *L);
+ +

+Pushes the fail value onto the stack (see §6). + + + + + +

luaL_pushresult

+[-?, +1, m] +

void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B);
+ +

+Finishes the use of buffer B leaving the final string on +the top of the stack. + + + + + +

luaL_pushresultsize

+[-?, +1, m] +

void luaL_pushresultsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+ +

+Equivalent to the sequence luaL_addsize, luaL_pushresult. + + + + + +

luaL_ref

+[-1, +0, m] +

int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t);
+ +

+Creates and returns a reference, +in the table at index t, +for the object on the top of the stack (and pops the object). + + +

+A reference is a unique integer key. +As long as you do not manually add integer keys into the table t, +luaL_ref ensures the uniqueness of the key it returns. +You can retrieve an object referred by the reference r +by calling lua_rawgeti(L, t, r). +The function luaL_unref frees a reference. + + +

+If the object on the top of the stack is nil, +luaL_ref returns the constant LUA_REFNIL. +The constant LUA_NOREF is guaranteed to be different +from any reference returned by luaL_ref. + + + + + +

luaL_Reg

+
typedef struct luaL_Reg {
+  const char *name;
+  lua_CFunction func;
+} luaL_Reg;
+ +

+Type for arrays of functions to be registered by +luaL_setfuncs. +name is the function name and func is a pointer to +the function. +Any array of luaL_Reg must end with a sentinel entry +in which both name and func are NULL. + + + + + +

luaL_requiref

+[-0, +1, e] +

void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
+                    lua_CFunction openf, int glb);
+ +

+If package.loaded[modname] is not true, +calls the function openf with the string modname as an argument +and sets the call result to package.loaded[modname], +as if that function has been called through require. + + +

+If glb is true, +also stores the module into the global modname. + + +

+Leaves a copy of the module on the stack. + + + + + +

luaL_setfuncs

+[-nup, +0, m] +

void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup);
+ +

+Registers all functions in the array l +(see luaL_Reg) into the table on the top of the stack +(below optional upvalues, see next). + + +

+When nup is not zero, +all functions are created with nup upvalues, +initialized with copies of the nup values +previously pushed on the stack +on top of the library table. +These values are popped from the stack after the registration. + + +

+A function with a NULL value represents a placeholder, +which is filled with false. + + + + + +

luaL_setmetatable

+[-0, +0, –] +

void luaL_setmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+ +

+Sets the metatable of the object on the top of the stack +as the metatable associated with name tname +in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable). + + + + + +

luaL_Stream

+
typedef struct luaL_Stream {
+  FILE *f;
+  lua_CFunction closef;
+} luaL_Stream;
+ +

+The standard representation for file handles +used by the standard I/O library. + + +

+A file handle is implemented as a full userdata, +with a metatable called LUA_FILEHANDLE +(where LUA_FILEHANDLE is a macro with the actual metatable's name). +The metatable is created by the I/O library +(see luaL_newmetatable). + + +

+This userdata must start with the structure luaL_Stream; +it can contain other data after this initial structure. +The field f points to the corresponding C stream +(or it can be NULL to indicate an incompletely created handle). +The field closef points to a Lua function +that will be called to close the stream +when the handle is closed or collected; +this function receives the file handle as its sole argument and +must return either a true value, in case of success, +or a false value plus an error message, in case of error. +Once Lua calls this field, +it changes the field value to NULL +to signal that the handle is closed. + + + + + +

luaL_testudata

+[-0, +0, m] +

void *luaL_testudata (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+ +

+This function works like luaL_checkudata, +except that, when the test fails, +it returns NULL instead of raising an error. + + + + + +

luaL_tolstring

+[-0, +1, e] +

const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
+ +

+Converts any Lua value at the given index to a C string +in a reasonable format. +The resulting string is pushed onto the stack and also +returned by the function (see §4.1.3). +If len is not NULL, +the function also sets *len with the string length. + + +

+If the value has a metatable with a __tostring field, +then luaL_tolstring calls the corresponding metamethod +with the value as argument, +and uses the result of the call as its result. + + + + + +

luaL_traceback

+[-0, +1, m] +

void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, const char *msg,
+                     int level);
+ +

+Creates and pushes a traceback of the stack L1. +If msg is not NULL, it is appended +at the beginning of the traceback. +The level parameter tells at which level +to start the traceback. + + + + + +

luaL_typeerror

+[-0, +0, v] +

int luaL_typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+ +

+Raises a type error for the argument arg +of the C function that called it, +using a standard message; +tname is a "name" for the expected type. +This function never returns. + + + + + +

luaL_typename

+[-0, +0, –] +

const char *luaL_typename (lua_State *L, int index);
+ +

+Returns the name of the type of the value at the given index. + + + + + +

luaL_unref

+[-0, +0, –] +

void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref);
+ +

+Releases the reference ref from the table at index t +(see luaL_ref). +The entry is removed from the table, +so that the referred object can be collected. +The reference ref is also freed to be used again. + + +

+If ref is LUA_NOREF or LUA_REFNIL, +luaL_unref does nothing. + + + + + +

luaL_where

+[-0, +1, m] +

void luaL_where (lua_State *L, int lvl);
+ +

+Pushes onto the stack a string identifying the current position +of the control at level lvl in the call stack. +Typically this string has the following format: + +

+     chunkname:currentline:
+

+Level 0 is the running function, +level 1 is the function that called the running function, +etc. + + +

+This function is used to build a prefix for error messages. + + + + + + + +

6 – The Standard Libraries

+ + + +

+The standard Lua libraries provide useful functions +that are implemented in C through the C API. +Some of these functions provide essential services to the language +(e.g., type and getmetatable); +others provide access to outside services (e.g., I/O); +and others could be implemented in Lua itself, +but that for different reasons +deserve an implementation in C (e.g., table.sort). + + +

+All libraries are implemented through the official C API +and are provided as separate C modules. +Unless otherwise noted, +these library functions do not adjust its number of arguments +to its expected parameters. +For instance, a function documented as foo(arg) +should not be called without an argument. + + +

+The notation fail means a false value representing +some kind of failure. +(Currently, fail is equal to nil, +but that may change in future versions. +The recommendation is to always test the success of these functions +with (not status), instead of (status == nil).) + + +

+Currently, Lua has the following standard libraries: + +

    + +
  • basic library (§6.1);
    • + +
  • coroutine library (§6.2);
    • + +
  • package library (§6.3);
    • + +
  • string manipulation (§6.4);
    • + +
  • basic UTF-8 support (§6.5);
    • + +
  • table manipulation (§6.6);
    • + +
  • mathematical functions (§6.7) (sin, log, etc.);
    • + +
  • input and output (§6.8);
    • + +
  • operating system facilities (§6.9);
    • + +
  • debug facilities (§6.10).
    • + +

+Except for the basic and the package libraries, +each library provides all its functions as fields of a global table +or as methods of its objects. + + +

+To have access to these libraries, +the C host program should call the luaL_openlibs function, +which opens all standard libraries. +Alternatively, +the host program can open them individually by using +luaL_requiref to call +luaopen_base (for the basic library), +luaopen_package (for the package library), +luaopen_coroutine (for the coroutine library), +luaopen_string (for the string library), +luaopen_utf8 (for the UTF-8 library), +luaopen_table (for the table library), +luaopen_math (for the mathematical library), +luaopen_io (for the I/O library), +luaopen_os (for the operating system library), +and luaopen_debug (for the debug library). +These functions are declared in lualib.h. + + + + + +

6.1 – Basic Functions

+ +

+The basic library provides core functions to Lua. +If you do not include this library in your application, +you should check carefully whether you need to provide +implementations for some of its facilities. + + +

+

assert (v [, message])

+ + +

+Raises an error if +the value of its argument v is false (i.e., nil or false); +otherwise, returns all its arguments. +In case of error, +message is the error object; +when absent, it defaults to "assertion failed!" + + + + +

+

collectgarbage ([opt [, arg]])

+ + +

+This function is a generic interface to the garbage collector. +It performs different functions according to its first argument, opt: + +

    + +
  • "collect": +Performs a full garbage-collection cycle. +This is the default option. +
    • + +
  • "stop": +Stops automatic execution of the garbage collector. +The collector will run only when explicitly invoked, +until a call to restart it. +
    • + +
  • "restart": +Restarts automatic execution of the garbage collector. +
    • + +
  • "count": +Returns the total memory in use by Lua in Kbytes. +The value has a fractional part, +so that it multiplied by 1024 +gives the exact number of bytes in use by Lua. +
    • + +
  • "step": +Performs a garbage-collection step. +The step "size" is controlled by arg. +With a zero value, +the collector will perform one basic (indivisible) step. +For non-zero values, +the collector will perform as if that amount of memory +(in Kbytes) had been allocated by Lua. +Returns true if the step finished a collection cycle. +
    • + +
  • "isrunning": +Returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running +(i.e., not stopped). +
    • + +
  • "incremental": +Change the collector mode to incremental. +This option can be followed by three numbers: +the garbage-collector pause, +the step multiplier, +and the step size (see §2.5.1). +A zero means to not change that value. +
    • + +
  • "generational": +Change the collector mode to generational. +This option can be followed by two numbers: +the garbage-collector minor multiplier +and the major multiplier (see §2.5.2). +A zero means to not change that value. +
    • + +

+See §2.5 for more details about garbage collection +and some of these options. + + +

+This function should not be called by a finalizer. + + + + +

+

dofile ([filename])

+Opens the named file and executes its content as a Lua chunk. +When called without arguments, +dofile executes the content of the standard input (stdin). +Returns all values returned by the chunk. +In case of errors, dofile propagates the error +to its caller. +(That is, dofile does not run in protected mode.) + + + + +

+

error (message [, level])

+Raises an error (see §2.3) with message as the error object. +This function never returns. + + +

+Usually, error adds some information about the error position +at the beginning of the message, if the message is a string. +The level argument specifies how to get the error position. +With level 1 (the default), the error position is where the +error function was called. +Level 2 points the error to where the function +that called error was called; and so on. +Passing a level 0 avoids the addition of error position information +to the message. + + + + +

+

_G

+A global variable (not a function) that +holds the global environment (see §2.2). +Lua itself does not use this variable; +changing its value does not affect any environment, +nor vice versa. + + + + +

+

getmetatable (object)

+ + +

+If object does not have a metatable, returns nil. +Otherwise, +if the object's metatable has a __metatable field, +returns the associated value. +Otherwise, returns the metatable of the given object. + + + + +

+

ipairs (t)

+ + +

+Returns three values (an iterator function, the table t, and 0) +so that the construction + +

+     for i,v in ipairs(t) do body end
+

+will iterate over the key–value pairs +(1,t[1]), (2,t[2]), ..., +up to the first absent index. + + + + +

+

load (chunk [, chunkname [, mode [, env]]])

+ + +

+Loads a chunk. + + +

+If chunk is a string, the chunk is this string. +If chunk is a function, +load calls it repeatedly to get the chunk pieces. +Each call to chunk must return a string that concatenates +with previous results. +A return of an empty string, nil, or no value signals the end of the chunk. + + +

+If there are no syntactic errors, +load returns the compiled chunk as a function; +otherwise, it returns fail plus the error message. + + +

+When you load a main chunk, +the resulting function will always have exactly one upvalue, +the _ENV variable (see §2.2). +However, +when you load a binary chunk created from a function (see string.dump), +the resulting function can have an arbitrary number of upvalues, +and there is no guarantee that its first upvalue will be +the _ENV variable. +(A non-main function may not even have an _ENV upvalue.) + + +

+Regardless, if the resulting function has any upvalues, +its first upvalue is set to the value of env, +if that parameter is given, +or to the value of the global environment. +Other upvalues are initialized with nil. +All upvalues are fresh, that is, +they are not shared with any other function. + + +

+chunkname is used as the name of the chunk for error messages +and debug information (see §4.7). +When absent, +it defaults to chunk, if chunk is a string, +or to "=(load)" otherwise. + + +

+The string mode controls whether the chunk can be text or binary +(that is, a precompiled chunk). +It may be the string "b" (only binary chunks), +"t" (only text chunks), +or "bt" (both binary and text). +The default is "bt". + + +

+It is safe to load malformed binary chunks; +load signals an appropriate error. +However, +Lua does not check the consistency of the code inside binary chunks; +running maliciously crafted bytecode can crash the interpreter. + + + + +

+

loadfile ([filename [, mode [, env]]])

+ + +

+Similar to load, +but gets the chunk from file filename +or from the standard input, +if no file name is given. + + + + +

+

next (table [, index])

+ + +

+Allows a program to traverse all fields of a table. +Its first argument is a table and its second argument +is an index in this table. +A call to next returns the next index of the table +and its associated value. +When called with nil as its second argument, +next returns an initial index +and its associated value. +When called with the last index, +or with nil in an empty table, +next returns nil. +If the second argument is absent, then it is interpreted as nil. +In particular, +you can use next(t) to check whether a table is empty. + + +

+The order in which the indices are enumerated is not specified, +even for numeric indices. +(To traverse a table in numerical order, +use a numerical for.) + + +

+You should not assign any value to a non-existent field in a table +during its traversal. +You may however modify existing fields. +In particular, you may set existing fields to nil. + + + + +

+

pairs (t)

+ + +

+If t has a metamethod __pairs, +calls it with t as argument and returns the first three +results from the call. + + +

+Otherwise, +returns three values: the next function, the table t, and nil, +so that the construction + +

+     for k,v in pairs(t) do body end
+

+will iterate over all key–value pairs of table t. + + +

+See function next for the caveats of modifying +the table during its traversal. + + + + +

+

pcall (f [, arg1, ···])

+ + +

+Calls the function f with +the given arguments in protected mode. +This means that any error inside f is not propagated; +instead, pcall catches the error +and returns a status code. +Its first result is the status code (a boolean), +which is true if the call succeeds without errors. +In such case, pcall also returns all results from the call, +after this first result. +In case of any error, pcall returns false plus the error object. +Note that errors caught by pcall do not call a message handler. + + + + +

+

print (···)

+Receives any number of arguments +and prints their values to stdout, +converting each argument to a string +following the same rules of tostring. + + +

+The function print is not intended for formatted output, +but only as a quick way to show a value, +for instance for debugging. +For complete control over the output, +use string.format and io.write. + + + + +

+

rawequal (v1, v2)

+Checks whether v1 is equal to v2, +without invoking the __eq metamethod. +Returns a boolean. + + + + +

+

rawget (table, index)

+Gets the real value of table[index], +without using the __index metavalue. +table must be a table; +index may be any value. + + + + +

+

rawlen (v)

+Returns the length of the object v, +which must be a table or a string, +without invoking the __len metamethod. +Returns an integer. + + + + +

+

rawset (table, index, value)

+Sets the real value of table[index] to value, +without using the __newindex metavalue. +table must be a table, +index any value different from nil and NaN, +and value any Lua value. + + +

+This function returns table. + + + + +

+

select (index, ···)

+ + +

+If index is a number, +returns all arguments after argument number index; +a negative number indexes from the end (-1 is the last argument). +Otherwise, index must be the string "#", +and select returns the total number of extra arguments it received. + + + + +

+

setmetatable (table, metatable)

+ + +

+Sets the metatable for the given table. +If metatable is nil, +removes the metatable of the given table. +If the original metatable has a __metatable field, +raises an error. + + +

+This function returns table. + + +

+To change the metatable of other types from Lua code, +you must use the debug library (§6.10). + + + + +

+

tonumber (e [, base])

+ + +

+When called with no base, +tonumber tries to convert its argument to a number. +If the argument is already a number or +a string convertible to a number, +then tonumber returns this number; +otherwise, it returns fail. + + +

+The conversion of strings can result in integers or floats, +according to the lexical conventions of Lua (see §3.1). +The string may have leading and trailing spaces and a sign. + + +

+When called with base, +then e must be a string to be interpreted as +an integer numeral in that base. +The base may be any integer between 2 and 36, inclusive. +In bases above 10, the letter 'A' (in either upper or lower case) +represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so forth, +with 'Z' representing 35. +If the string e is not a valid numeral in the given base, +the function returns fail. + + + + +

+

tostring (v)

+ + +

+Receives a value of any type and +converts it to a string in a human-readable format. + + +

+If the metatable of v has a __tostring field, +then tostring calls the corresponding value +with v as argument, +and uses the result of the call as its result. +Otherwise, if the metatable of v has a __name field +with a string value, +tostring may use that string in its final result. + + +

+For complete control of how numbers are converted, +use string.format. + + + + +

+

type (v)

+ + +

+Returns the type of its only argument, coded as a string. +The possible results of this function are +"nil" (a string, not the value nil), +"number", +"string", +"boolean", +"table", +"function", +"thread", +and "userdata". + + + + +

+

_VERSION

+ + +

+A global variable (not a function) that +holds a string containing the running Lua version. +The current value of this variable is "Lua 5.4". + + + + +

+

warn (msg1, ···)

+ + +

+Emits a warning with a message composed by the concatenation +of all its arguments (which should be strings). + + +

+By convention, +a one-piece message starting with '@' +is intended to be a control message, +which is a message to the warning system itself. +In particular, the standard warning function in Lua +recognizes the control messages "@off", +to stop the emission of warnings, +and "@on", to (re)start the emission; +it ignores unknown control messages. + + + + +

+

xpcall (f, msgh [, arg1, ···])

+ + +

+This function is similar to pcall, +except that it sets a new message handler msgh. + + + + + + + +

6.2 – Coroutine Manipulation

+ +

+This library comprises the operations to manipulate coroutines, +which come inside the table coroutine. +See §2.6 for a general description of coroutines. + + +

+

coroutine.close (co)

+ + +

+Closes coroutine co, +that is, +closes all its pending to-be-closed variables +and puts the coroutine in a dead state. +The given coroutine must be dead or suspended. +In case of error +(either the original error that stopped the coroutine or +errors in closing methods), +returns false plus the error object; +otherwise returns true. + + + + +

+

coroutine.create (f)

+ + +

+Creates a new coroutine, with body f. +f must be a function. +Returns this new coroutine, +an object with type "thread". + + + + +

+

coroutine.isyieldable ([co])

+ + +

+Returns true when the coroutine co can yield. +The default for co is the running coroutine. + + +

+A coroutine is yieldable if it is not the main thread and +it is not inside a non-yieldable C function. + + + + +

+

coroutine.resume (co [, val1, ···])

+ + +

+Starts or continues the execution of coroutine co. +The first time you resume a coroutine, +it starts running its body. +The values val1, ... are passed +as the arguments to the body function. +If the coroutine has yielded, +resume restarts it; +the values val1, ... are passed +as the results from the yield. + + +

+If the coroutine runs without any errors, +resume returns true plus any values passed to yield +(when the coroutine yields) or any values returned by the body function +(when the coroutine terminates). +If there is any error, +resume returns false plus the error message. + + + + +

+

coroutine.running ()

+ + +

+Returns the running coroutine plus a boolean, +true when the running coroutine is the main one. + + + + +

+

coroutine.status (co)

+ + +

+Returns the status of the coroutine co, as a string: +"running", +if the coroutine is running +(that is, it is the one that called status); +"suspended", if the coroutine is suspended in a call to yield, +or if it has not started running yet; +"normal" if the coroutine is active but not running +(that is, it has resumed another coroutine); +and "dead" if the coroutine has finished its body function, +or if it has stopped with an error. + + + + +

+

coroutine.wrap (f)

+ + +

+Creates a new coroutine, with body f; +f must be a function. +Returns a function that resumes the coroutine each time it is called. +Any arguments passed to this function behave as the +extra arguments to resume. +The function returns the same values returned by resume, +except the first boolean. +In case of error, +the function closes the coroutine and propagates the error. + + + + +

+

coroutine.yield (···)

+ + +

+Suspends the execution of the calling coroutine. +Any arguments to yield are passed as extra results to resume. + + + + + + + +

6.3 – Modules

+ +

+The package library provides basic +facilities for loading modules in Lua. +It exports one function directly in the global environment: +require. +Everything else is exported in the table package. + + +

+

require (modname)

+ + +

+Loads the given module. +The function starts by looking into the package.loaded table +to determine whether modname is already loaded. +If it is, then require returns the value stored +at package.loaded[modname]. +(The absence of a second result in this case +signals that this call did not have to load the module.) +Otherwise, it tries to find a loader for the module. + + +

+To find a loader, +require is guided by the table package.searchers. +Each item in this table is a search function, +that searches for the module in a particular way. +By changing this table, +we can change how require looks for a module. +The following explanation is based on the default configuration +for package.searchers. + + +

+First require queries package.preload[modname]. +If it has a value, +this value (which must be a function) is the loader. +Otherwise require searches for a Lua loader using the +path stored in package.path. +If that also fails, it searches for a C loader using the +path stored in package.cpath. +If that also fails, +it tries an all-in-one loader (see package.searchers). + + +

+Once a loader is found, +require calls the loader with two arguments: +modname and an extra value, +a loader data, +also returned by the searcher. +The loader data can be any value useful to the module; +for the default searchers, +it indicates where the loader was found. +(For instance, if the loader came from a file, +this extra value is the file path.) +If the loader returns any non-nil value, +require assigns the returned value to package.loaded[modname]. +If the loader does not return a non-nil value and +has not assigned any value to package.loaded[modname], +then require assigns true to this entry. +In any case, require returns the +final value of package.loaded[modname]. +Besides that value, require also returns as a second result +the loader data returned by the searcher, +which indicates how require found the module. + + +

+If there is any error loading or running the module, +or if it cannot find any loader for the module, +then require raises an error. + + + + +

+

package.config

+ + +

+A string describing some compile-time configurations for packages. +This string is a sequence of lines: + +

    + +
  • The first line is the directory separator string. +Default is '\' for Windows and '/' for all other systems.
    • + +
  • The second line is the character that separates templates in a path. +Default is ';'.
    • + +
  • The third line is the string that marks the +substitution points in a template. +Default is '?'.
    • + +
  • The fourth line is a string that, in a path in Windows, +is replaced by the executable's directory. +Default is '!'.
    • + +
  • The fifth line is a mark to ignore all text after it +when building the luaopen_ function name. +Default is '-'.
    • + +
+ + + +

+

package.cpath

+ + +

+A string with the path used by require +to search for a C loader. + + +

+Lua initializes the C path package.cpath in the same way +it initializes the Lua path package.path, +using the environment variable LUA_CPATH_5_4, +or the environment variable LUA_CPATH, +or a default path defined in luaconf.h. + + + + +

+

package.loaded

+ + +

+A table used by require to control which +modules are already loaded. +When you require a module modname and +package.loaded[modname] is not false, +require simply returns the value stored there. + + +

+This variable is only a reference to the real table; +assignments to this variable do not change the +table used by require. +The real table is stored in the C registry (see §4.3), +indexed by the key LUA_LOADED_TABLE, a string. + + + + +

+

package.loadlib (libname, funcname)

+ + +

+Dynamically links the host program with the C library libname. + + +

+If funcname is "*", +then it only links with the library, +making the symbols exported by the library +available to other dynamically linked libraries. +Otherwise, +it looks for a function funcname inside the library +and returns this function as a C function. +So, funcname must follow the lua_CFunction prototype +(see lua_CFunction). + + +

+This is a low-level function. +It completely bypasses the package and module system. +Unlike require, +it does not perform any path searching and +does not automatically adds extensions. +libname must be the complete file name of the C library, +including if necessary a path and an extension. +funcname must be the exact name exported by the C library +(which may depend on the C compiler and linker used). + + +

+This functionality is not supported by ISO C. +As such, it is only available on some platforms +(Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, BSD, +plus other Unix systems that support the dlfcn standard). + + +

+This function is inherently insecure, +as it allows Lua to call any function in any readable dynamic +library in the system. +(Lua calls any function assuming the function +has a proper prototype and respects a proper protocol +(see lua_CFunction). +Therefore, +calling an arbitrary function in an arbitrary dynamic library +more often than not results in an access violation.) + + + + +

+

package.path

+ + +

+A string with the path used by require +to search for a Lua loader. + + +

+At start-up, Lua initializes this variable with +the value of the environment variable LUA_PATH_5_4 or +the environment variable LUA_PATH or +with a default path defined in luaconf.h, +if those environment variables are not defined. +A ";;" in the value of the environment variable +is replaced by the default path. + + + + +

+

package.preload

+ + +

+A table to store loaders for specific modules +(see require). + + +

+This variable is only a reference to the real table; +assignments to this variable do not change the +table used by require. +The real table is stored in the C registry (see §4.3), +indexed by the key LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE, a string. + + + + +

+

package.searchers

+ + +

+A table used by require to control how to find modules. + + +

+Each entry in this table is a searcher function. +When looking for a module, +require calls each of these searchers in ascending order, +with the module name (the argument given to require) as its +sole argument. +If the searcher finds the module, +it returns another function, the module loader, +plus an extra value, a loader data, +that will be passed to that loader and +returned as a second result by require. +If it cannot find the module, +it returns a string explaining why +(or nil if it has nothing to say). + + +

+Lua initializes this table with four searcher functions. + + +

+The first searcher simply looks for a loader in the +package.preload table. + + +

+The second searcher looks for a loader as a Lua library, +using the path stored at package.path. +The search is done as described in function package.searchpath. + + +

+The third searcher looks for a loader as a C library, +using the path given by the variable package.cpath. +Again, +the search is done as described in function package.searchpath. +For instance, +if the C path is the string + +

+     "./?.so;./?.dll;/usr/local/?/init.so"
+

+the searcher for module foo +will try to open the files ./foo.so, ./foo.dll, +and /usr/local/foo/init.so, in that order. +Once it finds a C library, +this searcher first uses a dynamic link facility to link the +application with the library. +Then it tries to find a C function inside the library to +be used as the loader. +The name of this C function is the string "luaopen_" +concatenated with a copy of the module name where each dot +is replaced by an underscore. +Moreover, if the module name has a hyphen, +its suffix after (and including) the first hyphen is removed. +For instance, if the module name is a.b.c-v2.1, +the function name will be luaopen_a_b_c. + + +

+The fourth searcher tries an all-in-one loader. +It searches the C path for a library for +the root name of the given module. +For instance, when requiring a.b.c, +it will search for a C library for a. +If found, it looks into it for an open function for +the submodule; +in our example, that would be luaopen_a_b_c. +With this facility, a package can pack several C submodules +into one single library, +with each submodule keeping its original open function. + + +

+All searchers except the first one (preload) return as the extra value +the file path where the module was found, +as returned by package.searchpath. +The first searcher always returns the string ":preload:". + + +

+Searchers should raise no errors and have no side effects in Lua. +(They may have side effects in C, +for instance by linking the application with a library.) + + + + +

+

package.searchpath (name, path [, sep [, rep]])

+ + +

+Searches for the given name in the given path. + + +

+A path is a string containing a sequence of +templates separated by semicolons. +For each template, +the function replaces each interrogation mark (if any) +in the template with a copy of name +wherein all occurrences of sep +(a dot, by default) +were replaced by rep +(the system's directory separator, by default), +and then tries to open the resulting file name. + + +

+For instance, if the path is the string + +

+     "./?.lua;./?.lc;/usr/local/?/init.lua"
+

+the search for the name foo.a +will try to open the files +./foo/a.lua, ./foo/a.lc, and +/usr/local/foo/a/init.lua, in that order. + + +

+Returns the resulting name of the first file that it can +open in read mode (after closing the file), +or fail plus an error message if none succeeds. +(This error message lists all file names it tried to open.) + + + + + + + +

6.4 – String Manipulation

+ + + +

+This library provides generic functions for string manipulation, +such as finding and extracting substrings, and pattern matching. +When indexing a string in Lua, the first character is at position 1 +(not at 0, as in C). +Indices are allowed to be negative and are interpreted as indexing backwards, +from the end of the string. +Thus, the last character is at position -1, and so on. + + +

+The string library provides all its functions inside the table +string. +It also sets a metatable for strings +where the __index field points to the string table. +Therefore, you can use the string functions in object-oriented style. +For instance, string.byte(s,i) +can be written as s:byte(i). + + +

+The string library assumes one-byte character encodings. + + +

+

string.byte (s [, i [, j]])

+Returns the internal numeric codes of the characters s[i], +s[i+1], ..., s[j]. +The default value for i is 1; +the default value for j is i. +These indices are corrected +following the same rules of function string.sub. + + +

+Numeric codes are not necessarily portable across platforms. + + + + +

+

string.char (···)

+Receives zero or more integers. +Returns a string with length equal to the number of arguments, +in which each character has the internal numeric code equal +to its corresponding argument. + + +

+Numeric codes are not necessarily portable across platforms. + + + + +

+

string.dump (function [, strip])

+ + +

+Returns a string containing a binary representation +(a binary chunk) +of the given function, +so that a later load on this string returns +a copy of the function (but with new upvalues). +If strip is a true value, +the binary representation may not include all debug information +about the function, +to save space. + + +

+Functions with upvalues have only their number of upvalues saved. +When (re)loaded, +those upvalues receive fresh instances. +(See the load function for details about +how these upvalues are initialized. +You can use the debug library to serialize +and reload the upvalues of a function +in a way adequate to your needs.) + + + + +

+

string.find (s, pattern [, init [, plain]])

+ + +

+Looks for the first match of +pattern (see §6.4.1) in the string s. +If it finds a match, then find returns the indices of s +where this occurrence starts and ends; +otherwise, it returns fail. +A third, optional numeric argument init specifies +where to start the search; +its default value is 1 and can be negative. +A true as a fourth, optional argument plain +turns off the pattern matching facilities, +so the function does a plain "find substring" operation, +with no characters in pattern being considered magic. + + +

+If the pattern has captures, +then in a successful match +the captured values are also returned, +after the two indices. + + + + +

+

string.format (formatstring, ···)

+ + +

+Returns a formatted version of its variable number of arguments +following the description given in its first argument, +which must be a string. +The format string follows the same rules as the ISO C function sprintf. +The only differences are that the conversion specifiers and modifiers +F, n, *, h, L, and l are not supported +and that there is an extra specifier, q. +Both width and precision, when present, +are limited to two digits. + + +

+The specifier q formats booleans, nil, numbers, and strings +in a way that the result is a valid constant in Lua source code. +Booleans and nil are written in the obvious way +(true, false, nil). +Floats are written in hexadecimal, +to preserve full precision. +A string is written between double quotes, +using escape sequences when necessary to ensure that +it can safely be read back by the Lua interpreter. +For instance, the call + +

+     string.format('%q', 'a string with "quotes" and \n new line')
+

+may produce the string: + +

+     "a string with \"quotes\" and \
+      new line"
+

+This specifier does not support modifiers (flags, width, precision). + + +

+The conversion specifiers +A, a, E, e, f, +G, and g all expect a number as argument. +The specifiers c, d, +i, o, u, X, and x +expect an integer. +When Lua is compiled with a C89 compiler, +the specifiers A and a (hexadecimal floats) +do not support modifiers. + + +

+The specifier s expects a string; +if its argument is not a string, +it is converted to one following the same rules of tostring. +If the specifier has any modifier, +the corresponding string argument should not contain embedded zeros. + + +

+The specifier p formats the pointer +returned by lua_topointer. +That gives a unique string identifier for tables, userdata, +threads, strings, and functions. +For other values (numbers, nil, booleans), +this specifier results in a string representing +the pointer NULL. + + + + +

+

string.gmatch (s, pattern [, init])

+Returns an iterator function that, +each time it is called, +returns the next captures from pattern (see §6.4.1) +over the string s. +If pattern specifies no captures, +then the whole match is produced in each call. +A third, optional numeric argument init specifies +where to start the search; +its default value is 1 and can be negative. + + +

+As an example, the following loop +will iterate over all the words from string s, +printing one per line: + +

+     s = "hello world from Lua"
+     for w in string.gmatch(s, "%a+") do
+       print(w)
+     end
+

+The next example collects all pairs key=value from the +given string into a table: + +

+     t = {}
+     s = "from=world, to=Lua"
+     for k, v in string.gmatch(s, "(%w+)=(%w+)") do
+       t[k] = v
+     end
+
+ +

+For this function, a caret '^' at the start of a pattern does not +work as an anchor, as this would prevent the iteration. + + + + +

+

string.gsub (s, pattern, repl [, n])

+Returns a copy of s +in which all (or the first n, if given) +occurrences of the pattern (see §6.4.1) have been +replaced by a replacement string specified by repl, +which can be a string, a table, or a function. +gsub also returns, as its second value, +the total number of matches that occurred. +The name gsub comes from Global SUBstitution. + + +

+If repl is a string, then its value is used for replacement. +The character % works as an escape character: +any sequence in repl of the form %d, +with d between 1 and 9, +stands for the value of the d-th captured substring; +the sequence %0 stands for the whole match; +the sequence %% stands for a single %. + + +

+If repl is a table, then the table is queried for every match, +using the first capture as the key. + + +

+If repl is a function, then this function is called every time a +match occurs, with all captured substrings passed as arguments, +in order. + + +

+In any case, +if the pattern specifies no captures, +then it behaves as if the whole pattern was inside a capture. + + +

+If the value returned by the table query or by the function call +is a string or a number, +then it is used as the replacement string; +otherwise, if it is false or nil, +then there is no replacement +(that is, the original match is kept in the string). + + +

+Here are some examples: + +

+     x = string.gsub("hello world", "(%w+)", "%1 %1")
+     --> x="hello hello world world"
+     
+     x = string.gsub("hello world", "%w+", "%0 %0", 1)
+     --> x="hello hello world"
+     
+     x = string.gsub("hello world from Lua", "(%w+)%s*(%w+)", "%2 %1")
+     --> x="world hello Lua from"
+     
+     x = string.gsub("home = $HOME, user = $USER", "%$(%w+)", os.getenv)
+     --> x="home = /home/roberto, user = roberto"
+     
+     x = string.gsub("4+5 = $return 4+5$", "%$(.-)%$", function (s)
+           return load(s)()
+         end)
+     --> x="4+5 = 9"
+     
+     local t = {name="lua", version="5.4"}
+     x = string.gsub("$name-$version.tar.gz", "%$(%w+)", t)
+     --> x="lua-5.4.tar.gz"
+
+ + + +

+

string.len (s)

+ + +

+Receives a string and returns its length. +The empty string "" has length 0. +Embedded zeros are counted, +so "a\000bc\000" has length 5. + + + + +

+

string.lower (s)

+ + +

+Receives a string and returns a copy of this string with all +uppercase letters changed to lowercase. +All other characters are left unchanged. +The definition of what an uppercase letter is depends on the current locale. + + + + +

+

string.match (s, pattern [, init])

+ + +

+Looks for the first match of +the pattern (see §6.4.1) in the string s. +If it finds one, then match returns +the captures from the pattern; +otherwise it returns fail. +If pattern specifies no captures, +then the whole match is returned. +A third, optional numeric argument init specifies +where to start the search; +its default value is 1 and can be negative. + + + + +

+

string.pack (fmt, v1, v2, ···)

+ + +

+Returns a binary string containing the values v1, v2, etc. +serialized in binary form (packed) +according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2). + + + + +

+

string.packsize (fmt)

+ + +

+Returns the length of a string resulting from string.pack +with the given format. +The format string cannot have the variable-length options +'s' or 'z' (see §6.4.2). + + + + +

+

string.rep (s, n [, sep])

+ + +

+Returns a string that is the concatenation of n copies of +the string s separated by the string sep. +The default value for sep is the empty string +(that is, no separator). +Returns the empty string if n is not positive. + + +

+(Note that it is very easy to exhaust the memory of your machine +with a single call to this function.) + + + + +

+

string.reverse (s)

+ + +

+Returns a string that is the string s reversed. + + + + +

+

string.sub (s, i [, j])

+ + +

+Returns the substring of s that +starts at i and continues until j; +i and j can be negative. +If j is absent, then it is assumed to be equal to -1 +(which is the same as the string length). +In particular, +the call string.sub(s,1,j) returns a prefix of s +with length j, +and string.sub(s, -i) (for a positive i) +returns a suffix of s +with length i. + + +

+If, after the translation of negative indices, +i is less than 1, +it is corrected to 1. +If j is greater than the string length, +it is corrected to that length. +If, after these corrections, +i is greater than j, +the function returns the empty string. + + + + +

+

string.unpack (fmt, s [, pos])

+ + +

+Returns the values packed in string s (see string.pack) +according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2). +An optional pos marks where +to start reading in s (default is 1). +After the read values, +this function also returns the index of the first unread byte in s. + + + + +

+

string.upper (s)

+ + +

+Receives a string and returns a copy of this string with all +lowercase letters changed to uppercase. +All other characters are left unchanged. +The definition of what a lowercase letter is depends on the current locale. + + + + + + + +

6.4.1 – Patterns

+ + + +

+Patterns in Lua are described by regular strings, +which are interpreted as patterns by the pattern-matching functions +string.find, +string.gmatch, +string.gsub, +and string.match. +This section describes the syntax and the meaning +(that is, what they match) of these strings. + + + + + +

Character Class:

+A character class is used to represent a set of characters. +The following combinations are allowed in describing a character class: + +

    + +
  • x: +(where x is not one of the magic characters +^$()%.[]*+-?) +represents the character x itself. +
    • + +
  • .: (a dot) represents all characters.
    • + +
  • %a: represents all letters.
    • + +
  • %c: represents all control characters.
    • + +
  • %d: represents all digits.
    • + +
  • %g: represents all printable characters except space.
    • + +
  • %l: represents all lowercase letters.
    • + +
  • %p: represents all punctuation characters.
    • + +
  • %s: represents all space characters.
    • + +
  • %u: represents all uppercase letters.
    • + +
  • %w: represents all alphanumeric characters.
    • + +
  • %x: represents all hexadecimal digits.
    • + +
  • %x: (where x is any non-alphanumeric character) +represents the character x. +This is the standard way to escape the magic characters. +Any non-alphanumeric character +(including all punctuation characters, even the non-magical) +can be preceded by a '%' to represent itself in a pattern. +
    • + +
  • [set]: +represents the class which is the union of all +characters in set. +A range of characters can be specified by +separating the end characters of the range, +in ascending order, with a '-'. +All classes %x described above can also be used as +components in set. +All other characters in set represent themselves. +For example, [%w_] (or [_%w]) +represents all alphanumeric characters plus the underscore, +[0-7] represents the octal digits, +and [0-7%l%-] represents the octal digits plus +the lowercase letters plus the '-' character. + + +

    +You can put a closing square bracket in a set +by positioning it as the first character in the set. +You can put a hyphen in a set +by positioning it as the first or the last character in the set. +(You can also use an escape for both cases.) + + +

    +The interaction between ranges and classes is not defined. +Therefore, patterns like [%a-z] or [a-%%] +have no meaning. +

    • + +
  • [^set]: +represents the complement of set, +where set is interpreted as above. +
    • + +

+For all classes represented by single letters (%a, %c, etc.), +the corresponding uppercase letter represents the complement of the class. +For instance, %S represents all non-space characters. + + +

+The definitions of letter, space, and other character groups +depend on the current locale. +In particular, the class [a-z] may not be equivalent to %l. + + + + + +

Pattern Item:

+A pattern item can be + +

    + +
  • +a single character class, +which matches any single character in the class; +
    • + +
  • +a single character class followed by '*', +which matches sequences of zero or more characters in the class. +These repetition items will always match the longest possible sequence; +
    • + +
  • +a single character class followed by '+', +which matches sequences of one or more characters in the class. +These repetition items will always match the longest possible sequence; +
    • + +
  • +a single character class followed by '-', +which also matches sequences of zero or more characters in the class. +Unlike '*', +these repetition items will always match the shortest possible sequence; +
    • + +
  • +a single character class followed by '?', +which matches zero or one occurrence of a character in the class. +It always matches one occurrence if possible; +
    • + +
  • +%n, for n between 1 and 9; +such item matches a substring equal to the n-th captured string +(see below); +
    • + +
  • +%bxy, where x and y are two distinct characters; +such item matches strings that start with x, end with y, +and where the x and y are balanced. +This means that, if one reads the string from left to right, +counting +1 for an x and -1 for a y, +the ending y is the first y where the count reaches 0. +For instance, the item %b() matches expressions with +balanced parentheses. +
    • + +
  • +%f[set], a frontier pattern; +such item matches an empty string at any position such that +the next character belongs to set +and the previous character does not belong to set. +The set set is interpreted as previously described. +The beginning and the end of the subject are handled as if +they were the character '\0'. +
    • + +
+ + + + +

Pattern:

+A pattern is a sequence of pattern items. +A caret '^' at the beginning of a pattern anchors the match at the +beginning of the subject string. +A '$' at the end of a pattern anchors the match at the +end of the subject string. +At other positions, +'^' and '$' have no special meaning and represent themselves. + + + + + +

Captures:

+A pattern can contain sub-patterns enclosed in parentheses; +they describe captures. +When a match succeeds, the substrings of the subject string +that match captures are stored (captured) for future use. +Captures are numbered according to their left parentheses. +For instance, in the pattern "(a*(.)%w(%s*))", +the part of the string matching "a*(.)%w(%s*)" is +stored as the first capture, and therefore has number 1; +the character matching "." is captured with number 2, +and the part matching "%s*" has number 3. + + +

+As a special case, the capture () captures +the current string position (a number). +For instance, if we apply the pattern "()aa()" on the +string "flaaap", there will be two captures: 3 and 5. + + + + + +

Multiple matches:

+The function string.gsub and the iterator string.gmatch +match multiple occurrences of the given pattern in the subject. +For these functions, +a new match is considered valid only +if it ends at least one byte after the end of the previous match. +In other words, the pattern machine never accepts the +empty string as a match immediately after another match. +As an example, +consider the results of the following code: + +

+     > string.gsub("abc", "()a*()", print);
+     --> 1   2
+     --> 3   3
+     --> 4   4
+

+The second and third results come from Lua matching an empty +string after 'b' and another one after 'c'. +Lua does not match an empty string after 'a', +because it would end at the same position of the previous match. + + + + + + + +

6.4.2 – Format Strings for Pack and Unpack

+ +

+The first argument to string.pack, +string.packsize, and string.unpack +is a format string, +which describes the layout of the structure being created or read. + + +

+A format string is a sequence of conversion options. +The conversion options are as follows: + +

    +
  • <: sets little endian
    • +
  • >: sets big endian
    • +
  • =: sets native endian
    • +
  • ![n]: sets maximum alignment to n +(default is native alignment)
    • +
  • b: a signed byte (char)
    • +
  • B: an unsigned byte (char)
    • +
  • h: a signed short (native size)
    • +
  • H: an unsigned short (native size)
    • +
  • l: a signed long (native size)
    • +
  • L: an unsigned long (native size)
    • +
  • j: a lua_Integer
    • +
  • J: a lua_Unsigned
    • +
  • T: a size_t (native size)
    • +
  • i[n]: a signed int with n bytes +(default is native size)
    • +
  • I[n]: an unsigned int with n bytes +(default is native size)
    • +
  • f: a float (native size)
    • +
  • d: a double (native size)
    • +
  • n: a lua_Number
    • +
  • cn: a fixed-sized string with n bytes
    • +
  • z: a zero-terminated string
    • +
  • s[n]: a string preceded by its length +coded as an unsigned integer with n bytes +(default is a size_t)
    • +
  • x: one byte of padding
    • +
  • Xop: an empty item that aligns +according to option op +(which is otherwise ignored)
    • +
  • ' ': (space) ignored
    • +

+(A "[n]" means an optional integral numeral.) +Except for padding, spaces, and configurations +(options "xX <=>!"), +each option corresponds to an argument in string.pack +or a result in string.unpack. + + +

+For options "!n", "sn", "in", and "In", +n can be any integer between 1 and 16. +All integral options check overflows; +string.pack checks whether the given value fits in the given size; +string.unpack checks whether the read value fits in a Lua integer. +For the unsigned options, +Lua integers are treated as unsigned values too. + + +

+Any format string starts as if prefixed by "!1=", +that is, +with maximum alignment of 1 (no alignment) +and native endianness. + + +

+Native endianness assumes that the whole system is +either big or little endian. +The packing functions will not emulate correctly the behavior +of mixed-endian formats. + + +

+Alignment works as follows: +For each option, +the format gets extra padding until the data starts +at an offset that is a multiple of the minimum between the +option size and the maximum alignment; +this minimum must be a power of 2. +Options "c" and "z" are not aligned; +option "s" follows the alignment of its starting integer. + + +

+All padding is filled with zeros by string.pack +and ignored by string.unpack. + + + + + + + +

6.5 – UTF-8 Support

+ +

+This library provides basic support for UTF-8 encoding. +It provides all its functions inside the table utf8. +This library does not provide any support for Unicode other +than the handling of the encoding. +Any operation that needs the meaning of a character, +such as character classification, is outside its scope. + + +

+Unless stated otherwise, +all functions that expect a byte position as a parameter +assume that the given position is either the start of a byte sequence +or one plus the length of the subject string. +As in the string library, +negative indices count from the end of the string. + + +

+Functions that create byte sequences +accept all values up to 0x7FFFFFFF, +as defined in the original UTF-8 specification; +that implies byte sequences of up to six bytes. + + +

+Functions that interpret byte sequences only accept +valid sequences (well formed and not overlong). +By default, they only accept byte sequences +that result in valid Unicode code points, +rejecting values greater than 10FFFF and surrogates. +A boolean argument lax, when available, +lifts these checks, +so that all values up to 0x7FFFFFFF are accepted. +(Not well formed and overlong sequences are still rejected.) + + +

+

utf8.char (···)

+ + +

+Receives zero or more integers, +converts each one to its corresponding UTF-8 byte sequence +and returns a string with the concatenation of all these sequences. + + + + +

+

utf8.charpattern

+ + +

+The pattern (a string, not a function) "[\0-\x7F\xC2-\xFD][\x80-\xBF]*" +(see §6.4.1), +which matches exactly one UTF-8 byte sequence, +assuming that the subject is a valid UTF-8 string. + + + + +

+

utf8.codes (s [, lax])

+ + +

+Returns values so that the construction + +

+     for p, c in utf8.codes(s) do body end
+

+will iterate over all UTF-8 characters in string s, +with p being the position (in bytes) and c the code point +of each character. +It raises an error if it meets any invalid byte sequence. + + + + +

+

utf8.codepoint (s [, i [, j [, lax]]])

+ + +

+Returns the code points (as integers) from all characters in s +that start between byte position i and j (both included). +The default for i is 1 and for j is i. +It raises an error if it meets any invalid byte sequence. + + + + +

+

utf8.len (s [, i [, j [, lax]]])

+ + +

+Returns the number of UTF-8 characters in string s +that start between positions i and j (both inclusive). +The default for i is 1 and for j is -1. +If it finds any invalid byte sequence, +returns fail plus the position of the first invalid byte. + + + + +

+

utf8.offset (s, n [, i])

+ + +

+Returns the position (in bytes) where the encoding of the +n-th character of s +(counting from position i) starts. +A negative n gets characters before position i. +The default for i is 1 when n is non-negative +and #s + 1 otherwise, +so that utf8.offset(s, -n) gets the offset of the +n-th character from the end of the string. +If the specified character is neither in the subject +nor right after its end, +the function returns fail. + + +

+As a special case, +when n is 0 the function returns the start of the encoding +of the character that contains the i-th byte of s. + + +

+This function assumes that s is a valid UTF-8 string. + + + + + + + +

6.6 – Table Manipulation

+ +

+This library provides generic functions for table manipulation. +It provides all its functions inside the table table. + + +

+Remember that, whenever an operation needs the length of a table, +all caveats about the length operator apply (see §3.4.7). +All functions ignore non-numeric keys +in the tables given as arguments. + + +

+

table.concat (list [, sep [, i [, j]]])

+ + +

+Given a list where all elements are strings or numbers, +returns the string list[i]..sep..list[i+1] ··· sep..list[j]. +The default value for sep is the empty string, +the default for i is 1, +and the default for j is #list. +If i is greater than j, returns the empty string. + + + + +

+

table.insert (list, [pos,] value)

+ + +

+Inserts element value at position pos in list, +shifting up the elements +list[pos], list[pos+1], ···, list[#list]. +The default value for pos is #list+1, +so that a call table.insert(t,x) inserts x at the end +of the list t. + + + + +

+

table.move (a1, f, e, t [,a2])

+ + +

+Moves elements from the table a1 to the table a2, +performing the equivalent to the following +multiple assignment: +a2[t],··· = a1[f],···,a1[e]. +The default for a2 is a1. +The destination range can overlap with the source range. +The number of elements to be moved must fit in a Lua integer. + + +

+Returns the destination table a2. + + + + +

+

table.pack (···)

+ + +

+Returns a new table with all arguments stored into keys 1, 2, etc. +and with a field "n" with the total number of arguments. +Note that the resulting table may not be a sequence, +if some arguments are nil. + + + + +

+

table.remove (list [, pos])

+ + +

+Removes from list the element at position pos, +returning the value of the removed element. +When pos is an integer between 1 and #list, +it shifts down the elements +list[pos+1], list[pos+2], ···, list[#list] +and erases element list[#list]; +The index pos can also be 0 when #list is 0, +or #list + 1. + + +

+The default value for pos is #list, +so that a call table.remove(l) removes the last element +of the list l. + + + + +

+

table.sort (list [, comp])

+ + +

+Sorts the list elements in a given order, in-place, +from list[1] to list[#list]. +If comp is given, +then it must be a function that receives two list elements +and returns true when the first element must come +before the second in the final order, +so that, after the sort, +i <= j implies not comp(list[j],list[i]). +If comp is not given, +then the standard Lua operator < is used instead. + + +

+The comp function must define a consistent order; +more formally, the function must define a strict weak order. +(A weak order is similar to a total order, +but it can equate different elements for comparison purposes.) + + +

+The sort algorithm is not stable: +Different elements considered equal by the given order +may have their relative positions changed by the sort. + + + + +

+

table.unpack (list [, i [, j]])

+ + +

+Returns the elements from the given list. +This function is equivalent to + +

+     return list[i], list[i+1], ···, list[j]
+

+By default, i is 1 and j is #list. + + + + + + + +

6.7 – Mathematical Functions

+ +

+This library provides basic mathematical functions. +It provides all its functions and constants inside the table math. +Functions with the annotation "integer/float" give +integer results for integer arguments +and float results for non-integer arguments. +The rounding functions +math.ceil, math.floor, and math.modf +return an integer when the result fits in the range of an integer, +or a float otherwise. + + +

+

math.abs (x)

+ + +

+Returns the maximum value between x and -x. (integer/float) + + + + +

+

math.acos (x)

+ + +

+Returns the arc cosine of x (in radians). + + + + +

+

math.asin (x)

+ + +

+Returns the arc sine of x (in radians). + + + + +

+

math.atan (y [, x])

+ + +

+ +Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians), +using the signs of both arguments to find the +quadrant of the result. +It also handles correctly the case of x being zero. + + +

+The default value for x is 1, +so that the call math.atan(y) +returns the arc tangent of y. + + + + +

+

math.ceil (x)

+ + +

+Returns the smallest integral value greater than or equal to x. + + + + +

+

math.cos (x)

+ + +

+Returns the cosine of x (assumed to be in radians). + + + + +

+

math.deg (x)

+ + +

+Converts the angle x from radians to degrees. + + + + +

+

math.exp (x)

+ + +

+Returns the value ex +(where e is the base of natural logarithms). + + + + +

+

math.floor (x)

+ + +

+Returns the largest integral value less than or equal to x. + + + + +

+

math.fmod (x, y)

+ + +

+Returns the remainder of the division of x by y +that rounds the quotient towards zero. (integer/float) + + + + +

+

math.huge

+ + +

+The float value HUGE_VAL, +a value greater than any other numeric value. + + + + +

+

math.log (x [, base])

+ + +

+Returns the logarithm of x in the given base. +The default for base is e +(so that the function returns the natural logarithm of x). + + + + +

+

math.max (x, ···)

+ + +

+Returns the argument with the maximum value, +according to the Lua operator <. + + + + +

+

math.maxinteger

+An integer with the maximum value for an integer. + + + + +

+

math.min (x, ···)

+ + +

+Returns the argument with the minimum value, +according to the Lua operator <. + + + + +

+

math.mininteger

+An integer with the minimum value for an integer. + + + + +

+

math.modf (x)

+ + +

+Returns the integral part of x and the fractional part of x. +Its second result is always a float. + + + + +

+

math.pi

+ + +

+The value of π. + + + + +

+

math.rad (x)

+ + +

+Converts the angle x from degrees to radians. + + + + +

+

math.random ([m [, n]])

+ + +

+When called without arguments, +returns a pseudo-random float with uniform distribution +in the range [0,1). +When called with two integers m and n, +math.random returns a pseudo-random integer +with uniform distribution in the range [m, n]. +The call math.random(n), for a positive n, +is equivalent to math.random(1,n). +The call math.random(0) produces an integer with +all bits (pseudo)random. + + +

+This function uses the xoshiro256** algorithm to produce +pseudo-random 64-bit integers, +which are the results of calls with argument 0. +Other results (ranges and floats) +are unbiased extracted from these integers. + + +

+Lua initializes its pseudo-random generator with the equivalent of +a call to math.randomseed with no arguments, +so that math.random should generate +different sequences of results each time the program runs. + + + + +

+

math.randomseed ([x [, y]])

+ + +

+When called with at least one argument, +the integer parameters x and y are +joined into a 128-bit seed that +is used to reinitialize the pseudo-random generator; +equal seeds produce equal sequences of numbers. +The default for y is zero. + + +

+When called with no arguments, +Lua generates a seed with +a weak attempt for randomness. + + +

+This function returns the two seed components +that were effectively used, +so that setting them again repeats the sequence. + + +

+To ensure a required level of randomness to the initial state +(or contrarily, to have a deterministic sequence, +for instance when debugging a program), +you should call math.randomseed with explicit arguments. + + + + +

+

math.sin (x)

+ + +

+Returns the sine of x (assumed to be in radians). + + + + +

+

math.sqrt (x)

+ + +

+Returns the square root of x. +(You can also use the expression x^0.5 to compute this value.) + + + + +

+

math.tan (x)

+ + +

+Returns the tangent of x (assumed to be in radians). + + + + +

+

math.tointeger (x)

+ + +

+If the value x is convertible to an integer, +returns that integer. +Otherwise, returns fail. + + + + +

+

math.type (x)

+ + +

+Returns "integer" if x is an integer, +"float" if it is a float, +or fail if x is not a number. + + + + +

+

math.ult (m, n)

+ + +

+Returns a boolean, +true if and only if integer m is below integer n when +they are compared as unsigned integers. + + + + + + + +

6.8 – Input and Output Facilities

+ +

+The I/O library provides two different styles for file manipulation. +The first one uses implicit file handles; +that is, there are operations to set a default input file and a +default output file, +and all input/output operations are done over these default files. +The second style uses explicit file handles. + + +

+When using implicit file handles, +all operations are supplied by table io. +When using explicit file handles, +the operation io.open returns a file handle +and then all operations are supplied as methods of the file handle. + + +

+The metatable for file handles provides metamethods +for __gc and __close that try +to close the file when called. + + +

+The table io also provides +three predefined file handles with their usual meanings from C: +io.stdin, io.stdout, and io.stderr. +The I/O library never closes these files. + + +

+Unless otherwise stated, +all I/O functions return fail on failure, +plus an error message as a second result and +a system-dependent error code as a third result, +and some non-false value on success. +On non-POSIX systems, +the computation of the error message and error code +in case of errors +may be not thread safe, +because they rely on the global C variable errno. + + +

+

io.close ([file])

+ + +

+Equivalent to file:close(). +Without a file, closes the default output file. + + + + +

+

io.flush ()

+ + +

+Equivalent to io.output():flush(). + + + + +

+

io.input ([file])

+ + +

+When called with a file name, it opens the named file (in text mode), +and sets its handle as the default input file. +When called with a file handle, +it simply sets this file handle as the default input file. +When called without arguments, +it returns the current default input file. + + +

+In case of errors this function raises the error, +instead of returning an error code. + + + + +

+

io.lines ([filename, ···])

+ + +

+Opens the given file name in read mode +and returns an iterator function that +works like file:lines(···) over the opened file. +When the iterator function fails to read any value, +it automatically closes the file. +Besides the iterator function, +io.lines returns three other values: +two nil values as placeholders, +plus the created file handle. +Therefore, when used in a generic for loop, +the file is closed also if the loop is interrupted by an +error or a break. + + +

+The call io.lines() (with no file name) is equivalent +to io.input():lines("l"); +that is, it iterates over the lines of the default input file. +In this case, the iterator does not close the file when the loop ends. + + +

+In case of errors opening the file, +this function raises the error, +instead of returning an error code. + + + + +

+

io.open (filename [, mode])

+ + +

+This function opens a file, +in the mode specified in the string mode. +In case of success, +it returns a new file handle. + + +

+The mode string can be any of the following: + +

    +
  • "r": read mode (the default);
    • +
  • "w": write mode;
    • +
  • "a": append mode;
    • +
  • "r+": update mode, all previous data is preserved;
    • +
  • "w+": update mode, all previous data is erased;
    • +
  • "a+": append update mode, previous data is preserved, + writing is only allowed at the end of file.
    • +

+The mode string can also have a 'b' at the end, +which is needed in some systems to open the file in binary mode. + + + + +

+

io.output ([file])

+ + +

+Similar to io.input, but operates over the default output file. + + + + +

+

io.popen (prog [, mode])

+ + +

+This function is system dependent and is not available +on all platforms. + + +

+Starts the program prog in a separated process and returns +a file handle that you can use to read data from this program +(if mode is "r", the default) +or to write data to this program +(if mode is "w"). + + + + +

+

io.read (···)

+ + +

+Equivalent to io.input():read(···). + + + + +

+

io.tmpfile ()

+ + +

+In case of success, +returns a handle for a temporary file. +This file is opened in update mode +and it is automatically removed when the program ends. + + + + +

+

io.type (obj)

+ + +

+Checks whether obj is a valid file handle. +Returns the string "file" if obj is an open file handle, +"closed file" if obj is a closed file handle, +or fail if obj is not a file handle. + + + + +

+

io.write (···)

+ + +

+Equivalent to io.output():write(···). + + + + +

+

file:close ()

+ + +

+Closes file. +Note that files are automatically closed when +their handles are garbage collected, +but that takes an unpredictable amount of time to happen. + + +

+When closing a file handle created with io.popen, +file:close returns the same values +returned by os.execute. + + + + +

+

file:flush ()

+ + +

+Saves any written data to file. + + + + +

+

file:lines (···)

+ + +

+Returns an iterator function that, +each time it is called, +reads the file according to the given formats. +When no format is given, +uses "l" as a default. +As an example, the construction + +

+     for c in file:lines(1) do body end
+

+will iterate over all characters of the file, +starting at the current position. +Unlike io.lines, this function does not close the file +when the loop ends. + + + + +

+

file:read (···)

+ + +

+Reads the file file, +according to the given formats, which specify what to read. +For each format, +the function returns a string or a number with the characters read, +or fail if it cannot read data with the specified format. +(In this latter case, +the function does not read subsequent formats.) +When called without arguments, +it uses a default format that reads the next line +(see below). + + +

+The available formats are + +

    + +
  • "n": +reads a numeral and returns it as a float or an integer, +following the lexical conventions of Lua. +(The numeral may have leading whitespaces and a sign.) +This format always reads the longest input sequence that +is a valid prefix for a numeral; +if that prefix does not form a valid numeral +(e.g., an empty string, "0x", or "3.4e-") +or it is too long (more than 200 characters), +it is discarded and the format returns fail. +
    • + +
  • "a": +reads the whole file, starting at the current position. +On end of file, it returns the empty string; +this format never fails. +
    • + +
  • "l": +reads the next line skipping the end of line, +returning fail on end of file. +This is the default format. +
    • + +
  • "L": +reads the next line keeping the end-of-line character (if present), +returning fail on end of file. +
    • + +
  • number: +reads a string with up to this number of bytes, +returning fail on end of file. +If number is zero, +it reads nothing and returns an empty string, +or fail on end of file. +
    • + +

+The formats "l" and "L" should be used only for text files. + + + + +

+

file:seek ([whence [, offset]])

+ + +

+Sets and gets the file position, +measured from the beginning of the file, +to the position given by offset plus a base +specified by the string whence, as follows: + +

    +
  • "set": base is position 0 (beginning of the file);
    • +
  • "cur": base is current position;
    • +
  • "end": base is end of file;
    • +

+In case of success, seek returns the final file position, +measured in bytes from the beginning of the file. +If seek fails, it returns fail, +plus a string describing the error. + + +

+The default value for whence is "cur", +and for offset is 0. +Therefore, the call file:seek() returns the current +file position, without changing it; +the call file:seek("set") sets the position to the +beginning of the file (and returns 0); +and the call file:seek("end") sets the position to the +end of the file, and returns its size. + + + + +

+

file:setvbuf (mode [, size])

+ + +

+Sets the buffering mode for a file. +There are three available modes: + +

    +
  • "no": no buffering.
    • +
  • "full": full buffering.
    • +
  • "line": line buffering.
    • +
+ +

+For the last two cases, +size is a hint for the size of the buffer, in bytes. +The default is an appropriate size. + + +

+The specific behavior of each mode is non portable; +check the underlying ISO C function setvbuf in your platform for +more details. + + + + +

+

file:write (···)

+ + +

+Writes the value of each of its arguments to file. +The arguments must be strings or numbers. + + +

+In case of success, this function returns file. + + + + + + + +

6.9 – Operating System Facilities

+ +

+This library is implemented through table os. + + +

+

os.clock ()

+ + +

+Returns an approximation of the amount in seconds of CPU time +used by the program, +as returned by the underlying ISO C function clock. + + + + +

+

os.date ([format [, time]])

+ + +

+Returns a string or a table containing date and time, +formatted according to the given string format. + + +

+If the time argument is present, +this is the time to be formatted +(see the os.time function for a description of this value). +Otherwise, date formats the current time. + + +

+If format starts with '!', +then the date is formatted in Coordinated Universal Time. +After this optional character, +if format is the string "*t", +then date returns a table with the following fields: +year, month (1–12), day (1–31), +hour (0–23), min (0–59), +sec (0–61, due to leap seconds), +wday (weekday, 1–7, Sunday is 1), +yday (day of the year, 1–366), +and isdst (daylight saving flag, a boolean). +This last field may be absent +if the information is not available. + + +

+If format is not "*t", +then date returns the date as a string, +formatted according to the same rules as the ISO C function strftime. + + +

+If format is absent, it defaults to "%c", +which gives a human-readable date and time representation +using the current locale. + + +

+On non-POSIX systems, +this function may be not thread safe +because of its reliance on C function gmtime and C function localtime. + + + + +

+

os.difftime (t2, t1)

+ + +

+Returns the difference, in seconds, +from time t1 to time t2 +(where the times are values returned by os.time). +In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems, +this value is exactly t2-t1. + + + + +

+

os.execute ([command])

+ + +

+This function is equivalent to the ISO C function system. +It passes command to be executed by an operating system shell. +Its first result is true +if the command terminated successfully, +or fail otherwise. +After this first result +the function returns a string plus a number, +as follows: + +

    + +
  • "exit": +the command terminated normally; +the following number is the exit status of the command. +
    • + +
  • "signal": +the command was terminated by a signal; +the following number is the signal that terminated the command. +
    • + +
+ +

+When called without a command, +os.execute returns a boolean that is true if a shell is available. + + + + +

+

os.exit ([code [, close]])

+ + +

+Calls the ISO C function exit to terminate the host program. +If code is true, +the returned status is EXIT_SUCCESS; +if code is false, +the returned status is EXIT_FAILURE; +if code is a number, +the returned status is this number. +The default value for code is true. + + +

+If the optional second argument close is true, +the function closes the Lua state before exiting (see lua_close). + + + + +

+

os.getenv (varname)

+ + +

+Returns the value of the process environment variable varname +or fail if the variable is not defined. + + + + +

+

os.remove (filename)

+ + +

+Deletes the file (or empty directory, on POSIX systems) +with the given name. +If this function fails, it returns fail +plus a string describing the error and the error code. +Otherwise, it returns true. + + + + +

+

os.rename (oldname, newname)

+ + +

+Renames the file or directory named oldname to newname. +If this function fails, it returns fail, +plus a string describing the error and the error code. +Otherwise, it returns true. + + + + +

+

os.setlocale (locale [, category])

+ + +

+Sets the current locale of the program. +locale is a system-dependent string specifying a locale; +category is an optional string describing which category to change: +"all", "collate", "ctype", +"monetary", "numeric", or "time"; +the default category is "all". +The function returns the name of the new locale, +or fail if the request cannot be honored. + + +

+If locale is the empty string, +the current locale is set to an implementation-defined native locale. +If locale is the string "C", +the current locale is set to the standard C locale. + + +

+When called with nil as the first argument, +this function only returns the name of the current locale +for the given category. + + +

+This function may be not thread safe +because of its reliance on C function setlocale. + + + + +

+

os.time ([table])

+ + +

+Returns the current time when called without arguments, +or a time representing the local date and time specified by the given table. +This table must have fields year, month, and day, +and may have fields +hour (default is 12), +min (default is 0), +sec (default is 0), +and isdst (default is nil). +Other fields are ignored. +For a description of these fields, see the os.date function. + + +

+When the function is called, +the values in these fields do not need to be inside their valid ranges. +For instance, if sec is -10, +it means 10 seconds before the time specified by the other fields; +if hour is 1000, +it means 1000 hours after the time specified by the other fields. + + +

+The returned value is a number, whose meaning depends on your system. +In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems, +this number counts the number +of seconds since some given start time (the "epoch"). +In other systems, the meaning is not specified, +and the number returned by time can be used only as an argument to +os.date and os.difftime. + + +

+When called with a table, +os.time also normalizes all the fields +documented in the os.date function, +so that they represent the same time as before the call +but with values inside their valid ranges. + + + + +

+

os.tmpname ()

+ + +

+Returns a string with a file name that can +be used for a temporary file. +The file must be explicitly opened before its use +and explicitly removed when no longer needed. + + +

+In POSIX systems, +this function also creates a file with that name, +to avoid security risks. +(Someone else might create the file with wrong permissions +in the time between getting the name and creating the file.) +You still have to open the file to use it +and to remove it (even if you do not use it). + + +

+When possible, +you may prefer to use io.tmpfile, +which automatically removes the file when the program ends. + + + + + + + +

6.10 – The Debug Library

+ +

+This library provides +the functionality of the debug interface (§4.7) to Lua programs. +You should exert care when using this library. +Several of its functions +violate basic assumptions about Lua code +(e.g., that variables local to a function +cannot be accessed from outside; +that userdata metatables cannot be changed by Lua code; +that Lua programs do not crash) +and therefore can compromise otherwise secure code. +Moreover, some functions in this library may be slow. + + +

+All functions in this library are provided +inside the debug table. +All functions that operate over a thread +have an optional first argument which is the +thread to operate over. +The default is always the current thread. + + +

+

debug.debug ()

+ + +

+Enters an interactive mode with the user, +running each string that the user enters. +Using simple commands and other debug facilities, +the user can inspect global and local variables, +change their values, evaluate expressions, and so on. +A line containing only the word cont finishes this function, +so that the caller continues its execution. + + +

+Note that commands for debug.debug are not lexically nested +within any function and so have no direct access to local variables. + + + + +

+

debug.gethook ([thread])

+ + +

+Returns the current hook settings of the thread, as three values: +the current hook function, the current hook mask, +and the current hook count, +as set by the debug.sethook function. + + +

+Returns fail if there is no active hook. + + + + +

+

debug.getinfo ([thread,] f [, what])

+ + +

+Returns a table with information about a function. +You can give the function directly +or you can give a number as the value of f, +which means the function running at level f of the call stack +of the given thread: +level 0 is the current function (getinfo itself); +level 1 is the function that called getinfo +(except for tail calls, which do not count in the stack); +and so on. +If f is a number greater than the number of active functions, +then getinfo returns fail. + + +

+The returned table can contain all the fields returned by lua_getinfo, +with the string what describing which fields to fill in. +The default for what is to get all information available, +except the table of valid lines. +If present, +the option 'f' +adds a field named func with the function itself. +If present, +the option 'L' +adds a field named activelines with the table of +valid lines. + + +

+For instance, the expression debug.getinfo(1,"n").name returns +a name for the current function, +if a reasonable name can be found, +and the expression debug.getinfo(print) +returns a table with all available information +about the print function. + + + + +

+

debug.getlocal ([thread,] f, local)

+ + +

+This function returns the name and the value of the local variable +with index local of the function at level f of the stack. +This function accesses not only explicit local variables, +but also parameters and temporary values. + + +

+The first parameter or local variable has index 1, and so on, +following the order that they are declared in the code, +counting only the variables that are active +in the current scope of the function. +Compile-time constants may not appear in this listing, +if they were optimized away by the compiler. +Negative indices refer to vararg arguments; +-1 is the first vararg argument. +The function returns fail +if there is no variable with the given index, +and raises an error when called with a level out of range. +(You can call debug.getinfo to check whether the level is valid.) + + +

+Variable names starting with '(' (open parenthesis) +represent variables with no known names +(internal variables such as loop control variables, +and variables from chunks saved without debug information). + + +

+The parameter f may also be a function. +In that case, getlocal returns only the name of function parameters. + + + + +

+

debug.getmetatable (value)

+ + +

+Returns the metatable of the given value +or nil if it does not have a metatable. + + + + +

+

debug.getregistry ()

+ + +

+Returns the registry table (see §4.3). + + + + +

+

debug.getupvalue (f, up)

+ + +

+This function returns the name and the value of the upvalue +with index up of the function f. +The function returns fail +if there is no upvalue with the given index. + + +

+(For Lua functions, +upvalues are the external local variables that the function uses, +and that are consequently included in its closure.) + + +

+For C functions, this function uses the empty string "" +as a name for all upvalues. + + +

+Variable name '?' (interrogation mark) +represents variables with no known names +(variables from chunks saved without debug information). + + + + +

+

debug.getuservalue (u, n)

+ + +

+Returns the n-th user value associated +to the userdata u plus a boolean, +false if the userdata does not have that value. + + + + +

+

debug.sethook ([thread,] hook, mask [, count])

+ + +

+Sets the given function as the debug hook. +The string mask and the number count describe +when the hook will be called. +The string mask may have any combination of the following characters, +with the given meaning: + +

    +
  • 'c': the hook is called every time Lua calls a function;
    • +
  • 'r': the hook is called every time Lua returns from a function;
    • +
  • 'l': the hook is called every time Lua enters a new line of code.
    • +

+Moreover, +with a count different from zero, +the hook is called also after every count instructions. + + +

+When called without arguments, +debug.sethook turns off the hook. + + +

+When the hook is called, its first parameter is a string +describing the event that has triggered its call: +"call", "tail call", "return", +"line", and "count". +For line events, +the hook also gets the new line number as its second parameter. +Inside a hook, +you can call getinfo with level 2 to get more information about +the running function. +(Level 0 is the getinfo function, +and level 1 is the hook function.) + + + + +

+

debug.setlocal ([thread,] level, local, value)

+ + +

+This function assigns the value value to the local variable +with index local of the function at level level of the stack. +The function returns fail if there is no local +variable with the given index, +and raises an error when called with a level out of range. +(You can call getinfo to check whether the level is valid.) +Otherwise, it returns the name of the local variable. + + +

+See debug.getlocal for more information about +variable indices and names. + + + + +

+

debug.setmetatable (value, table)

+ + +

+Sets the metatable for the given value to the given table +(which can be nil). +Returns value. + + + + +

+

debug.setupvalue (f, up, value)

+ + +

+This function assigns the value value to the upvalue +with index up of the function f. +The function returns fail if there is no upvalue +with the given index. +Otherwise, it returns the name of the upvalue. + + +

+See debug.getupvalue for more information about upvalues. + + + + +

+

debug.setuservalue (udata, value, n)

+ + +

+Sets the given value as +the n-th user value associated to the given udata. +udata must be a full userdata. + + +

+Returns udata, +or fail if the userdata does not have that value. + + + + +

+

debug.traceback ([thread,] [message [, level]])

+ + +

+If message is present but is neither a string nor nil, +this function returns message without further processing. +Otherwise, +it returns a string with a traceback of the call stack. +The optional message string is appended +at the beginning of the traceback. +An optional level number tells at which level +to start the traceback +(default is 1, the function calling traceback). + + + + +

+

debug.upvalueid (f, n)

+ + +

+Returns a unique identifier (as a light userdata) +for the upvalue numbered n +from the given function. + + +

+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different +closures share upvalues. +Lua closures that share an upvalue +(that is, that access a same external local variable) +will return identical ids for those upvalue indices. + + + + +

+

debug.upvaluejoin (f1, n1, f2, n2)

+ + +

+Make the n1-th upvalue of the Lua closure f1 +refer to the n2-th upvalue of the Lua closure f2. + + + + + + + +

7 – Lua Standalone

+ +

+Although Lua has been designed as an extension language, +to be embedded in a host C program, +it is also frequently used as a standalone language. +An interpreter for Lua as a standalone language, +called simply lua, +is provided with the standard distribution. +The standalone interpreter includes +all standard libraries. +Its usage is: + +

+     lua [options] [script [args]]
+

+The options are: + +

    +
  • -e stat: execute string stat;
    • +
  • -i: enter interactive mode after running script;
    • +
  • -l mod: "require" mod and assign the + result to global mod;
    • +
  • -l g=mod: "require" mod and assign the + result to global g;
    • +
  • -v: print version information;
    • +
  • -E: ignore environment variables;
    • +
  • -W: turn warnings on;
    • +
  • --: stop handling options;
    • +
  • -: execute stdin as a file and stop handling options.
    • +

+(The form -l g=mod was introduced in release 5.4.4.) + + +

+After handling its options, lua runs the given script. +When called without arguments, +lua behaves as lua -v -i +when the standard input (stdin) is a terminal, +and as lua - otherwise. + + +

+When called without the option -E, +the interpreter checks for an environment variable LUA_INIT_5_4 +(or LUA_INIT if the versioned name is not defined) +before running any argument. +If the variable content has the format @filename, +then lua executes the file. +Otherwise, lua executes the string itself. + + +

+When called with the option -E, +Lua does not consult any environment variables. +In particular, +the values of package.path and package.cpath +are set with the default paths defined in luaconf.h. + + +

+The options -e, -l, and -W are handled in +the order they appear. +For instance, an invocation like + +

+     $ lua -e 'a=1' -llib1 script.lua
+

+will first set a to 1, then require the library lib1, +and finally run the file script.lua with no arguments. +(Here $ is the shell prompt. Your prompt may be different.) + + +

+Before running any code, +lua collects all command-line arguments +in a global table called arg. +The script name goes to index 0, +the first argument after the script name goes to index 1, +and so on. +Any arguments before the script name +(that is, the interpreter name plus its options) +go to negative indices. +For instance, in the call + +

+     $ lua -la b.lua t1 t2
+

+the table is like this: + +

+     arg = { [-2] = "lua", [-1] = "-la",
+             [0] = "b.lua",
+             [1] = "t1", [2] = "t2" }
+

+If there is no script in the call, +the interpreter name goes to index 0, +followed by the other arguments. +For instance, the call + +

+     $ lua -e "print(arg[1])"
+

+will print "-e". +If there is a script, +the script is called with arguments +arg[1], ···, arg[#arg]. +Like all chunks in Lua, +the script is compiled as a variadic function. + + +

+In interactive mode, +Lua repeatedly prompts and waits for a line. +After reading a line, +Lua first try to interpret the line as an expression. +If it succeeds, it prints its value. +Otherwise, it interprets the line as a statement. +If you write an incomplete statement, +the interpreter waits for its completion +by issuing a different prompt. + + +

+If the global variable _PROMPT contains a string, +then its value is used as the prompt. +Similarly, if the global variable _PROMPT2 contains a string, +its value is used as the secondary prompt +(issued during incomplete statements). + + +

+In case of unprotected errors in the script, +the interpreter reports the error to the standard error stream. +If the error object is not a string but +has a metamethod __tostring, +the interpreter calls this metamethod to produce the final message. +Otherwise, the interpreter converts the error object to a string +and adds a stack traceback to it. +When warnings are on, +they are simply printed in the standard error output. + + +

+When finishing normally, +the interpreter closes its main Lua state +(see lua_close). +The script can avoid this step by +calling os.exit to terminate. + + +

+To allow the use of Lua as a +script interpreter in Unix systems, +Lua skips the first line of a file chunk if it starts with #. +Therefore, Lua scripts can be made into executable programs +by using chmod +x and the #! form, +as in + +

+     #!/usr/local/bin/lua
+

+Of course, +the location of the Lua interpreter may be different in your machine. +If lua is in your PATH, +then + +

+     #!/usr/bin/env lua
+

+is a more portable solution. + + + +

8 – Incompatibilities with the Previous Version

+ + + +

+Here we list the incompatibilities that you may find when moving a program +from Lua 5.3 to Lua 5.4. + + +

+You can avoid some incompatibilities by compiling Lua with +appropriate options (see file luaconf.h). +However, +all these compatibility options will be removed in the future. +More often than not, +compatibility issues arise when these compatibility options +are removed. +So, whenever you have the chance, +you should try to test your code with a version of Lua compiled +with all compatibility options turned off. +That will ease transitions to newer versions of Lua. + + +

+Lua versions can always change the C API in ways that +do not imply source-code changes in a program, +such as the numeric values for constants +or the implementation of functions as macros. +Therefore, +you should never assume that binaries are compatible between +different Lua versions. +Always recompile clients of the Lua API when +using a new version. + + +

+Similarly, Lua versions can always change the internal representation +of precompiled chunks; +precompiled chunks are not compatible between different Lua versions. + + +

+The standard paths in the official distribution may +change between versions. + + + + + +

8.1 – Incompatibilities in the Language

+
    + +
  • +The coercion of strings to numbers in +arithmetic and bitwise operations +has been removed from the core language. +The string library does a similar job +for arithmetic (but not for bitwise) operations +using the string metamethods. +However, unlike in previous versions, +the new implementation preserves the implicit type of the numeral +in the string. +For instance, the result of "1" + "2" now is an integer, +not a float. +
    • + +
  • +Literal decimal integer constants that overflow are read as floats, +instead of wrapping around. +You can use hexadecimal notation for such constants if you +want the old behavior +(reading them as integers with wrap around). +
    • + +
  • +The use of the __lt metamethod to emulate __le +has been removed. +When needed, this metamethod must be explicitly defined. +
    • + +
  • +The semantics of the numerical for loop +over integers changed in some details. +In particular, the control variable never wraps around. +
    • + +
  • +A label for a goto cannot be declared where a label with the same +name is visible, even if this other label is declared in an enclosing +block. +
    • + +
  • +When finalizing an object, +Lua does not ignore __gc metamethods that are not functions. +Any value will be called, if present. +(Non-callable values will generate a warning, +like any other error when calling a finalizer.) +
    • + +
+ + + + +

8.2 – Incompatibilities in the Libraries

+
    + +
  • +The function print does not call tostring +to format its arguments; +instead, it has this functionality hardwired. +You should use __tostring to modify how values are printed. +
    • + +
  • +The pseudo-random number generator used by the function math.random +now starts with a somewhat random seed. +Moreover, it uses a different algorithm. +
    • + +
  • +By default, the decoding functions in the utf8 library +do not accept surrogates as valid code points. +An extra parameter in these functions makes them more permissive. +
    • + +
  • +The options "setpause" and "setstepmul" +of the function collectgarbage are deprecated. +You should use the new option "incremental" to set them. +
    • + +
  • +The function io.lines now returns four values, +instead of just one. +That can be a problem when it is used as the sole +argument to another function that has optional parameters, +such as in load(io.lines(filename, "L")). +To fix that issue, +you can wrap the call into parentheses, +to adjust its number of results to one. +
    • + +
+ + + + +

8.3 – Incompatibilities in the API

+ + +
    + +
  • +Full userdata now has an arbitrary number of associated user values. +Therefore, the functions lua_newuserdata, +lua_setuservalue, and lua_getuservalue were +replaced by lua_newuserdatauv, +lua_setiuservalue, and lua_getiuservalue, +which have an extra argument. + + +

    +For compatibility, the old names still work as macros assuming +one single user value. +Note, however, that userdata with zero user values +are more efficient memory-wise. +

    • + +
  • +The function lua_resume has an extra parameter. +This out parameter returns the number of values on +the top of the stack that were yielded or returned by the coroutine. +(In previous versions, +those values were the entire stack.) +
    • + +
  • +The function lua_version returns the version number, +instead of an address of the version number. +The Lua core should work correctly with libraries using their +own static copies of the same core, +so there is no need to check whether they are using the same +address space. +
    • + +
  • +The constant LUA_ERRGCMM was removed. +Errors in finalizers are never propagated; +instead, they generate a warning. +
    • + +
  • +The options LUA_GCSETPAUSE and LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL +of the function lua_gc are deprecated. +You should use the new option LUA_GCINC to set them. +
    • + +
+ + + + +

9 – The Complete Syntax of Lua

+ +

+Here is the complete syntax of Lua in extended BNF. +As usual in extended BNF, +{A} means 0 or more As, +and [A] means an optional A. +(For operator precedences, see §3.4.8; +for a description of the terminals +Name, Numeral, +and LiteralString, see §3.1.) + + + + +

+
+	chunk ::= block
+
+	block ::= {stat} [retstat]
+
+	stat ::=  ‘;’ | 
+		 varlist ‘=’ explist | 
+		 functioncall | 
+		 label | 
+		 break | 
+		 goto Name | 
+		 do block end | 
+		 while exp do block end | 
+		 repeat block until exp | 
+		 if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end | 
+		 for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end | 
+		 for namelist in explist do block end | 
+		 function funcname funcbody | 
+		 local function Name funcbody | 
+		 local attnamelist [‘=’ explist] 
+
+	attnamelist ::=  Name attrib {‘,’ Name attrib}
+
+	attrib ::= [‘<’ Name ‘>’]
+
+	retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
+
+	label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
+
+	funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
+
+	varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
+
+	var ::=  Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name 
+
+	namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
+
+	explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
+
+	exp ::=  nil | false | true | Numeral | LiteralString | ‘...’ | functiondef | 
+		 prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp 
+
+	prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
+
+	functioncall ::=  prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args 
+
+	args ::=  ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | LiteralString 
+
+	functiondef ::= function funcbody
+
+	funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
+
+	parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
+
+	tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
+
+	fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
+
+	field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
+
+	fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
+
+	binop ::=  ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘//’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ | 
+		 ‘&’ | ‘~’ | ‘|’ | ‘>>’ | ‘<<’ | ‘..’ | 
+		 ‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ | 
+		 and | or
+
+	unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’ | ‘~’
+
+
+ +

+ + + + + + + +

+Last update: +Tue May 2 20:09:38 UTC 2023 +

+ + + + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/osi-certified-72x60.png b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/osi-certified-72x60.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..07df5f6 Binary files /dev/null and b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/osi-certified-72x60.png differ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/readme.html b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/readme.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..918ec8e --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/doc/readme.html @@ -0,0 +1,337 @@ + + + +Lua 5.4 readme + + + + + + + +

+Lua +Welcome to Lua 5.4 +

+ +
+about +· +installation +· +changes +· +license +· +reference manual +
+ +

About Lua

+

+Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language +developed by a +team +at +PUC-Rio, +the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. +Lua is +free software +used in +many products and projects +around the world. + +

+Lua's +official web site +provides complete information +about Lua, +including +an +executive summary +and +updated +documentation, +especially the +reference manual, +which may differ slightly from the +local copy +distributed in this package. + +

Installing Lua

+

+Lua is distributed in +source +form. +You need to build it before using it. +Building Lua should be straightforward +because +Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C and compiles unmodified in all known +platforms that have an ANSI C compiler. +Lua also compiles unmodified as C++. +The instructions given below for building Lua are for Unix-like platforms, +such as Linux and Mac OS X. +See also +instructions for other systems +and +customization options. + +

+If you don't have the time or the inclination to compile Lua yourself, +get a binary from +LuaBinaries. + +

Building Lua

+

+In most common Unix-like platforms, simply do "make". +Here are the details. + +

    +
  1. +Open a terminal window and move to +the top-level directory, which is named lua-5.4.6. +The Makefile there controls both the build process and the installation process. +

    +

  2. + Do "make". The Makefile will guess your platform and build Lua for it. +

    +

  3. + If the guess failed, do "make help" and see if your platform is listed. + The platforms currently supported are: +

    +

    + guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris +

    +

    + If your platform is listed, just do "make xxx", where xxx + is your platform name. +

    + If your platform is not listed, try the closest one or posix, generic, + c89, in this order. +

    +

  4. +The compilation takes only a few moments +and produces three files in the src directory: +lua (the interpreter), +luac (the compiler), +and liblua.a (the library). +

    +

  5. + To check that Lua has been built correctly, do "make test" + after building Lua. This will run the interpreter and print its version. +
+

+If you're running Linux, try "make linux-readline" to build the interactive Lua interpreter with handy line-editing and history capabilities. +If you get compilation errors, +make sure you have installed the readline development package +(which is probably named libreadline-dev or readline-devel). +If you get link errors after that, +then try "make linux-readline MYLIBS=-ltermcap". + +

Installing Lua

+

+ Once you have built Lua, you may want to install it in an official + place in your system. In this case, do "make install". The official + place and the way to install files are defined in the Makefile. You'll + probably need the right permissions to install files, and so may need to do "sudo make install". + +

+ To build and install Lua in one step, do "make all install", + or "make xxx install", + where xxx is your platform name. + +

+ To install Lua locally after building it, do "make local". + This will create a directory install with subdirectories + bin, include, lib, man, share, + and install Lua as listed below. + + To install Lua locally, but in some other directory, do + "make install INSTALL_TOP=xxx", where xxx is your chosen directory. + The installation starts in the src and doc directories, + so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. + +

+
+ bin: +
+ lua luac +
+ include: +
+ lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp +
+ lib: +
+ liblua.a +
+ man/man1: +
+ lua.1 luac.1 +
+ +

+ These are the only directories you need for development. + If you only want to run Lua programs, + you only need the files in bin and man. + The files in include and lib are needed for + embedding Lua in C or C++ programs. + +

Customization

+

+ Three kinds of things can be customized by editing a file: +

    +
  • Where and how to install Lua — edit Makefile. +
  • How to build Lua — edit src/Makefile. +
  • Lua features — edit src/luaconf.h. +
+ +

+ You don't actually need to edit the Makefiles because you may set the + relevant variables in the command line when invoking make. + Nevertheless, it's probably best to edit and save the Makefiles to + record the changes you've made. + +

+ On the other hand, if you need to customize some Lua features, you'll need + to edit src/luaconf.h before building and installing Lua. + The edited file will be the one installed, and + it will be used by any Lua clients that you build, to ensure consistency. + Further customization is available to experts by editing the Lua sources. + +

Building Lua on other systems

+

+ If you're not using the usual Unix tools, then the instructions for + building Lua depend on the compiler you use. You'll need to create + projects (or whatever your compiler uses) for building the library, + the interpreter, and the compiler, as follows: + +

+
+library: +
+lapi.c lcode.c lctype.c ldebug.c ldo.c ldump.c lfunc.c lgc.c llex.c lmem.c lobject.c lopcodes.c lparser.c lstate.c lstring.c ltable.c ltm.c lundump.c lvm.c lzio.c +lauxlib.c lbaselib.c lcorolib.c ldblib.c liolib.c lmathlib.c loadlib.c loslib.c lstrlib.c ltablib.c lutf8lib.c linit.c +
+interpreter: +
+ library, lua.c +
+compiler: +
+ library, luac.c +
+ +

+ To use Lua as a library in your own programs, you'll need to know how to + create and use libraries with your compiler. Moreover, to dynamically load + C libraries for Lua, you'll need to know how to create dynamic libraries + and you'll need to make sure that the Lua API functions are accessible to + those dynamic libraries — but don't link the Lua library + into each dynamic library. For Unix, we recommend that the Lua library + be linked statically into the host program and its symbols exported for + dynamic linking; src/Makefile does this for the Lua interpreter. + For Windows, we recommend that the Lua library be a DLL. + In all cases, the compiler luac should be linked statically. + +

+ As mentioned above, you may edit src/luaconf.h to customize + some features before building Lua. + +

Changes since Lua 5.3

+

+Here are the main changes introduced in Lua 5.4. +The +reference manual +lists the +incompatibilities that had to be introduced. + +

Main changes

+
    +
  • new generational mode for garbage collection +
  • to-be-closed variables +
  • const variables +
  • userdata can have multiple user values +
  • new implementation for math.random +
  • warning system +
  • debug information about function arguments and returns +
  • new semantics for the integer 'for' loop +
  • optional 'init' argument to 'string.gmatch' +
  • new functions 'lua_resetthread' and 'coroutine.close' +
  • string-to-number coercions moved to the string library +
  • allocation function allowed to fail when shrinking a memory block +
  • new format '%p' in 'string.format' +
  • utf8 library accepts codepoints up to 2^31 +
+ +

License

+

+ +[osi certified] + +Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the +MIT license +reproduced below; +it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes, +at absolutely no cost without having to ask us. + +The only requirement is that if you do use Lua, +then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation. + +For details, see +this. + +

+Copyright © 1994–2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. + +

+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy +of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal +in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights +to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell +copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is +furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +

+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in +all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +

+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN +THE SOFTWARE. +

+

+ +

+Last update: +Tue May 2 20:08:55 UTC 2023 +

+ + + + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/Makefile b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b771196 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +# Makefile for building Lua +# See ../doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions. + +# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT ======================= + +# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values. +PLAT= guess + +CC= gcc -std=gnu99 +CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -Wextra -DLUA_COMPAT_5_3 $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS) +LDFLAGS= $(SYSLDFLAGS) $(MYLDFLAGS) +LIBS= -lm $(SYSLIBS) $(MYLIBS) + +AR= ar rcu +RANLIB= ranlib +RM= rm -f +UNAME= uname + +SYSCFLAGS= +SYSLDFLAGS= +SYSLIBS= + +MYCFLAGS= +MYLDFLAGS= +MYLIBS= +MYOBJS= + +# Special flags for compiler modules; -Os reduces code size. +CMCFLAGS= + +# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ======= + +PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris + +LUA_A= liblua.a +CORE_O= lapi.o lcode.o lctype.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o +LIB_O= lauxlib.o lbaselib.o lcorolib.o ldblib.o liolib.o lmathlib.o loadlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o lutf8lib.o linit.o +BASE_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(MYOBJS) + +LUA_T= lua +LUA_O= lua.o + +LUAC_T= luac +LUAC_O= luac.o + +ALL_O= $(BASE_O) $(LUA_O) $(LUAC_O) +ALL_T= $(LUA_A) $(LUA_T) $(LUAC_T) +ALL_A= $(LUA_A) + +# Targets start here. +default: $(PLAT) + +all: $(ALL_T) + +o: $(ALL_O) + +a: $(ALL_A) + +$(LUA_A): $(BASE_O) + $(AR) $@ $(BASE_O) + $(RANLIB) $@ + +$(LUA_T): $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) + $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) + +$(LUAC_T): $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) + $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) + +test: + ./$(LUA_T) -v + +clean: + $(RM) $(ALL_T) $(ALL_O) + +depend: + @$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MM l*.c + +echo: + @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)" + @echo "CC= $(CC)" + @echo "CFLAGS= $(CFLAGS)" + @echo "LDFLAGS= $(LDFLAGS)" + @echo "LIBS= $(LIBS)" + @echo "AR= $(AR)" + @echo "RANLIB= $(RANLIB)" + @echo "RM= $(RM)" + @echo "UNAME= $(UNAME)" + +# Convenience targets for popular platforms. +ALL= all + +help: + @echo "Do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:" + @echo " $(PLATS)" + @echo "See doc/readme.html for complete instructions." + +guess: + @echo Guessing `$(UNAME)` + @$(MAKE) `$(UNAME)` + +AIX aix: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" SYSLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall" + +bsd: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E" + +c89: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_C89" CC="gcc -std=c89" + @echo '' + @echo '*** C89 does not guarantee 64-bit integers for Lua.' + @echo '*** Make sure to compile all external Lua libraries' + @echo '*** with LUA_USE_C89 to ensure consistency' + @echo '' + +FreeBSD NetBSD OpenBSD freebsd: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE -I/usr/include/edit" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ledit" CC="cc" + +generic: $(ALL) + +ios: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_IOS" + +Linux linux: linux-noreadline + +linux-noreadline: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl" + +linux-readline: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline" + +Darwin macos macosx: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_MACOSX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-lreadline" + +mingw: + $(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua54.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \ + "AR=$(CC) -shared -o" "RANLIB=strip --strip-unneeded" \ + "SYSCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "SYSLIBS=" "SYSLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe + $(MAKE) "LUAC_T=luac.exe" luac.exe + +posix: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX" + +SunOS solaris: + $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN -D_REENTRANT" SYSLIBS="-ldl" + +# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY). +.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean default o a depend echo + +# Compiler modules may use special flags. +llex.o: + $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c llex.c + +lparser.o: + $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lparser.c + +lcode.o: + $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lcode.c + +# DO NOT DELETE + +lapi.o: lapi.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h \ + ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h +lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h +lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lcode.o: lcode.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \ + ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h +lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lctype.o: lctype.c lprefix.h lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h +ldblib.o: ldblib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +ldebug.o: ldebug.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \ + ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h +ldo.o: ldo.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h \ + lparser.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h +ldump.o: ldump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h +lfunc.o: lfunc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h +lgc.o: lgc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h +linit.o: linit.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h +liolib.o: liolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +llex.o: llex.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h \ + lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h llex.h lparser.h \ + lstring.h ltable.h +lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lmem.o: lmem.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h +loadlib.o: loadlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lobject.o: lobject.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h \ + ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h \ + lvm.h +lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lprefix.h lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h +loslib.o: loslib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lparser.o: lparser.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \ + ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h +lstate.o: lstate.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h \ + lstring.h ltable.h +lstring.o: lstring.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h +lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +ltable.o: ltable.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h +ltablib.o: ltablib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +ltm.o: ltm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h +lua.o: lua.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +luac.o: luac.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h ldebug.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lopnames.h lundump.h +lundump.o: lundump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h \ + lundump.h +lutf8lib.o: lutf8lib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h +lvm.o: lvm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \ + llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h \ + ltable.h lvm.h ljumptab.h +lzio.o: lzio.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h \ + lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h + +# (end of Makefile) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.c similarity index 76% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.c index 3e24781..34e64af 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.c @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const char lua_ident[] = /* -** Test for a valid index. +** Test for a valid index (one that is not the 'nilvalue'). ** '!ttisnil(o)' implies 'o != &G(L)->nilvalue', so it is not needed. ** However, it covers the most common cases in a faster way. */ @@ -53,64 +53,73 @@ const char lua_ident[] = #define isupvalue(i) ((i) < LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) +/* +** Convert an acceptable index to a pointer to its respective value. +** Non-valid indices return the special nil value 'G(L)->nilvalue'. +*/ static TValue *index2value (lua_State *L, int idx) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; if (idx > 0) { - StkId o = ci->func + idx; - api_check(L, idx <= L->ci->top - (ci->func + 1), "unacceptable index"); - if (o >= L->top) return &G(L)->nilvalue; + StkId o = ci->func.p + idx; + api_check(L, idx <= ci->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1), "unacceptable index"); + if (o >= L->top.p) return &G(L)->nilvalue; else return s2v(o); } else if (!ispseudo(idx)) { /* negative index */ - api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top - (ci->func + 1), "invalid index"); - return s2v(L->top + idx); + api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1), + "invalid index"); + return s2v(L->top.p + idx); } else if (idx == LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) return &G(L)->l_registry; else { /* upvalues */ idx = LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - idx; api_check(L, idx <= MAXUPVAL + 1, "upvalue index too large"); - if (ttislcf(s2v(ci->func))) /* light C function? */ - return &G(L)->nilvalue; /* it has no upvalues */ - else { - CClosure *func = clCvalue(s2v(ci->func)); - return (idx <= func->nupvalues) ? &func->upvalue[idx-1] : &G(L)->nilvalue; + if (ttisCclosure(s2v(ci->func.p))) { /* C closure? */ + CClosure *func = clCvalue(s2v(ci->func.p)); + return (idx <= func->nupvalues) ? &func->upvalue[idx-1] + : &G(L)->nilvalue; + } + else { /* light C function or Lua function (through a hook)?) */ + api_check(L, ttislcf(s2v(ci->func.p)), "caller not a C function"); + return &G(L)->nilvalue; /* no upvalues */ } } } -static StkId index2stack (lua_State *L, int idx) { + +/* +** Convert a valid actual index (not a pseudo-index) to its address. +*/ +l_sinline StkId index2stack (lua_State *L, int idx) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; if (idx > 0) { - StkId o = ci->func + idx; - api_check(L, o < L->top, "unacceptable index"); + StkId o = ci->func.p + idx; + api_check(L, o < L->top.p, "invalid index"); return o; } else { /* non-positive index */ - api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top - (ci->func + 1), "invalid index"); + api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1), + "invalid index"); api_check(L, !ispseudo(idx), "invalid index"); - return L->top + idx; + return L->top.p + idx; } } LUA_API int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int n) { int res; - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + CallInfo *ci; lua_lock(L); + ci = L->ci; api_check(L, n >= 0, "negative 'n'"); - if (L->stack_last - L->top > n) /* stack large enough? */ + if (L->stack_last.p - L->top.p > n) /* stack large enough? */ res = 1; /* yes; check is OK */ - else { /* no; need to grow stack */ - int inuse = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + EXTRA_STACK; - if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK - n) /* can grow without overflow? */ - res = 0; /* no */ - else /* try to grow stack */ - res = luaD_growstack(L, n, 0); - } - if (res && ci->top < L->top + n) - ci->top = L->top + n; /* adjust frame top */ + else /* need to grow stack */ + res = luaD_growstack(L, n, 0); + if (res && ci->top.p < L->top.p + n) + ci->top.p = L->top.p + n; /* adjust frame top */ lua_unlock(L); return res; } @@ -122,11 +131,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n) { lua_lock(to); api_checknelems(from, n); api_check(from, G(from) == G(to), "moving among independent states"); - api_check(from, to->ci->top - to->top >= n, "stack overflow"); - from->top -= n; + api_check(from, to->ci->top.p - to->top.p >= n, "stack overflow"); + from->top.p -= n; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { - setobjs2s(to, to->top, from->top + i); - to->top++; /* stack already checked by previous 'api_check' */ + setobjs2s(to, to->top.p, from->top.p + i); + to->top.p++; /* stack already checked by previous 'api_check' */ } lua_unlock(to); } @@ -160,33 +169,51 @@ LUA_API lua_Number lua_version (lua_State *L) { LUA_API int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx) { return (idx > 0 || ispseudo(idx)) ? idx - : cast_int(L->top - L->ci->func) + idx; + : cast_int(L->top.p - L->ci->func.p) + idx; } LUA_API int lua_gettop (lua_State *L) { - return cast_int(L->top - (L->ci->func + 1)); + return cast_int(L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1)); } LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) { - CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - StkId func = ci->func; + CallInfo *ci; + StkId func, newtop; ptrdiff_t diff; /* difference for new top */ lua_lock(L); + ci = L->ci; + func = ci->func.p; if (idx >= 0) { - api_check(L, idx <= ci->top - (func + 1), "new top too large"); - diff = ((func + 1) + idx) - L->top; + api_check(L, idx <= ci->top.p - (func + 1), "new top too large"); + diff = ((func + 1) + idx) - L->top.p; for (; diff > 0; diff--) - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top++)); /* clear new slots */ + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* clear new slots */ } else { - api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top - (func + 1)), "invalid new top"); + api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top.p - (func + 1)), "invalid new top"); diff = idx + 1; /* will "subtract" index (as it is negative) */ } - if (diff < 0 && hastocloseCfunc(ci->nresults)) - luaF_close(L, L->top + diff, LUA_OK); - L->top += diff; /* correct top only after closing any upvalue */ + api_check(L, L->tbclist.p < L->top.p, "previous pop of an unclosed slot"); + newtop = L->top.p + diff; + if (diff < 0 && L->tbclist.p >= newtop) { + lua_assert(hastocloseCfunc(ci->nresults)); + newtop = luaF_close(L, newtop, CLOSEKTOP, 0); + } + L->top.p = newtop; /* correct top only after closing any upvalue */ + lua_unlock(L); +} + + +LUA_API void lua_closeslot (lua_State *L, int idx) { + StkId level; + lua_lock(L); + level = index2stack(L, idx); + api_check(L, hastocloseCfunc(L->ci->nresults) && L->tbclist.p == level, + "no variable to close at given level"); + level = luaF_close(L, level, CLOSEKTOP, 0); + setnilvalue(s2v(level)); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -197,7 +224,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) { ** Note that we move(copy) only the value inside the stack. ** (We do not move additional fields that may exist.) */ -static void reverse (lua_State *L, StkId from, StkId to) { +l_sinline void reverse (lua_State *L, StkId from, StkId to) { for (; from < to; from++, to--) { TValue temp; setobj(L, &temp, s2v(from)); @@ -214,7 +241,7 @@ static void reverse (lua_State *L, StkId from, StkId to) { LUA_API void lua_rotate (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { StkId p, t, m; lua_lock(L); - t = L->top - 1; /* end of stack segment being rotated */ + t = L->top.p - 1; /* end of stack segment being rotated */ p = index2stack(L, idx); /* start of segment */ api_check(L, (n >= 0 ? n : -n) <= (t - p + 1), "invalid 'n'"); m = (n >= 0 ? t - n : p - n - 1); /* end of prefix */ @@ -233,7 +260,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) { api_check(L, isvalid(L, to), "invalid index"); setobj(L, to, fr); if (isupvalue(toidx)) /* function upvalue? */ - luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(s2v(L->ci->func)), fr); + luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(s2v(L->ci->func.p)), fr); /* LUA_REGISTRYINDEX does not need gc barrier (collector revisits it before finishing collection) */ lua_unlock(L); @@ -242,7 +269,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) { LUA_API void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); - setobj2s(L, L->top, index2value(L, idx)); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, index2value(L, idx)); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -311,12 +338,12 @@ LUA_API void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op) { api_checknelems(L, 2); /* all other operations expect two operands */ else { /* for unary operations, add fake 2nd operand */ api_checknelems(L, 1); - setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1); + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, L->top.p - 1); api_incr_top(L); } /* first operand at top - 2, second at top - 1; result go to top - 2 */ - luaO_arith(L, op, s2v(L->top - 2), s2v(L->top - 1), L->top - 2); - L->top--; /* remove second operand */ + luaO_arith(L, op, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 2); + L->top.p--; /* remove second operand */ lua_unlock(L); } @@ -342,7 +369,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op) { LUA_API size_t lua_stringtonumber (lua_State *L, const char *s) { - size_t sz = luaO_str2num(s, s2v(L->top)); + size_t sz = luaO_str2num(s, s2v(L->top.p)); if (sz != 0) api_incr_top(L); return sz; @@ -376,20 +403,22 @@ LUA_API int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { - TValue *o = index2value(L, idx); + TValue *o; + lua_lock(L); + o = index2value(L, idx); if (!ttisstring(o)) { if (!cvt2str(o)) { /* not convertible? */ if (len != NULL) *len = 0; + lua_unlock(L); return NULL; } - lua_lock(L); /* 'luaO_tostring' may create a new string */ luaO_tostring(L, o); luaC_checkGC(L); o = index2value(L, idx); /* previous call may reallocate the stack */ - lua_unlock(L); } if (len != NULL) *len = vslen(o); + lua_unlock(L); return svalue(o); } @@ -415,7 +444,7 @@ LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) { } -static void *touserdata (const TValue *o) { +l_sinline void *touserdata (const TValue *o) { switch (ttype(o)) { case LUA_TUSERDATA: return getudatamem(uvalue(o)); case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(o); @@ -467,7 +496,7 @@ LUA_API const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L) { lua_lock(L); - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -475,7 +504,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L) { LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) { lua_lock(L); - setfltvalue(s2v(L->top), n); + setfltvalue(s2v(L->top.p), n); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -483,7 +512,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) { LUA_API void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n) { lua_lock(L); - setivalue(s2v(L->top), n); + setivalue(s2v(L->top.p), n); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -498,7 +527,7 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) { TString *ts; lua_lock(L); ts = (len == 0) ? luaS_new(L, "") : luaS_newlstr(L, s, len); - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts); api_incr_top(L); luaC_checkGC(L); lua_unlock(L); @@ -509,11 +538,11 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) { LUA_API const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) { lua_lock(L); if (s == NULL) - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); else { TString *ts; ts = luaS_new(L, s); - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts); s = getstr(ts); /* internal copy's address */ } api_incr_top(L); @@ -550,7 +579,7 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) { lua_lock(L); if (n == 0) { - setfvalue(s2v(L->top), fn); + setfvalue(s2v(L->top.p), fn); api_incr_top(L); } else { @@ -559,12 +588,13 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) { api_check(L, n <= MAXUPVAL, "upvalue index too large"); cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n); cl->f = fn; - L->top -= n; + L->top.p -= n; while (n--) { - setobj2n(L, &cl->upvalue[n], s2v(L->top + n)); + setobj2n(L, &cl->upvalue[n], s2v(L->top.p + n)); /* does not need barrier because closure is white */ + lua_assert(iswhite(cl)); } - setclCvalue(L, s2v(L->top), cl); + setclCvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), cl); api_incr_top(L); luaC_checkGC(L); } @@ -575,9 +605,9 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) { LUA_API void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b) { lua_lock(L); if (b) - setbtvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setbtvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); else - setbfvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setbfvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -585,7 +615,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b) { LUA_API void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p) { lua_lock(L); - setpvalue(s2v(L->top), p); + setpvalue(s2v(L->top.p), p); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -593,7 +623,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p) { LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) { lua_lock(L); - setthvalue(L, s2v(L->top), L); + setthvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), L); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); return (G(L)->mainthread == L); @@ -606,27 +636,38 @@ LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) { */ -static int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) { +l_sinline int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) { const TValue *slot; TString *str = luaS_new(L, k); if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, slot); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot); api_incr_top(L); } else { - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str); + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str); api_incr_top(L); - luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top - 1), L->top - 1, slot); + luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot); } lua_unlock(L); - return ttype(s2v(L->top - 1)); + return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } +/* +** Get the global table in the registry. Since all predefined +** indices in the registry were inserted right when the registry +** was created and never removed, they must always be in the array +** part of the registry. +*/ +#define getGtable(L) \ + (&hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry)->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1]) + + LUA_API int lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) { - Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); + const TValue *G; lua_lock(L); - return auxgetstr(L, luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS), name); + G = getGtable(L); + return auxgetstr(L, G, name); } @@ -635,13 +676,13 @@ LUA_API int lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) { TValue *t; lua_lock(L); t = index2value(L, idx); - if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top - 1), slot, luaH_get)) { - setobj2s(L, L->top - 1, slot); + if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot, luaH_get)) { + setobj2s(L, L->top.p - 1, slot); } else - luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top - 1), L->top - 1, slot); + luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot); lua_unlock(L); - return ttype(s2v(L->top - 1)); + return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } @@ -657,27 +698,27 @@ LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) { lua_lock(L); t = index2value(L, idx); if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, slot); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot); } else { TValue aux; setivalue(&aux, n); - luaV_finishget(L, t, &aux, L->top, slot); + luaV_finishget(L, t, &aux, L->top.p, slot); } api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); - return ttype(s2v(L->top - 1)); + return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } -static int finishrawget (lua_State *L, const TValue *val) { +l_sinline int finishrawget (lua_State *L, const TValue *val) { if (isempty(val)) /* avoid copying empty items to the stack */ - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); else - setobj2s(L, L->top, val); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, val); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); - return ttype(s2v(L->top - 1)); + return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } @@ -694,8 +735,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); t = gettable(L, idx); - val = luaH_get(t, s2v(L->top - 1)); - L->top--; /* remove key */ + val = luaH_get(t, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + L->top.p--; /* remove key */ return finishrawget(L, val); } @@ -722,7 +763,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narray, int nrec) { Table *t; lua_lock(L); t = luaH_new(L); - sethvalue2s(L, L->top, t); + sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, t); api_incr_top(L); if (narray > 0 || nrec > 0) luaH_resize(L, t, narray, nrec); @@ -749,7 +790,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { break; } if (mt != NULL) { - sethvalue2s(L, L->top, mt); + sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, mt); api_incr_top(L); res = 1; } @@ -765,12 +806,12 @@ LUA_API int lua_getiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { o = index2value(L, idx); api_check(L, ttisfulluserdata(o), "full userdata expected"); if (n <= 0 || n > uvalue(o)->nuvalue) { - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); t = LUA_TNONE; } else { - setobj2s(L, L->top, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv); - t = ttype(s2v(L->top)); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv); + t = ttype(s2v(L->top.p)); } api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); @@ -790,23 +831,24 @@ static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) { TString *str = luaS_new(L, k); api_checknelems(L, 1); if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) { - luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top - 1)); - L->top--; /* pop value */ + luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + L->top.p--; /* pop value */ } else { - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str); /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str); /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */ api_incr_top(L); - luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top - 1), s2v(L->top - 2), slot); - L->top -= 2; /* pop value and key */ + luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot); + L->top.p -= 2; /* pop value and key */ } lua_unlock(L); /* lock done by caller */ } LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) { - Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); + const TValue *G; lua_lock(L); /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */ - auxsetstr(L, luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS), name); + G = getGtable(L); + auxsetstr(L, G, name); } @@ -816,12 +858,12 @@ LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 2); t = index2value(L, idx); - if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top - 2), slot, luaH_get)) { - luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top - 1)); + if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot, luaH_get)) { + luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } else - luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top - 2), s2v(L->top - 1), slot); - L->top -= 2; /* pop index and value */ + luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot); + L->top.p -= 2; /* pop index and value */ lua_unlock(L); } @@ -839,35 +881,33 @@ LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) { api_checknelems(L, 1); t = index2value(L, idx); if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) { - luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top - 1)); + luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } else { TValue aux; setivalue(&aux, n); - luaV_finishset(L, t, &aux, s2v(L->top - 1), slot); + luaV_finishset(L, t, &aux, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot); } - L->top--; /* pop value */ + L->top.p--; /* pop value */ lua_unlock(L); } static void aux_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx, TValue *key, int n) { Table *t; - TValue *slot; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, n); t = gettable(L, idx); - slot = luaH_set(L, t, key); - setobj2t(L, slot, s2v(L->top - 1)); + luaH_set(L, t, key, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); invalidateTMcache(t); - luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top - 1)); - L->top -= n; + luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + L->top.p -= n; lua_unlock(L); } LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) { - aux_rawset(L, idx, s2v(L->top - 2), 2); + aux_rawset(L, idx, s2v(L->top.p - 2), 2); } @@ -883,9 +923,9 @@ LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); t = gettable(L, idx); - luaH_setint(L, t, n, s2v(L->top - 1)); - luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top - 1)); - L->top--; + luaH_setint(L, t, n, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + L->top.p--; lua_unlock(L); } @@ -896,11 +936,11 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); obj = index2value(L, objindex); - if (ttisnil(s2v(L->top - 1))) + if (ttisnil(s2v(L->top.p - 1))) mt = NULL; else { - api_check(L, ttistable(s2v(L->top - 1)), "table expected"); - mt = hvalue(s2v(L->top - 1)); + api_check(L, ttistable(s2v(L->top.p - 1)), "table expected"); + mt = hvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } switch (ttype(obj)) { case LUA_TTABLE: { @@ -924,7 +964,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) { break; } } - L->top--; + L->top.p--; lua_unlock(L); return 1; } @@ -940,11 +980,11 @@ LUA_API int lua_setiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(uvalue(o)->nuvalue))) res = 0; /* 'n' not in [1, uvalue(o)->nuvalue] */ else { - setobj(L, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv, s2v(L->top - 1)); - luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(o), s2v(L->top - 1)); + setobj(L, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv, s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(o), s2v(L->top.p - 1)); res = 1; } - L->top--; + L->top.p--; lua_unlock(L); return res; } @@ -956,7 +996,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_setiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) { #define checkresults(L,na,nr) \ - api_check(L, (nr) == LUA_MULTRET || (L->ci->top - L->top >= (nr) - (na)), \ + api_check(L, (nr) == LUA_MULTRET \ + || (L->ci->top.p - L->top.p >= (nr) - (na)), \ "results from function overflow current stack size") @@ -969,7 +1010,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, api_checknelems(L, nargs+1); api_check(L, L->status == LUA_OK, "cannot do calls on non-normal thread"); checkresults(L, nargs, nresults); - func = L->top - (nargs+1); + func = L->top.p - (nargs+1); if (k != NULL && yieldable(L)) { /* need to prepare continuation? */ L->ci->u.c.k = k; /* save continuation */ L->ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ @@ -1017,7 +1058,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc, api_check(L, ttisfunction(s2v(o)), "error handler must be a function"); func = savestack(L, o); } - c.func = L->top - (nargs+1); /* function to be called */ + c.func = L->top.p - (nargs+1); /* function to be called */ if (k == NULL || !yieldable(L)) { /* no continuation or no yieldable? */ c.nresults = nresults; /* do a 'conventional' protected call */ status = luaD_pcall(L, f_call, &c, savestack(L, c.func), func); @@ -1052,13 +1093,12 @@ LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data, luaZ_init(L, &z, reader, data); status = luaD_protectedparser(L, &z, chunkname, mode); if (status == LUA_OK) { /* no errors? */ - LClosure *f = clLvalue(s2v(L->top - 1)); /* get newly created function */ + LClosure *f = clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); /* get new function */ if (f->nupvalues >= 1) { /* does it have an upvalue? */ /* get global table from registry */ - Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry); - const TValue *gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS); + const TValue *gt = getGtable(L); /* set global table as 1st upvalue of 'f' (may be LUA_ENV) */ - setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v, gt); + setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v.p, gt); luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], gt); } } @@ -1072,7 +1112,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data, int strip) { TValue *o; lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); - o = s2v(L->top - 1); + o = s2v(L->top.p - 1); if (isLfunction(o)) status = luaU_dump(L, getproto(o), writer, data, strip); else @@ -1094,16 +1134,18 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) { va_list argp; int res = 0; global_State *g = G(L); + if (g->gcstp & GCSTPGC) /* internal stop? */ + return -1; /* all options are invalid when stopped */ lua_lock(L); va_start(argp, what); switch (what) { case LUA_GCSTOP: { - g->gcrunning = 0; + g->gcstp = GCSTPUSR; /* stopped by the user */ break; } case LUA_GCRESTART: { luaE_setdebt(g, 0); - g->gcrunning = 1; + g->gcstp = 0; /* (GCSTPGC must be already zero here) */ break; } case LUA_GCCOLLECT: { @@ -1122,8 +1164,8 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) { case LUA_GCSTEP: { int data = va_arg(argp, int); l_mem debt = 1; /* =1 to signal that it did an actual step */ - lu_byte oldrunning = g->gcrunning; - g->gcrunning = 1; /* allow GC to run */ + lu_byte oldstp = g->gcstp; + g->gcstp = 0; /* allow GC to run (GCSTPGC must be zero here) */ if (data == 0) { luaE_setdebt(g, 0); /* do a basic step */ luaC_step(L); @@ -1133,7 +1175,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) { luaE_setdebt(g, debt); luaC_checkGC(L); } - g->gcrunning = oldrunning; /* restore previous state */ + g->gcstp = oldstp; /* restore previous state */ if (debt > 0 && g->gcstate == GCSpause) /* end of cycle? */ res = 1; /* signal it */ break; @@ -1151,7 +1193,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) { break; } case LUA_GCISRUNNING: { - res = g->gcrunning; + res = gcrunning(g); break; } case LUA_GCGEN: { @@ -1194,9 +1236,15 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) { LUA_API int lua_error (lua_State *L) { + TValue *errobj; lua_lock(L); + errobj = s2v(L->top.p - 1); api_checknelems(L, 1); - luaG_errormsg(L); + /* error object is the memory error message? */ + if (ttisshrstring(errobj) && eqshrstr(tsvalue(errobj), G(L)->memerrmsg)) + luaM_error(L); /* raise a memory error */ + else + luaG_errormsg(L); /* raise a regular error */ /* code unreachable; will unlock when control actually leaves the kernel */ return 0; /* to avoid warnings */ } @@ -1208,12 +1256,12 @@ LUA_API int lua_next (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, 1); t = gettable(L, idx); - more = luaH_next(L, t, L->top - 1); + more = luaH_next(L, t, L->top.p - 1); if (more) { api_incr_top(L); } else /* no more elements */ - L->top -= 1; /* remove key */ + L->top.p -= 1; /* remove key */ lua_unlock(L); return more; } @@ -1225,8 +1273,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_toclose (lua_State *L, int idx) { lua_lock(L); o = index2stack(L, idx); nresults = L->ci->nresults; - api_check(L, L->openupval == NULL || uplevel(L->openupval) <= o, - "marked index below or equal new one"); + api_check(L, L->tbclist.p < o, "given index below or equal a marked one"); luaF_newtbcupval(L, o); /* create new to-be-closed upvalue */ if (!hastocloseCfunc(nresults)) /* function not marked yet? */ L->ci->nresults = codeNresults(nresults); /* mark it */ @@ -1238,14 +1285,12 @@ LUA_API void lua_toclose (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) { lua_lock(L); api_checknelems(L, n); - if (n >= 2) { + if (n > 0) luaV_concat(L, n); - } - else if (n == 0) { /* push empty string */ - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, "", 0)); + else { /* nothing to concatenate */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_newlstr(L, "", 0)); /* push empty string */ api_incr_top(L); } - /* else n == 1; nothing to do */ luaC_checkGC(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -1255,7 +1300,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_len (lua_State *L, int idx) { TValue *t; lua_lock(L); t = index2value(L, idx); - luaV_objlen(L, L->top, t); + luaV_objlen(L, L->top.p, t); api_incr_top(L); lua_unlock(L); } @@ -1300,7 +1345,7 @@ LUA_API void *lua_newuserdatauv (lua_State *L, size_t size, int nuvalue) { lua_lock(L); api_check(L, 0 <= nuvalue && nuvalue < USHRT_MAX, "invalid value"); u = luaS_newudata(L, size, nuvalue); - setuvalue(L, s2v(L->top), u); + setuvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), u); api_incr_top(L); luaC_checkGC(L); lua_unlock(L); @@ -1326,7 +1371,7 @@ static const char *aux_upvalue (TValue *fi, int n, TValue **val, Proto *p = f->p; if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(p->sizeupvalues))) return NULL; /* 'n' not in [1, p->sizeupvalues] */ - *val = f->upvals[n-1]->v; + *val = f->upvals[n-1]->v.p; if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f->upvals[n - 1]); name = p->upvalues[n-1].name; return (name == NULL) ? "(no name)" : getstr(name); @@ -1342,7 +1387,7 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { lua_lock(L); name = aux_upvalue(index2value(L, funcindex), n, &val, NULL); if (name) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, val); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, val); api_incr_top(L); } lua_unlock(L); @@ -1360,8 +1405,8 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { api_checknelems(L, 1); name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val, &owner); if (name) { - L->top--; - setobj(L, val, s2v(L->top)); + L->top.p--; + setobj(L, val, s2v(L->top.p)); luaC_barrier(L, owner, val); } lua_unlock(L); @@ -1370,13 +1415,16 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) { static UpVal **getupvalref (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n, LClosure **pf) { + static const UpVal *const nullup = NULL; LClosure *f; TValue *fi = index2value(L, fidx); api_check(L, ttisLclosure(fi), "Lua function expected"); f = clLvalue(fi); - api_check(L, (1 <= n && n <= f->p->sizeupvalues), "invalid upvalue index"); if (pf) *pf = f; - return &f->upvals[n - 1]; /* get its upvalue pointer */ + if (1 <= n && n <= f->p->sizeupvalues) + return &f->upvals[n - 1]; /* get its upvalue pointer */ + else + return (UpVal**)&nullup; } @@ -1388,11 +1436,14 @@ LUA_API void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n) { } case LUA_VCCL: { /* C closure */ CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi); - api_check(L, 1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues, "invalid upvalue index"); - return &f->upvalue[n - 1]; - } + if (1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues) + return &f->upvalue[n - 1]; + /* else */ + } /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case LUA_VLCF: + return NULL; /* light C functions have no upvalues */ default: { - api_check(L, 0, "closure expected"); + api_check(L, 0, "function expected"); return NULL; } } @@ -1404,6 +1455,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1, LClosure *f1; UpVal **up1 = getupvalref(L, fidx1, n1, &f1); UpVal **up2 = getupvalref(L, fidx2, n2, NULL); + api_check(L, *up1 != NULL && *up2 != NULL, "invalid upvalue index"); *up1 = *up2; luaC_objbarrier(L, f1, *up1); } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.h similarity index 63% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.h index 41216b2..a742427 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lapi.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lapi.h @@ -12,23 +12,26 @@ #include "lstate.h" -/* Increments 'L->top', checking for stack overflows */ -#define api_incr_top(L) {L->top++; api_check(L, L->top <= L->ci->top, \ - "stack overflow");} +/* Increments 'L->top.p', checking for stack overflows */ +#define api_incr_top(L) {L->top.p++; \ + api_check(L, L->top.p <= L->ci->top.p, \ + "stack overflow");} /* ** If a call returns too many multiple returns, the callee may not have ** stack space to accommodate all results. In this case, this macro -** increases its stack space ('L->ci->top'). +** increases its stack space ('L->ci->top.p'). */ #define adjustresults(L,nres) \ - { if ((nres) <= LUA_MULTRET && L->ci->top < L->top) L->ci->top = L->top; } + { if ((nres) <= LUA_MULTRET && L->ci->top.p < L->top.p) \ + L->ci->top.p = L->top.p; } /* Ensure the stack has at least 'n' elements */ -#define api_checknelems(L,n) api_check(L, (n) < (L->top - L->ci->func), \ - "not enough elements in the stack") +#define api_checknelems(L,n) \ + api_check(L, (n) < (L->top.p - L->ci->func.p), \ + "not enough elements in the stack") /* @@ -42,6 +45,8 @@ #define hastocloseCfunc(n) ((n) < LUA_MULTRET) +/* Map [-1, inf) (range of 'nresults') into (-inf, -2] */ #define codeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3) +#define decodeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3) #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.c similarity index 83% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.c index e3d9be3..4ca6c65 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.c @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg) { } -int luaL_typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname) { +LUALIB_API int luaL_typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname) { const char *msg; const char *typearg; /* name for the type of the actual argument */ if (luaL_getmetafield(L, arg, "__name") == LUA_TSTRING) @@ -283,10 +283,10 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) { LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) { - const char *what = "exit"; /* type of termination */ if (stat != 0 && errno != 0) /* error with an 'errno'? */ return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); else { + const char *what = "exit"; /* type of termination */ l_inspectstat(stat, what); /* interpret result */ if (*what == 'e' && stat == 0) /* successful termination? */ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); @@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def, ** but without 'msg'.) */ LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) { - if (!lua_checkstack(L, space)) { + if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(L, space))) { if (msg) luaL_error(L, "stack overflow (%s)", msg); else @@ -388,20 +388,20 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) { LUALIB_API void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int arg, int t) { - if (lua_type(L, arg) != t) + if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, arg) != t)) tag_error(L, arg, t); } LUALIB_API void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int arg) { - if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNONE) + if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNONE)) luaL_argerror(L, arg, "value expected"); } LUALIB_API const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int arg, size_t *len) { const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, len); - if (!s) tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TSTRING); + if (l_unlikely(!s)) tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TSTRING); return s; } @@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L, int arg, LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int arg) { int isnum; lua_Number d = lua_tonumberx(L, arg, &isnum); - if (!isnum) + if (l_unlikely(!isnum)) tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TNUMBER); return d; } @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ static void interror (lua_State *L, int arg) { LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int arg) { int isnum; lua_Integer d = lua_tointegerx(L, arg, &isnum); - if (!isnum) { + if (l_unlikely(!isnum)) { interror(L, arg); } return d; @@ -475,8 +475,10 @@ static void *resizebox (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t newsize) { lua_Alloc allocf = lua_getallocf(L, &ud); UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_touserdata(L, idx); void *temp = allocf(ud, box->box, box->bsize, newsize); - if (temp == NULL && newsize > 0) /* allocation error? */ - luaL_error(L, "not enough memory"); + if (l_unlikely(temp == NULL && newsize > 0)) { /* allocation error? */ + lua_pushliteral(L, "not enough memory"); + lua_error(L); /* raise a memory error */ + } box->box = temp; box->bsize = newsize; return temp; @@ -513,15 +515,25 @@ static void newbox (lua_State *L) { #define buffonstack(B) ((B)->b != (B)->init.b) +/* +** Whenever buffer is accessed, slot 'idx' must either be a box (which +** cannot be NULL) or it is a placeholder for the buffer. +*/ +#define checkbufferlevel(B,idx) \ + lua_assert(buffonstack(B) ? lua_touserdata(B->L, idx) != NULL \ + : lua_touserdata(B->L, idx) == (void*)B) + + /* ** Compute new size for buffer 'B', enough to accommodate extra 'sz' -** bytes. +** bytes. (The test for "not big enough" also gets the case when the +** computation of 'newsize' overflows.) */ static size_t newbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { - size_t newsize = B->size * 2; /* double buffer size */ - if (MAX_SIZET - sz < B->n) /* overflow in (B->n + sz)? */ + size_t newsize = (B->size / 2) * 3; /* buffer size * 1.5 */ + if (l_unlikely(MAX_SIZET - sz < B->n)) /* overflow in (B->n + sz)? */ return luaL_error(B->L, "buffer too large"); - if (newsize < B->n + sz) /* double is not big enough? */ + if (newsize < B->n + sz) /* not big enough? */ newsize = B->n + sz; return newsize; } @@ -529,10 +541,11 @@ static size_t newbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { /* ** Returns a pointer to a free area with at least 'sz' bytes in buffer -** 'B'. 'boxidx' is the relative position in the stack where the -** buffer's box is or should be. +** 'B'. 'boxidx' is the relative position in the stack where is the +** buffer's box or its placeholder. */ static char *prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz, int boxidx) { + checkbufferlevel(B, boxidx); if (B->size - B->n >= sz) /* enough space? */ return B->b + B->n; else { @@ -543,10 +556,9 @@ static char *prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz, int boxidx) { if (buffonstack(B)) /* buffer already has a box? */ newbuff = (char *)resizebox(L, boxidx, newsize); /* resize it */ else { /* no box yet */ - lua_pushnil(L); /* reserve slot for final result */ + lua_remove(L, boxidx); /* remove placeholder */ newbox(L); /* create a new box */ - /* move box (and slot) to its intended position */ - lua_rotate(L, boxidx - 1, 2); + lua_insert(L, boxidx); /* move box to its intended position */ lua_toclose(L, boxidx); newbuff = (char *)resizebox(L, boxidx, newsize); memcpy(newbuff, B->b, B->n * sizeof(char)); /* copy original content */ @@ -581,11 +593,11 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s) { LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B) { lua_State *L = B->L; + checkbufferlevel(B, -1); lua_pushlstring(L, B->b, B->n); - if (buffonstack(B)) { - lua_copy(L, -1, -3); /* move string to reserved slot */ - lua_pop(L, 2); /* pop string and box (closing the box) */ - } + if (buffonstack(B)) + lua_closeslot(L, -2); /* close the box */ + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove box or placeholder from the stack */ } @@ -600,7 +612,7 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresultsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { ** box (if existent) is not on the top of the stack. So, instead of ** calling 'luaL_addlstring', it replicates the code using -2 as the ** last argument to 'prepbuffsize', signaling that the box is (or will -** be) bellow the string being added to the buffer. (Box creation can +** be) below the string being added to the buffer. (Box creation can ** trigger an emergency GC, so we should not remove the string from the ** stack before we have the space guaranteed.) */ @@ -620,6 +632,7 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B) { B->b = B->init.b; B->n = 0; B->size = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE; + lua_pushlightuserdata(L, (void*)B); /* push placeholder */ } @@ -637,10 +650,14 @@ LUALIB_API char *luaL_buffinitsize (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) { ** ======================================================= */ -/* index of free-list header */ -#define freelist 0 - +/* index of free-list header (after the predefined values) */ +#define freelist (LUA_RIDX_LAST + 1) +/* +** The previously freed references form a linked list: +** t[freelist] is the index of a first free index, or zero if list is +** empty; t[t[freelist]] is the index of the second element; etc. +*/ LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) { int ref; if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) { @@ -648,9 +665,16 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) { return LUA_REFNIL; /* 'nil' has a unique fixed reference */ } t = lua_absindex(L, t); - lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist); /* get first free element */ - ref = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* ref = t[freelist] */ - lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove it from stack */ + if (lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist) == LUA_TNIL) { /* first access? */ + ref = 0; /* list is empty */ + lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* initialize as an empty list */ + lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* ref = t[freelist] = 0 */ + } + else { /* already initialized */ + lua_assert(lua_isinteger(L, -1)); + ref = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* ref = t[freelist] */ + } + lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove element from stack */ if (ref != 0) { /* any free element? */ lua_rawgeti(L, t, ref); /* remove it from list */ lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* (t[freelist] = t[ref]) */ @@ -666,6 +690,7 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref) { if (ref >= 0) { t = lua_absindex(L, t); lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist); + lua_assert(lua_isinteger(L, -1)); lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); /* t[ref] = t[freelist] */ lua_pushinteger(L, ref); lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* t[freelist] = ref */ @@ -715,17 +740,18 @@ static int errfile (lua_State *L, const char *what, int fnameindex) { } -static int skipBOM (LoadF *lf) { - const char *p = "\xEF\xBB\xBF"; /* UTF-8 BOM mark */ - int c; - lf->n = 0; - do { - c = getc(lf->f); - if (c == EOF || c != *(const unsigned char *)p++) return c; - lf->buff[lf->n++] = c; /* to be read by the parser */ - } while (*p != '\0'); - lf->n = 0; /* prefix matched; discard it */ - return getc(lf->f); /* return next character */ +/* +** Skip an optional BOM at the start of a stream. If there is an +** incomplete BOM (the first character is correct but the rest is +** not), returns the first character anyway to force an error +** (as no chunk can start with 0xEF). +*/ +static int skipBOM (FILE *f) { + int c = getc(f); /* read first character */ + if (c == 0xEF && getc(f) == 0xBB && getc(f) == 0xBF) /* correct BOM? */ + return getc(f); /* ignore BOM and return next char */ + else /* no (valid) BOM */ + return c; /* return first character */ } @@ -736,13 +762,13 @@ static int skipBOM (LoadF *lf) { ** first "valid" character of the file (after the optional BOM and ** a first-line comment). */ -static int skipcomment (LoadF *lf, int *cp) { - int c = *cp = skipBOM(lf); +static int skipcomment (FILE *f, int *cp) { + int c = *cp = skipBOM(f); if (c == '#') { /* first line is a comment (Unix exec. file)? */ do { /* skip first line */ - c = getc(lf->f); + c = getc(f); } while (c != EOF && c != '\n'); - *cp = getc(lf->f); /* skip end-of-line, if present */ + *cp = getc(f); /* next character after comment, if present */ return 1; /* there was a comment */ } else return 0; /* no comment */ @@ -764,12 +790,16 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename, lf.f = fopen(filename, "r"); if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "open", fnameindex); } - if (skipcomment(&lf, &c)) /* read initial portion */ - lf.buff[lf.n++] = '\n'; /* add line to correct line numbers */ - if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0] && filename) { /* binary file? */ - lf.f = freopen(filename, "rb", lf.f); /* reopen in binary mode */ - if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "reopen", fnameindex); - skipcomment(&lf, &c); /* re-read initial portion */ + lf.n = 0; + if (skipcomment(lf.f, &c)) /* read initial portion */ + lf.buff[lf.n++] = '\n'; /* add newline to correct line numbers */ + if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) { /* binary file? */ + lf.n = 0; /* remove possible newline */ + if (filename) { /* "real" file? */ + lf.f = freopen(filename, "rb", lf.f); /* reopen in binary mode */ + if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "reopen", fnameindex); + skipcomment(lf.f, &c); /* re-read initial portion */ + } } if (c != EOF) lf.buff[lf.n++] = c; /* 'c' is the first character of the stream */ @@ -849,7 +879,7 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) { int isnum; lua_len(L, idx); l = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum); - if (!isnum) + if (l_unlikely(!isnum)) luaL_error(L, "object length is not an integer"); lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove object */ return l; @@ -857,6 +887,7 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) { LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) { + idx = lua_absindex(L,idx); if (luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) { /* metafield? */ if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) luaL_error(L, "'__tostring' must return a string"); @@ -1004,43 +1035,67 @@ static int panic (lua_State *L) { /* -** Emit a warning. '*warnstate' means: -** 0 - warning system is off; -** 1 - ready to start a new message; -** 2 - previous message is to be continued. +** Warning functions: +** warnfoff: warning system is off +** warnfon: ready to start a new message +** warnfcont: previous message is to be continued +*/ +static void warnfoff (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont); +static void warnfon (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont); +static void warnfcont (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont); + + +/* +** Check whether message is a control message. If so, execute the +** control or ignore it if unknown. */ -static void warnf (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) { - int *warnstate = (int *)ud; - if (*warnstate != 2 && !tocont && *message == '@') { /* control message? */ - if (strcmp(message, "@off") == 0) - *warnstate = 0; - else if (strcmp(message, "@on") == 0) - *warnstate = 1; - return; +static int checkcontrol (lua_State *L, const char *message, int tocont) { + if (tocont || *(message++) != '@') /* not a control message? */ + return 0; + else { + if (strcmp(message, "off") == 0) + lua_setwarnf(L, warnfoff, L); /* turn warnings off */ + else if (strcmp(message, "on") == 0) + lua_setwarnf(L, warnfon, L); /* turn warnings on */ + return 1; /* it was a control message */ } - else if (*warnstate == 0) /* warnings off? */ - return; - if (*warnstate == 1) /* previous message was the last? */ - lua_writestringerror("%s", "Lua warning: "); /* start a new warning */ +} + + +static void warnfoff (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) { + checkcontrol((lua_State *)ud, message, tocont); +} + + +/* +** Writes the message and handle 'tocont', finishing the message +** if needed and setting the next warn function. +*/ +static void warnfcont (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) { + lua_State *L = (lua_State *)ud; lua_writestringerror("%s", message); /* write message */ if (tocont) /* not the last part? */ - *warnstate = 2; /* to be continued */ + lua_setwarnf(L, warnfcont, L); /* to be continued */ else { /* last part */ lua_writestringerror("%s", "\n"); /* finish message with end-of-line */ - *warnstate = 1; /* ready to start a new message */ + lua_setwarnf(L, warnfon, L); /* next call is a new message */ } } +static void warnfon (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) { + if (checkcontrol((lua_State *)ud, message, tocont)) /* control message? */ + return; /* nothing else to be done */ + lua_writestringerror("%s", "Lua warning: "); /* start a new warning */ + warnfcont(ud, message, tocont); /* finish processing */ +} + + LUALIB_API lua_State *luaL_newstate (void) { lua_State *L = lua_newstate(l_alloc, NULL); - if (L) { - int *warnstate; /* space for warning state */ + if (l_likely(L)) { lua_atpanic(L, &panic); - warnstate = (int *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(int), 0); - luaL_ref(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX); /* make sure it won't be collected */ - *warnstate = 0; /* default is warnings off */ - lua_setwarnf(L, warnf, warnstate); + lua_setwarnf(L, warnfoff, L); /* default is warnings off */ } return L; } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.h similarity index 93% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.h index 59fef6a..5b977e2 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lauxlib.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lauxlib.h @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include #include +#include "luaconf.h" #include "lua.h" @@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ LUALIB_API lua_State *(luaL_newstate) (void); LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx); -LUALIB_API void luaL_addgsub (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, +LUALIB_API void (luaL_addgsub) (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, const char *p, const char *r); LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_gsub) (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p, const char *r); @@ -130,10 +131,10 @@ LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname, (luaL_checkversion(L), luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0)) #define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,arg,extramsg) \ - ((void)((cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (arg), (extramsg)))) + ((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (arg), (extramsg)))) #define luaL_argexpected(L,cond,arg,tname) \ - ((void)((cond) || luaL_typeerror(L, (arg), (tname)))) + ((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_typeerror(L, (arg), (tname)))) #define luaL_checkstring(L,n) (luaL_checklstring(L, (n), NULL)) #define luaL_optstring(L,n,d) (luaL_optlstring(L, (n), (d), NULL)) @@ -153,10 +154,34 @@ LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname, #define luaL_loadbuffer(L,s,sz,n) luaL_loadbufferx(L,s,sz,n,NULL) +/* +** Perform arithmetic operations on lua_Integer values with wrap-around +** semantics, as the Lua core does. +*/ +#define luaL_intop(op,v1,v2) \ + ((lua_Integer)((lua_Unsigned)(v1) op (lua_Unsigned)(v2))) + + /* push the value used to represent failure/error */ #define luaL_pushfail(L) lua_pushnil(L) +/* +** Internal assertions for in-house debugging +*/ +#if !defined(lua_assert) + +#if defined LUAI_ASSERT + #include + #define lua_assert(c) assert(c) +#else + #define lua_assert(c) ((void)0) +#endif + +#endif + + + /* ** {====================================================== ** Generic Buffer manipulation diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lbaselib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lbaselib.c similarity index 92% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lbaselib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lbaselib.c index 747fd45..1d60c9d 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lbaselib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lbaselib.c @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ static int luaB_setmetatable (lua_State *L) { int t = lua_type(L, 2); luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table"); - if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable") != LUA_TNIL) + if (l_unlikely(luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable") != LUA_TNIL)) return luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable"); lua_settop(L, 2); lua_setmetatable(L, 1); @@ -182,11 +182,20 @@ static int luaB_rawset (lua_State *L) { static int pushmode (lua_State *L, int oldmode) { - lua_pushstring(L, (oldmode == LUA_GCINC) ? "incremental" : "generational"); + if (oldmode == -1) + luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call to 'lua_gc' */ + else + lua_pushstring(L, (oldmode == LUA_GCINC) ? "incremental" + : "generational"); return 1; } +/* +** check whether call to 'lua_gc' was valid (not inside a finalizer) +*/ +#define checkvalres(res) { if (res == -1) break; } + static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) { static const char *const opts[] = {"stop", "restart", "collect", "count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul", @@ -199,12 +208,14 @@ static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) { case LUA_GCCOUNT: { int k = lua_gc(L, o); int b = lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNTB); + checkvalres(k); lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)k + ((lua_Number)b/1024)); return 1; } case LUA_GCSTEP: { int step = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0); int res = lua_gc(L, o, step); + checkvalres(res); lua_pushboolean(L, res); return 1; } @@ -212,11 +223,13 @@ static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) { case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: { int p = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0); int previous = lua_gc(L, o, p); + checkvalres(previous); lua_pushinteger(L, previous); return 1; } case LUA_GCISRUNNING: { int res = lua_gc(L, o); + checkvalres(res); lua_pushboolean(L, res); return 1; } @@ -233,10 +246,13 @@ static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) { } default: { int res = lua_gc(L, o); + checkvalres(res); lua_pushinteger(L, res); return 1; } } + luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call (inside a finalizer) */ + return 1; } @@ -260,6 +276,11 @@ static int luaB_next (lua_State *L) { } +static int pairscont (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext k) { + (void)L; (void)status; (void)k; /* unused */ + return 3; +} + static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) { luaL_checkany(L, 1); if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__pairs") == LUA_TNIL) { /* no metamethod? */ @@ -269,7 +290,7 @@ static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) { } else { lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* argument 'self' to metamethod */ - lua_call(L, 1, 3); /* get 3 values from metamethod */ + lua_callk(L, 1, 3, 0, pairscont); /* get 3 values from metamethod */ } return 3; } @@ -279,7 +300,8 @@ static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) { ** Traversal function for 'ipairs' */ static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) { - lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2) + 1; + lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2); + i = luaL_intop(+, i, 1); lua_pushinteger(L, i); return (lua_geti(L, 1, i) == LUA_TNIL) ? 1 : 2; } @@ -299,7 +321,7 @@ static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) { static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status, int envidx) { - if (status == LUA_OK) { + if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) { if (envidx != 0) { /* 'env' parameter? */ lua_pushvalue(L, envidx); /* environment for loaded function */ if (!lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1)) /* set it as 1st upvalue */ @@ -355,7 +377,7 @@ static const char *generic_reader (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) { *size = 0; return NULL; } - else if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) + else if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1))) luaL_error(L, "reader function must return a string"); lua_replace(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* save string in reserved slot */ return lua_tolstring(L, RESERVEDSLOT, size); @@ -393,7 +415,7 @@ static int dofilecont (lua_State *L, int d1, lua_KContext d2) { static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) { const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL); lua_settop(L, 1); - if (luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK) + if (l_unlikely(luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK)) return lua_error(L); lua_callk(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0, dofilecont); return dofilecont(L, 0, 0); @@ -401,7 +423,7 @@ static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) { static int luaB_assert (lua_State *L) { - if (lua_toboolean(L, 1)) /* condition is true? */ + if (l_likely(lua_toboolean(L, 1))) /* condition is true? */ return lua_gettop(L); /* return all arguments */ else { /* error */ luaL_checkany(L, 1); /* there must be a condition */ @@ -437,7 +459,7 @@ static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) { ** ignored). */ static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext extra) { - if (status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD) { /* error? */ + if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD)) { /* error? */ lua_pushboolean(L, 0); /* first result (false) */ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* error message */ return 2; /* return false, msg */ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcode.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcode.c similarity index 89% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcode.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcode.c index 6f241c9..1a371ca 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcode.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcode.c @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ #include "lprefix.h" +#include #include #include #include @@ -314,15 +315,6 @@ void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) { } -/* -** MAXimum number of successive Instructions WiTHout ABSolute line -** information. -*/ -#if !defined(MAXIWTHABS) -#define MAXIWTHABS 120 -#endif - - /* limit for difference between lines in relative line info. */ #define LIMLINEDIFF 0x80 @@ -337,13 +329,13 @@ void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) { static void savelineinfo (FuncState *fs, Proto *f, int line) { int linedif = line - fs->previousline; int pc = fs->pc - 1; /* last instruction coded */ - if (abs(linedif) >= LIMLINEDIFF || fs->iwthabs++ > MAXIWTHABS) { + if (abs(linedif) >= LIMLINEDIFF || fs->iwthabs++ >= MAXIWTHABS) { luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->abslineinfo, fs->nabslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo, AbsLineInfo, MAX_INT, "lines"); f->abslineinfo[fs->nabslineinfo].pc = pc; f->abslineinfo[fs->nabslineinfo++].line = line; linedif = ABSLINEINFO; /* signal that there is absolute information */ - fs->iwthabs = 0; /* restart counter */ + fs->iwthabs = 1; /* restart counter */ } luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->lineinfo, pc, f->sizelineinfo, ls_byte, MAX_INT, "opcodes"); @@ -545,11 +537,14 @@ static void freeexps (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { ** and try to reuse constants. Because some values should not be used ** as keys (nil cannot be a key, integer keys can collapse with float ** keys), the caller must provide a useful 'key' for indexing the cache. +** Note that all functions share the same table, so entering or exiting +** a function can make some indices wrong. */ static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) { + TValue val; lua_State *L = fs->ls->L; Proto *f = fs->f; - TValue *idx = luaH_set(L, fs->ls->h, key); /* index scanner table */ + const TValue *idx = luaH_get(fs->ls->h, key); /* query scanner table */ int k, oldsize; if (ttisinteger(idx)) { /* is there an index there? */ k = cast_int(ivalue(idx)); @@ -563,7 +558,8 @@ static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) { k = fs->nk; /* numerical value does not need GC barrier; table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */ - setivalue(idx, k); + setivalue(&val, k); + luaH_finishset(L, fs->ls->h, key, idx, &val); luaM_growvector(L, f->k, k, f->sizek, TValue, MAXARG_Ax, "constants"); while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]); setobj(L, &f->k[k], v); @@ -585,24 +581,41 @@ static int stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s) { /* ** Add an integer to list of constants and return its index. -** Integers use userdata as keys to avoid collision with floats with -** same value; conversion to 'void*' is used only for hashing, so there -** are no "precision" problems. */ static int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n) { - TValue k, o; - setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(cast_sizet(n))); + TValue o; setivalue(&o, n); - return addk(fs, &k, &o); + return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use integer itself as key */ } /* -** Add a float to list of constants and return its index. +** Add a float to list of constants and return its index. Floats +** with integral values need a different key, to avoid collision +** with actual integers. To that, we add to the number its smaller +** power-of-two fraction that is still significant in its scale. +** For doubles, that would be 1/2^52. +** (This method is not bulletproof: there may be another float +** with that value, and for floats larger than 2^53 the result is +** still an integer. At worst, this only wastes an entry with +** a duplicate.) */ static int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) { TValue o; + lua_Integer ik; setfltvalue(&o, r); - return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use number itself as key */ + if (!luaV_flttointeger(r, &ik, F2Ieq)) /* not an integral value? */ + return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use number itself as key */ + else { /* must build an alternative key */ + const int nbm = l_floatatt(MANT_DIG); + const lua_Number q = l_mathop(ldexp)(l_mathop(1.0), -nbm + 1); + const lua_Number k = (ik == 0) ? q : r + r*q; /* new key */ + TValue kv; + setfltvalue(&kv, k); + /* result is not an integral value, unless value is too large */ + lua_assert(!luaV_flttointeger(k, &ik, F2Ieq) || + l_mathop(fabs)(r) >= l_mathop(1e6)); + return addk(fs, &kv, &o); + } } @@ -753,7 +766,7 @@ void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { /* -** Ensure that expression 'e' is not a variable (nor a constant). +** Ensure that expression 'e' is not a variable (nor a ). ** (Expression still may have jump lists.) */ void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { @@ -763,7 +776,7 @@ void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { break; } case VLOCAL: { /* already in a register */ - e->u.info = e->u.var.sidx; + e->u.info = e->u.var.ridx; e->k = VNONRELOC; /* becomes a non-relocatable value */ break; } @@ -805,8 +818,8 @@ void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { /* -** Ensures expression value is in register 'reg' (and therefore -** 'e' will become a non-relocatable expression). +** Ensure expression value is in register 'reg', making 'e' a +** non-relocatable expression. ** (Expression still may have jump lists.) */ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { @@ -860,7 +873,8 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) { /* -** Ensures expression value is in any register. +** Ensure expression value is in a register, making 'e' a +** non-relocatable expression. ** (Expression still may have jump lists.) */ static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { @@ -946,8 +960,11 @@ int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) { exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.info); /* put final result in it */ return e->u.info; } + /* else expression has jumps and cannot change its register + to hold the jump values, because it is a local variable. + Go through to the default case. */ } - luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e); /* otherwise, use next available register */ + luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e); /* default: use next available register */ return e->u.info; } @@ -1032,7 +1049,7 @@ void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) { switch (var->k) { case VLOCAL: { freeexp(fs, ex); - exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.var.sidx); /* compute 'ex' into proper place */ + exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.var.ridx); /* compute 'ex' into proper place */ return; } case VUPVAL: { @@ -1272,7 +1289,7 @@ void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k) { } else { /* register index of the table */ - t->u.ind.t = (t->k == VLOCAL) ? t->u.var.sidx: t->u.info; + t->u.ind.t = (t->k == VLOCAL) ? t->u.var.ridx: t->u.info; if (isKstr(fs, k)) { t->u.ind.idx = k->u.info; /* literal string */ t->k = VINDEXSTR; @@ -1299,7 +1316,8 @@ static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) { case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR: case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR: case LUA_OPBNOT: { /* conversion errors */ lua_Integer i; - return (tointegerns(v1, &i) && tointegerns(v2, &i)); + return (luaV_tointegerns(v1, &i, LUA_FLOORN2I) && + luaV_tointegerns(v2, &i, LUA_FLOORN2I)); } case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPIDIV: case LUA_OPMOD: /* division by 0 */ return (nvalue(v2) != 0); @@ -1333,6 +1351,35 @@ static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, } +/* +** Convert a BinOpr to an OpCode (ORDER OPR - ORDER OP) +*/ +l_sinline OpCode binopr2op (BinOpr opr, BinOpr baser, OpCode base) { + lua_assert(baser <= opr && + ((baser == OPR_ADD && opr <= OPR_SHR) || + (baser == OPR_LT && opr <= OPR_LE))); + return cast(OpCode, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(baser)) + cast_int(base)); +} + + +/* +** Convert a UnOpr to an OpCode (ORDER OPR - ORDER OP) +*/ +l_sinline OpCode unopr2op (UnOpr opr) { + return cast(OpCode, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(OPR_MINUS)) + + cast_int(OP_UNM)); +} + + +/* +** Convert a BinOpr to a tag method (ORDER OPR - ORDER TM) +*/ +l_sinline TMS binopr2TM (BinOpr opr) { + lua_assert(OPR_ADD <= opr && opr <= OPR_SHR); + return cast(TMS, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(OPR_ADD)) + cast_int(TM_ADD)); +} + + /* ** Emit code for unary expressions that "produce values" ** (everything but 'not'). @@ -1371,12 +1418,15 @@ static void finishbinexpval (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, ** Emit code for binary expressions that "produce values" over ** two registers. */ -static void codebinexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, +static void codebinexpval (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) { - int v2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2); /* both operands are in registers */ + OpCode op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_ADD, OP_ADD); + int v2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2); /* make sure 'e2' is in a register */ + /* 'e1' must be already in a register or it is a constant */ + lua_assert((VNIL <= e1->k && e1->k <= VKSTR) || + e1->k == VNONRELOC || e1->k == VRELOC); lua_assert(OP_ADD <= op && op <= OP_SHR); - finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, 0, line, OP_MMBIN, - cast(TMS, (op - OP_ADD) + TM_ADD)); + finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, 0, line, OP_MMBIN, binopr2TM(opr)); } @@ -1392,6 +1442,18 @@ static void codebini (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, } +/* +** Code binary operators with K operand. +*/ +static void codebinK (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, + expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) { + TMS event = binopr2TM(opr); + int v2 = e2->u.info; /* K index */ + OpCode op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_ADD, OP_ADDK); + finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, flip, line, OP_MMBINK, event); +} + + /* Try to code a binary operator negating its second operand. ** For the metamethod, 2nd operand must keep its original value. */ @@ -1419,24 +1481,27 @@ static void swapexps (expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { } +/* +** Code binary operators with no constant operand. +*/ +static void codebinNoK (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, + expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) { + if (flip) + swapexps(e1, e2); /* back to original order */ + codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line); /* use standard operators */ +} + + /* ** Code arithmetic operators ('+', '-', ...). If second operand is a ** constant in the proper range, use variant opcodes with K operands. */ static void codearith (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) { - TMS event = cast(TMS, opr + TM_ADD); - if (tonumeral(e2, NULL) && luaK_exp2K(fs, e2)) { /* K operand? */ - int v2 = e2->u.info; /* K index */ - OpCode op = cast(OpCode, opr + OP_ADDK); - finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, flip, line, OP_MMBINK, event); - } - else { /* 'e2' is neither an immediate nor a K operand */ - OpCode op = cast(OpCode, opr + OP_ADD); - if (flip) - swapexps(e1, e2); /* back to original order */ - codebinexpval(fs, op, e1, e2, line); /* use standard operators */ - } + if (tonumeral(e2, NULL) && luaK_exp2K(fs, e2)) /* K operand? */ + codebinK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line); + else /* 'e2' is neither an immediate nor a K operand */ + codebinNoK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line); } @@ -1453,35 +1518,27 @@ static void codecommutative (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, flip = 1; } if (op == OPR_ADD && isSCint(e2)) /* immediate operand? */ - codebini(fs, cast(OpCode, OP_ADDI), e1, e2, flip, line, TM_ADD); + codebini(fs, OP_ADDI, e1, e2, flip, line, TM_ADD); else codearith(fs, op, e1, e2, flip, line); } /* -** Code bitwise operations; they are all associative, so the function +** Code bitwise operations; they are all commutative, so the function ** tries to put an integer constant as the 2nd operand (a K operand). */ static void codebitwise (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) { int flip = 0; - int v2; - OpCode op; - if (e1->k == VKINT && luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1)) { + if (e1->k == VKINT) { swapexps(e1, e2); /* 'e2' will be the constant operand */ flip = 1; } - else if (!(e2->k == VKINT && luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2))) { /* no constants? */ - op = cast(OpCode, opr + OP_ADD); - codebinexpval(fs, op, e1, e2, line); /* all-register opcodes */ - return; - } - v2 = e2->u.info; /* index in K array */ - op = cast(OpCode, opr + OP_ADDK); - lua_assert(ttisinteger(&fs->f->k[v2])); - finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, flip, line, OP_MMBINK, - cast(TMS, opr + TM_ADD)); + if (e2->k == VKINT && luaK_exp2K(fs, e2)) /* K operand? */ + codebinK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line); + else /* no constants */ + codebinNoK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line); } @@ -1489,25 +1546,27 @@ static void codebitwise (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, ** Emit code for order comparisons. When using an immediate operand, ** 'isfloat' tells whether the original value was a float. */ -static void codeorder (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { +static void codeorder (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { int r1, r2; int im; int isfloat = 0; + OpCode op; if (isSCnumber(e2, &im, &isfloat)) { /* use immediate operand */ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1); r2 = im; - op = cast(OpCode, (op - OP_LT) + OP_LTI); + op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_LTI); } else if (isSCnumber(e1, &im, &isfloat)) { /* transform (A < B) to (B > A) and (A <= B) to (B >= A) */ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2); r2 = im; - op = (op == OP_LT) ? OP_GTI : OP_GEI; + op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_GTI); } else { /* regular case, compare two registers */ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1); r2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2); + op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_LT); } freeexps(fs, e1, e2); e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, r1, r2, isfloat, 1); @@ -1533,7 +1592,7 @@ static void codeeq (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { op = OP_EQI; r2 = im; /* immediate operand */ } - else if (luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2)) { /* 1st expression is constant? */ + else if (luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2)) { /* 2nd expression is constant? */ op = OP_EQK; r2 = e2->u.info; /* constant index */ } @@ -1550,16 +1609,16 @@ static void codeeq (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) { /* ** Apply prefix operation 'op' to expression 'e'. */ -void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e, int line) { +void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr opr, expdesc *e, int line) { static const expdesc ef = {VKINT, {0}, NO_JUMP, NO_JUMP}; luaK_dischargevars(fs, e); - switch (op) { + switch (opr) { case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT: /* use 'ef' as fake 2nd operand */ - if (constfolding(fs, op + LUA_OPUNM, e, &ef)) + if (constfolding(fs, opr + LUA_OPUNM, e, &ef)) break; /* else */ /* FALLTHROUGH */ case OPR_LEN: - codeunexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, op + OP_UNM), e, line); + codeunexpval(fs, unopr2op(opr), e, line); break; case OPR_NOT: codenot(fs, e); break; default: lua_assert(0); @@ -1593,7 +1652,8 @@ void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) { case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: { if (!tonumeral(v, NULL)) luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, v); - /* else keep numeral, which may be folded with 2nd operand */ + /* else keep numeral, which may be folded or used as an immediate + operand */ break; } case OPR_EQ: case OPR_NE: { @@ -1688,30 +1748,27 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, /* coded as (r1 >> -I) */; } else /* regular case (two registers) */ - codebinexpval(fs, OP_SHL, e1, e2, line); + codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line); break; } case OPR_SHR: { if (isSCint(e2)) codebini(fs, OP_SHRI, e1, e2, 0, line, TM_SHR); /* r1 >> I */ else /* regular case (two registers) */ - codebinexpval(fs, OP_SHR, e1, e2, line); + codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line); break; } case OPR_EQ: case OPR_NE: { codeeq(fs, opr, e1, e2); break; } - case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: { - OpCode op = cast(OpCode, (opr - OPR_EQ) + OP_EQ); - codeorder(fs, op, e1, e2); - break; - } case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: { /* '(a > b)' <=> '(b < a)'; '(a >= b)' <=> '(b <= a)' */ - OpCode op = cast(OpCode, (opr - OPR_NE) + OP_EQ); swapexps(e1, e2); - codeorder(fs, op, e1, e2); + opr = cast(BinOpr, (opr - OPR_GT) + OPR_LT); + } /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: { + codeorder(fs, opr, e1, e2); break; } default: lua_assert(0); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcode.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcode.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcode.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcode.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcorolib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcorolib.c similarity index 85% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcorolib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcorolib.c index 7d6e585..c64adf0 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lcorolib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lcorolib.c @@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ static lua_State *getco (lua_State *L) { */ static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) { int status, nres; - if (!lua_checkstack(co, narg)) { + if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(co, narg))) { lua_pushliteral(L, "too many arguments to resume"); return -1; /* error flag */ } lua_xmove(L, co, narg); status = lua_resume(co, L, narg, &nres); - if (status == LUA_OK || status == LUA_YIELD) { - if (!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1)) { + if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK || status == LUA_YIELD)) { + if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1))) { lua_pop(co, nres); /* remove results anyway */ lua_pushliteral(L, "too many results to resume"); return -1; /* error flag */ @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) { lua_State *co = getco(L); int r; r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1); - if (r < 0) { + if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) { lua_pushboolean(L, 0); lua_insert(L, -2); return 2; /* return false + error message */ @@ -73,11 +73,15 @@ static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) { static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) { lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L)); - if (r < 0) { + if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) { /* error? */ int stat = lua_status(co); - if (stat != LUA_OK && stat != LUA_YIELD) - lua_resetthread(co); /* close variables in case of errors */ - if (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* error object is a string? */ + if (stat != LUA_OK && stat != LUA_YIELD) { /* error in the coroutine? */ + stat = lua_closethread(co, L); /* close its tbc variables */ + lua_assert(stat != LUA_OK); + lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message to the caller */ + } + if (stat != LUA_ERRMEM && /* not a memory error and ... */ + lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* ... error object is a string? */ luaL_where(L, 1); /* add extra info, if available */ lua_insert(L, -2); lua_concat(L, 2); @@ -168,14 +172,14 @@ static int luaB_close (lua_State *L) { int status = auxstatus(L, co); switch (status) { case COS_DEAD: case COS_YIELD: { - status = lua_resetthread(co); + status = lua_closethread(co, L); if (status == LUA_OK) { lua_pushboolean(L, 1); return 1; } else { lua_pushboolean(L, 0); - lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* copy error message */ + lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */ return 2; } } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lctype.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lctype.c similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lctype.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lctype.c diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lctype.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lctype.h similarity index 76% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lctype.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lctype.h index cbff4d7..864e190 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lctype.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lctype.h @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ /* ** WARNING: the functions defined here do not necessarily correspond ** to the similar functions in the standard C ctype.h. They are -** optimized for the specific needs of Lua +** optimized for the specific needs of Lua. */ #if !defined(LUA_USE_CTYPE) @@ -61,13 +61,19 @@ #define lisprint(c) testprop(c, MASK(PRINTBIT)) #define lisxdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(XDIGITBIT)) + /* -** this 'ltolower' only works for alphabetic characters +** In ASCII, this 'ltolower' is correct for alphabetic characters and +** for '.'. That is enough for Lua needs. ('check_exp' ensures that +** the character either is an upper-case letter or is unchanged by +** the transformation, which holds for lower-case letters and '.'.) */ -#define ltolower(c) ((c) | ('A' ^ 'a')) +#define ltolower(c) \ + check_exp(('A' <= (c) && (c) <= 'Z') || (c) == ((c) | ('A' ^ 'a')), \ + (c) | ('A' ^ 'a')) -/* two more entries for 0 and -1 (EOZ) */ +/* one entry for each character and for -1 (EOZ) */ LUAI_DDEC(const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2];) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldblib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldblib.c similarity index 94% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldblib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldblib.c index 59eb8f0..6dcbaa9 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldblib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldblib.c @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ static const char *const HOOKKEY = "_HOOKKEY"; ** checked. */ static void checkstack (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, int n) { - if (L != L1 && !lua_checkstack(L1, n)) + if (l_unlikely(L != L1 && !lua_checkstack(L1, n))) luaL_error(L, "stack overflow"); } @@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) { lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg); const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnSrtu"); checkstack(L, L1, 3); + luaL_argcheck(L, options[0] != '>', arg + 2, "invalid option '>'"); if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* info about a function? */ options = lua_pushfstring(L, ">%s", options); /* add '>' to 'options' */ lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* move function to 'L1' stack */ @@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) { lua_Debug ar; const char *name; int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1); - if (!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar)) /* out of range? */ + if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */ return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range"); checkstack(L, L1, 1); name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, nvar); @@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ static int db_setlocal (lua_State *L) { lua_Debug ar; int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1); int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2); - if (!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar)) /* out of range? */ + if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */ return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range"); luaL_checkany(L, arg+3); lua_settop(L, arg+3); @@ -281,25 +282,33 @@ static int db_setupvalue (lua_State *L) { ** Check whether a given upvalue from a given closure exists and ** returns its index */ -static int checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup) { +static void *checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup, int *pnup) { + void *id; int nup = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, argnup); /* upvalue index */ luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* closure */ - luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_getupvalue(L, argf, nup) != NULL), argnup, - "invalid upvalue index"); - return nup; + id = lua_upvalueid(L, argf, nup); + if (pnup) { + luaL_argcheck(L, id != NULL, argnup, "invalid upvalue index"); + *pnup = nup; + } + return id; } static int db_upvalueid (lua_State *L) { - int n = checkupval(L, 1, 2); - lua_pushlightuserdata(L, lua_upvalueid(L, 1, n)); + void *id = checkupval(L, 1, 2, NULL); + if (id != NULL) + lua_pushlightuserdata(L, id); + else + luaL_pushfail(L); return 1; } static int db_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L) { - int n1 = checkupval(L, 1, 2); - int n2 = checkupval(L, 3, 4); + int n1, n2; + checkupval(L, 1, 2, &n1); + checkupval(L, 3, 4, &n2); luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 1), 1, "Lua function expected"); luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 3), 3, "Lua function expected"); lua_upvaluejoin(L, 1, n1, 3, n2); @@ -369,7 +378,7 @@ static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) { } if (!luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY)) { /* table just created; initialize it */ - lua_pushstring(L, "k"); + lua_pushliteral(L, "k"); lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /** hooktable.__mode = "k" */ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* metatable(hooktable) = hooktable */ @@ -412,7 +421,7 @@ static int db_debug (lua_State *L) { for (;;) { char buffer[250]; lua_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> "); - if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == 0 || + if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == NULL || strcmp(buffer, "cont\n") == 0) return 0; if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") || @@ -440,10 +449,7 @@ static int db_traceback (lua_State *L) { static int db_setcstacklimit (lua_State *L) { int limit = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 1); int res = lua_setcstacklimit(L, limit); - if (res == 0) - lua_pushboolean(L, 0); - else - lua_pushinteger(L, res); + lua_pushinteger(L, res); return 1; } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.c similarity index 71% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.c index afdc2b7..28b1caa 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.c @@ -34,12 +34,8 @@ #define noLuaClosure(f) ((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_VCCL) -/* Active Lua function (given call info) */ -#define ci_func(ci) (clLvalue(s2v((ci)->func))) - - -static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, - const char **name); +static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, + const char **name); static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) { @@ -50,10 +46,16 @@ static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) { /* ** Get a "base line" to find the line corresponding to an instruction. -** For that, search the array of absolute line info for the largest saved -** instruction smaller or equal to the wanted instruction. A special -** case is when there is no absolute info or the instruction is before -** the first absolute one. +** Base lines are regularly placed at MAXIWTHABS intervals, so usually +** an integer division gets the right place. When the source file has +** large sequences of empty/comment lines, it may need extra entries, +** so the original estimate needs a correction. +** If the original estimate is -1, the initial 'if' ensures that the +** 'while' will run at least once. +** The assertion that the estimate is a lower bound for the correct base +** is valid as long as the debug info has been generated with the same +** value for MAXIWTHABS or smaller. (Previous releases use a little +** smaller value.) */ static int getbaseline (const Proto *f, int pc, int *basepc) { if (f->sizeabslineinfo == 0 || pc < f->abslineinfo[0].pc) { @@ -61,20 +63,12 @@ static int getbaseline (const Proto *f, int pc, int *basepc) { return f->linedefined; } else { - unsigned int i; - if (pc >= f->abslineinfo[f->sizeabslineinfo - 1].pc) - i = f->sizeabslineinfo - 1; /* instruction is after last saved one */ - else { /* binary search */ - unsigned int j = f->sizeabslineinfo - 1; /* pc < anchorlines[j] */ - i = 0; /* abslineinfo[i] <= pc */ - while (i < j - 1) { - unsigned int m = (j + i) / 2; - if (pc >= f->abslineinfo[m].pc) - i = m; - else - j = m; - } - } + int i = cast_uint(pc) / MAXIWTHABS - 1; /* get an estimate */ + /* estimate must be a lower bound of the correct base */ + lua_assert(i < 0 || + (i < f->sizeabslineinfo && f->abslineinfo[i].pc <= pc)); + while (i + 1 < f->sizeabslineinfo && pc >= f->abslineinfo[i + 1].pc) + i++; /* low estimate; adjust it */ *basepc = f->abslineinfo[i].pc; return f->abslineinfo[i].line; } @@ -127,20 +121,18 @@ static void settraps (CallInfo *ci) { /* ** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable" ** assumptions. -** Fields 'oldpc', 'basehookcount', and 'hookcount' (set by -** 'resethookcount') are for debug only, and it is no problem if they -** get arbitrary values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask' -** is an atomic value. We assume that pointers are atomic too (e.g., gcc -** ensures that for all platforms where it runs). Moreover, 'hook' is -** always checked before being called (see 'luaD_hook'). +** Fields 'basehookcount' and 'hookcount' (set by 'resethookcount') +** are for debug only, and it is no problem if they get arbitrary +** values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask' is an atomic +** value. We assume that pointers are atomic too (e.g., gcc ensures that +** for all platforms where it runs). Moreover, 'hook' is always checked +** before being called (see 'luaD_hook'). */ LUA_API void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) { if (func == NULL || mask == 0) { /* turn off hooks? */ mask = 0; func = NULL; } - if (isLua(L->ci)) - L->oldpc = L->ci->u.l.savedpc; L->hook = func; L->basehookcount = count; resethookcount(L); @@ -190,10 +182,10 @@ static const char *upvalname (const Proto *p, int uv) { static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) { - if (clLvalue(s2v(ci->func))->p->is_vararg) { + if (clLvalue(s2v(ci->func.p))->p->is_vararg) { int nextra = ci->u.l.nextraargs; - if (n <= nextra) { - *pos = ci->func - nextra + (n - 1); + if (n >= -nextra) { /* 'n' is negative */ + *pos = ci->func.p - nextra - (n + 1); return "(vararg)"; /* generic name for any vararg */ } } @@ -202,16 +194,16 @@ static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) { const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) { - StkId base = ci->func + 1; + StkId base = ci->func.p + 1; const char *name = NULL; if (isLua(ci)) { if (n < 0) /* access to vararg values? */ - return findvararg(ci, -n, pos); + return findvararg(ci, n, pos); else name = luaF_getlocalname(ci_func(ci)->p, n, currentpc(ci)); } if (name == NULL) { /* no 'standard' name? */ - StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top : ci->next->func; + StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top.p : ci->next->func.p; if (limit - base >= n && n > 0) { /* is 'n' inside 'ci' stack? */ /* generic name for any valid slot */ name = isLua(ci) ? "(temporary)" : "(C temporary)"; @@ -229,16 +221,16 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) { const char *name; lua_lock(L); if (ar == NULL) { /* information about non-active function? */ - if (!isLfunction(s2v(L->top - 1))) /* not a Lua function? */ + if (!isLfunction(s2v(L->top.p - 1))) /* not a Lua function? */ name = NULL; else /* consider live variables at function start (parameters) */ - name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(s2v(L->top - 1))->p, n, 0); + name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1))->p, n, 0); } else { /* active function; get information through 'ar' */ StkId pos = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos); if (name) { - setobjs2s(L, L->top, pos); + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, pos); api_incr_top(L); } } @@ -253,8 +245,8 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) { lua_lock(L); name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos); if (name) { - setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top - 1); - L->top--; /* pop value */ + setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top.p - 1); + L->top.p--; /* pop value */ } lua_unlock(L); return name; @@ -297,7 +289,7 @@ static int nextline (const Proto *p, int currentline, int pc) { static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) { if (noLuaClosure(f)) { - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top)); + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p)); api_incr_top(L); } else { @@ -306,11 +298,18 @@ static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) { const Proto *p = f->l.p; int currentline = p->linedefined; Table *t = luaH_new(L); /* new table to store active lines */ - sethvalue2s(L, L->top, t); /* push it on stack */ + sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, t); /* push it on stack */ api_incr_top(L); setbtvalue(&v); /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */ - for (i = 0; i < p->sizelineinfo; i++) { /* for all lines with code */ - currentline = nextline(p, currentline, i); + if (!p->is_vararg) /* regular function? */ + i = 0; /* consider all instructions */ + else { /* vararg function */ + lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(p->code[0]) == OP_VARARGPREP); + currentline = nextline(p, currentline, 0); + i = 1; /* skip first instruction (OP_VARARGPREP) */ + } + for (; i < p->sizelineinfo; i++) { /* for each instruction */ + currentline = nextline(p, currentline, i); /* get its line */ luaH_setint(L, t, currentline, &v); /* table[line] = true */ } } @@ -318,15 +317,9 @@ static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) { static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) { - if (ci == NULL) /* no 'ci'? */ - return NULL; /* no info */ - else if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FIN) { /* is this a finalizer? */ - *name = "__gc"; - return "metamethod"; /* report it as such */ - } - /* calling function is a known Lua function? */ - else if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) && isLua(ci->previous)) - return funcnamefromcode(L, ci->previous, name); + /* calling function is a known function? */ + if (ci != NULL && !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL)) + return funcnamefromcall(L, ci->previous, name); else return NULL; /* no way to find a name */ } @@ -395,20 +388,20 @@ LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) { lua_lock(L); if (*what == '>') { ci = NULL; - func = s2v(L->top - 1); + func = s2v(L->top.p - 1); api_check(L, ttisfunction(func), "function expected"); what++; /* skip the '>' */ - L->top--; /* pop function */ + L->top.p--; /* pop function */ } else { ci = ar->i_ci; - func = s2v(ci->func); + func = s2v(ci->func.p); lua_assert(ttisfunction(func)); } cl = ttisclosure(func) ? clvalue(func) : NULL; status = auxgetinfo(L, what, ar, cl, ci); if (strchr(what, 'f')) { - setobj2s(L, L->top, func); + setobj2s(L, L->top.p, func); api_incr_top(L); } if (strchr(what, 'L')) @@ -598,16 +591,10 @@ static const char *getobjname (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg, ** Returns what the name is (e.g., "for iterator", "method", ** "metamethod") and sets '*name' to point to the name. */ -static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, - const char **name) { +static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, const Proto *p, + int pc, const char **name) { TMS tm = (TMS)0; /* (initial value avoids warnings) */ - const Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; /* calling function */ - int pc = currentpc(ci); /* calling instruction index */ Instruction i = p->code[pc]; /* calling instruction */ - if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED) { /* was it called inside a hook? */ - *name = "?"; - return "hook"; - } switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { case OP_CALL: case OP_TAILCALL: @@ -633,12 +620,10 @@ static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, case OP_LEN: tm = TM_LEN; break; case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break; case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break; - case OP_LT: case OP_LE: case OP_LTI: case OP_LEI: - *name = "order"; /* '<=' can call '__lt', etc. */ - return "metamethod"; - case OP_CLOSE: case OP_RETURN: - *name = "close"; - return "metamethod"; + /* no cases for OP_EQI and OP_EQK, as they don't call metamethods */ + case OP_LT: case OP_LTI: case OP_GTI: tm = TM_LT; break; + case OP_LE: case OP_LEI: case OP_GEI: tm = TM_LE; break; + case OP_CLOSE: case OP_RETURN: tm = TM_CLOSE; break; default: return NULL; /* cannot find a reasonable name */ } @@ -646,19 +631,44 @@ static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, return "metamethod"; } + +/* +** Try to find a name for a function based on how it was called. +*/ +static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, + const char **name) { + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED) { /* was it called inside a hook? */ + *name = "?"; + return "hook"; + } + else if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FIN) { /* was it called as a finalizer? */ + *name = "__gc"; + return "metamethod"; /* report it as such */ + } + else if (isLua(ci)) + return funcnamefromcode(L, ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), name); + else + return NULL; +} + /* }====================================================== */ /* -** The subtraction of two potentially unrelated pointers is -** not ISO C, but it should not crash a program; the subsequent -** checks are ISO C and ensure a correct result. +** Check whether pointer 'o' points to some value in the stack frame of +** the current function and, if so, returns its index. Because 'o' may +** not point to a value in this stack, we cannot compare it with the +** region boundaries (undefined behavior in ISO C). */ -static int isinstack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) { - StkId base = ci->func + 1; - ptrdiff_t i = cast(StkId, o) - base; - return (0 <= i && i < (ci->top - base) && s2v(base + i) == o); +static int instack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) { + int pos; + StkId base = ci->func.p + 1; + for (pos = 0; base + pos < ci->top.p; pos++) { + if (o == s2v(base + pos)) + return pos; + } + return -1; /* not found */ } @@ -672,7 +682,7 @@ static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o, LClosure *c = ci_func(ci); int i; for (i = 0; i < c->nupvalues; i++) { - if (c->upvals[i]->v == o) { + if (c->upvals[i]->v.p == o) { *name = upvalname(c->p, i); return "upvalue"; } @@ -681,23 +691,64 @@ static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o, } +static const char *formatvarinfo (lua_State *L, const char *kind, + const char *name) { + if (kind == NULL) + return ""; /* no information */ + else + return luaO_pushfstring(L, " (%s '%s')", kind, name); +} + +/* +** Build a string with a "description" for the value 'o', such as +** "variable 'x'" or "upvalue 'y'". +*/ static const char *varinfo (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) { - const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ const char *kind = NULL; if (isLua(ci)) { kind = getupvalname(ci, o, &name); /* check whether 'o' is an upvalue */ - if (!kind && isinstack(ci, o)) /* no? try a register */ - kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), - cast_int(cast(StkId, o) - (ci->func + 1)), &name); + if (!kind) { /* not an upvalue? */ + int reg = instack(ci, o); /* try a register */ + if (reg >= 0) /* is 'o' a register? */ + kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), reg, &name); + } } - return (kind) ? luaO_pushfstring(L, " (%s '%s')", kind, name) : ""; + return formatvarinfo(L, kind, name); } -l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) { +/* +** Raise a type error +*/ +static l_noret typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op, + const char *extra) { const char *t = luaT_objtypename(L, o); - luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, varinfo(L, o)); + luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, extra); +} + + +/* +** Raise a type error with "standard" information about the faulty +** object 'o' (using 'varinfo'). +*/ +l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) { + typeerror(L, o, op, varinfo(L, o)); +} + + +/* +** Raise an error for calling a non-callable object. Try to find a name +** for the object based on how it was called ('funcnamefromcall'); if it +** cannot get a name there, try 'varinfo'. +*/ +l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */ + const char *kind = funcnamefromcall(L, ci, &name); + const char *extra = kind ? formatvarinfo(L, kind, name) : varinfo(L, o); + typeerror(L, o, "call", extra); } @@ -726,7 +777,7 @@ l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, */ l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { lua_Integer temp; - if (!tointegerns(p1, &temp)) + if (!luaV_tointegerns(p1, &temp, LUA_FLOORN2I)) p2 = p1; luaG_runerror(L, "number%s has no integer representation", varinfo(L, p2)); } @@ -759,10 +810,10 @@ l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) { if (L->errfunc != 0) { /* is there an error handling function? */ StkId errfunc = restorestack(L, L->errfunc); lua_assert(ttisfunction(s2v(errfunc))); - setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1); /* move argument */ - setobjs2s(L, L->top - 1, errfunc); /* push function */ - L->top++; /* assume EXTRA_STACK */ - luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top - 2, 1); /* call it */ + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, L->top.p - 1); /* move argument */ + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 1, errfunc); /* push function */ + L->top.p++; /* assume EXTRA_STACK */ + luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top.p - 2, 1); /* call it */ } luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRRUN); } @@ -776,28 +827,60 @@ l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) { va_start(argp, fmt); msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp); /* format message */ va_end(argp); - if (isLua(ci)) /* if Lua function, add source:line information */ + if (isLua(ci)) { /* if Lua function, add source:line information */ luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, getcurrentline(ci)); + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 2, L->top.p - 1); /* remove 'msg' */ + L->top.p--; + } luaG_errormsg(L); } /* ** Check whether new instruction 'newpc' is in a different line from -** previous instruction 'oldpc'. +** previous instruction 'oldpc'. More often than not, 'newpc' is only +** one or a few instructions after 'oldpc' (it must be after, see +** caller), so try to avoid calling 'luaG_getfuncline'. If they are +** too far apart, there is a good chance of a ABSLINEINFO in the way, +** so it goes directly to 'luaG_getfuncline'. */ static int changedline (const Proto *p, int oldpc, int newpc) { - while (oldpc++ < newpc) { - if (p->lineinfo[oldpc] != 0) - return (luaG_getfuncline(p, oldpc - 1) != luaG_getfuncline(p, newpc)); + if (p->lineinfo == NULL) /* no debug information? */ + return 0; + if (newpc - oldpc < MAXIWTHABS / 2) { /* not too far apart? */ + int delta = 0; /* line difference */ + int pc = oldpc; + for (;;) { + int lineinfo = p->lineinfo[++pc]; + if (lineinfo == ABSLINEINFO) + break; /* cannot compute delta; fall through */ + delta += lineinfo; + if (pc == newpc) + return (delta != 0); /* delta computed successfully */ + } } - return 0; /* no line changes in the way */ + /* either instructions are too far apart or there is an absolute line + info in the way; compute line difference explicitly */ + return (luaG_getfuncline(p, oldpc) != luaG_getfuncline(p, newpc)); } +/* +** Traces the execution of a Lua function. Called before the execution +** of each opcode, when debug is on. 'L->oldpc' stores the last +** instruction traced, to detect line changes. When entering a new +** function, 'npci' will be zero and will test as a new line whatever +** the value of 'oldpc'. Some exceptional conditions may return to +** a function without setting 'oldpc'. In that case, 'oldpc' may be +** invalid; if so, use zero as a valid value. (A wrong but valid 'oldpc' +** at most causes an extra call to a line hook.) +** This function is not "Protected" when called, so it should correct +** 'L->top.p' before calling anything that can run the GC. +*/ int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; lu_byte mask = L->hookmask; + const Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; int counthook; if (!(mask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))) { /* no hooks? */ ci->u.l.trap = 0; /* don't need to stop again */ @@ -814,20 +897,20 @@ int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) { ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* erase mark */ return 1; /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */ } - if (!isIT(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1))) - L->top = ci->top; /* prepare top */ + if (!isIT(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1))) /* top not being used? */ + L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* correct top */ if (counthook) luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1, 0, 0); /* call count hook */ if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) { - const Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; + /* 'L->oldpc' may be invalid; use zero in this case */ + int oldpc = (L->oldpc < p->sizecode) ? L->oldpc : 0; int npci = pcRel(pc, p); - if (npci == 0 || /* call linehook when enter a new function, */ - pc <= L->oldpc || /* when jump back (loop), or when */ - changedline(p, pcRel(L->oldpc, p), npci)) { /* enter new line */ + if (npci <= oldpc || /* call hook when jump back (loop), */ + changedline(p, oldpc, npci)) { /* or when enter new line */ int newline = luaG_getfuncline(p, npci); luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline, 0, 0); /* call line hook */ } - L->oldpc = pc; /* 'pc' of last call to line hook */ + L->oldpc = npci; /* 'pc' of last call to line hook */ } if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { /* did hook yield? */ if (counthook) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.h similarity index 83% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.h index 1fe0efa..2c3074c 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldebug.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldebug.h @@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ #define pcRel(pc, p) (cast_int((pc) - (p)->code) - 1) + +/* Active Lua function (given call info) */ +#define ci_func(ci) (clLvalue(s2v((ci)->func.p))) + + #define resethookcount(L) (L->hookcount = L->basehookcount) /* @@ -21,11 +26,22 @@ */ #define ABSLINEINFO (-0x80) + +/* +** MAXimum number of successive Instructions WiTHout ABSolute line +** information. (A power of two allows fast divisions.) +*/ +#if !defined(MAXIWTHABS) +#define MAXIWTHABS 128 +#endif + + LUAI_FUNC int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos); LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *opname); +LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o); LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_forerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *what); LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2a0017c --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.c @@ -0,0 +1,1024 @@ +/* +** $Id: ldo.c $ +** Stack and Call structure of Lua +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#define ldo_c +#define LUA_CORE + +#include "lprefix.h" + + +#include +#include +#include + +#include "lua.h" + +#include "lapi.h" +#include "ldebug.h" +#include "ldo.h" +#include "lfunc.h" +#include "lgc.h" +#include "lmem.h" +#include "lobject.h" +#include "lopcodes.h" +#include "lparser.h" +#include "lstate.h" +#include "lstring.h" +#include "ltable.h" +#include "ltm.h" +#include "lundump.h" +#include "lvm.h" +#include "lzio.h" + + + +#define errorstatus(s) ((s) > LUA_YIELD) + + +/* +** {====================================================== +** Error-recovery functions +** ======================================================= +*/ + +/* +** LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. By +** default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when compiling as +** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with +** longjmp/setjmp otherwise. +*/ +#if !defined(LUAI_THROW) /* { */ + +#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP) /* { */ + +/* C++ exceptions */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) throw(c) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \ + try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; } +#define luai_jmpbuf int /* dummy variable */ + +#elif defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* }{ */ + +/* in POSIX, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) _longjmp((c)->b, 1) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } +#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf + +#else /* }{ */ + +/* ISO C handling with long jumps */ +#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) longjmp((c)->b, 1) +#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a } +#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf + +#endif /* } */ + +#endif /* } */ + + + +/* chain list of long jump buffers */ +struct lua_longjmp { + struct lua_longjmp *previous; + luai_jmpbuf b; + volatile int status; /* error code */ +}; + + +void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) { + switch (errcode) { + case LUA_ERRMEM: { /* memory error? */ + setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, G(L)->memerrmsg); /* reuse preregistered msg. */ + break; + } + case LUA_ERRERR: { + setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, "error in error handling")); + break; + } + case LUA_OK: { /* special case only for closing upvalues */ + setnilvalue(s2v(oldtop)); /* no error message */ + break; + } + default: { + lua_assert(errorstatus(errcode)); /* real error */ + setobjs2s(L, oldtop, L->top.p - 1); /* error message on current top */ + break; + } + } + L->top.p = oldtop + 1; +} + + +l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) { + if (L->errorJmp) { /* thread has an error handler? */ + L->errorJmp->status = errcode; /* set status */ + LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp); /* jump to it */ + } + else { /* thread has no error handler */ + global_State *g = G(L); + errcode = luaE_resetthread(L, errcode); /* close all upvalues */ + if (g->mainthread->errorJmp) { /* main thread has a handler? */ + setobjs2s(L, g->mainthread->top.p++, L->top.p - 1); /* copy error obj. */ + luaD_throw(g->mainthread, errcode); /* re-throw in main thread */ + } + else { /* no handler at all; abort */ + if (g->panic) { /* panic function? */ + lua_unlock(L); + g->panic(L); /* call panic function (last chance to jump out) */ + } + abort(); + } + } +} + + +int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud) { + l_uint32 oldnCcalls = L->nCcalls; + struct lua_longjmp lj; + lj.status = LUA_OK; + lj.previous = L->errorJmp; /* chain new error handler */ + L->errorJmp = &lj; + LUAI_TRY(L, &lj, + (*f)(L, ud); + ); + L->errorJmp = lj.previous; /* restore old error handler */ + L->nCcalls = oldnCcalls; + return lj.status; +} + +/* }====================================================== */ + + +/* +** {================================================================== +** Stack reallocation +** =================================================================== +*/ + + +/* +** Change all pointers to the stack into offsets. +*/ +static void relstack (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + UpVal *up; + L->top.offset = savestack(L, L->top.p); + L->tbclist.offset = savestack(L, L->tbclist.p); + for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next) + up->v.offset = savestack(L, uplevel(up)); + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { + ci->top.offset = savestack(L, ci->top.p); + ci->func.offset = savestack(L, ci->func.p); + } +} + + +/* +** Change back all offsets into pointers. +*/ +static void correctstack (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + UpVal *up; + L->top.p = restorestack(L, L->top.offset); + L->tbclist.p = restorestack(L, L->tbclist.offset); + for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next) + up->v.p = s2v(restorestack(L, up->v.offset)); + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { + ci->top.p = restorestack(L, ci->top.offset); + ci->func.p = restorestack(L, ci->func.offset); + if (isLua(ci)) + ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* signal to update 'trap' in 'luaV_execute' */ + } +} + + +/* some space for error handling */ +#define ERRORSTACKSIZE (LUAI_MAXSTACK + 200) + +/* +** Reallocate the stack to a new size, correcting all pointers into it. +** In ISO C, any pointer use after the pointer has been deallocated is +** undefined behavior. So, before the reallocation, all pointers are +** changed to offsets, and after the reallocation they are changed back +** to pointers. As during the reallocation the pointers are invalid, the +** reallocation cannot run emergency collections. +** +** In case of allocation error, raise an error or return false according +** to 'raiseerror'. +*/ +int luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize, int raiseerror) { + int oldsize = stacksize(L); + int i; + StkId newstack; + int oldgcstop = G(L)->gcstopem; + lua_assert(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK || newsize == ERRORSTACKSIZE); + relstack(L); /* change pointers to offsets */ + G(L)->gcstopem = 1; /* stop emergency collection */ + newstack = luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack.p, oldsize + EXTRA_STACK, + newsize + EXTRA_STACK, StackValue); + G(L)->gcstopem = oldgcstop; /* restore emergency collection */ + if (l_unlikely(newstack == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */ + correctstack(L); /* change offsets back to pointers */ + if (raiseerror) + luaM_error(L); + else return 0; /* do not raise an error */ + } + L->stack.p = newstack; + correctstack(L); /* change offsets back to pointers */ + L->stack_last.p = L->stack.p + newsize; + for (i = oldsize + EXTRA_STACK; i < newsize + EXTRA_STACK; i++) + setnilvalue(s2v(newstack + i)); /* erase new segment */ + return 1; +} + + +/* +** Try to grow the stack by at least 'n' elements. When 'raiseerror' +** is true, raises any error; otherwise, return 0 in case of errors. +*/ +int luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n, int raiseerror) { + int size = stacksize(L); + if (l_unlikely(size > LUAI_MAXSTACK)) { + /* if stack is larger than maximum, thread is already using the + extra space reserved for errors, that is, thread is handling + a stack error; cannot grow further than that. */ + lua_assert(stacksize(L) == ERRORSTACKSIZE); + if (raiseerror) + luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error inside message handler */ + return 0; /* if not 'raiseerror', just signal it */ + } + else if (n < LUAI_MAXSTACK) { /* avoids arithmetic overflows */ + int newsize = 2 * size; /* tentative new size */ + int needed = cast_int(L->top.p - L->stack.p) + n; + if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) /* cannot cross the limit */ + newsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK; + if (newsize < needed) /* but must respect what was asked for */ + newsize = needed; + if (l_likely(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK)) + return luaD_reallocstack(L, newsize, raiseerror); + } + /* else stack overflow */ + /* add extra size to be able to handle the error message */ + luaD_reallocstack(L, ERRORSTACKSIZE, raiseerror); + if (raiseerror) + luaG_runerror(L, "stack overflow"); + return 0; +} + + +/* +** Compute how much of the stack is being used, by computing the +** maximum top of all call frames in the stack and the current top. +*/ +static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + int res; + StkId lim = L->top.p; + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { + if (lim < ci->top.p) lim = ci->top.p; + } + lua_assert(lim <= L->stack_last.p + EXTRA_STACK); + res = cast_int(lim - L->stack.p) + 1; /* part of stack in use */ + if (res < LUA_MINSTACK) + res = LUA_MINSTACK; /* ensure a minimum size */ + return res; +} + + +/* +** If stack size is more than 3 times the current use, reduce that size +** to twice the current use. (So, the final stack size is at most 2/3 the +** previous size, and half of its entries are empty.) +** As a particular case, if stack was handling a stack overflow and now +** it is not, 'max' (limited by LUAI_MAXSTACK) will be smaller than +** stacksize (equal to ERRORSTACKSIZE in this case), and so the stack +** will be reduced to a "regular" size. +*/ +void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) { + int inuse = stackinuse(L); + int max = (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK / 3) ? LUAI_MAXSTACK : inuse * 3; + /* if thread is currently not handling a stack overflow and its + size is larger than maximum "reasonable" size, shrink it */ + if (inuse <= LUAI_MAXSTACK && stacksize(L) > max) { + int nsize = (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK / 2) ? LUAI_MAXSTACK : inuse * 2; + luaD_reallocstack(L, nsize, 0); /* ok if that fails */ + } + else /* don't change stack */ + condmovestack(L,{},{}); /* (change only for debugging) */ + luaE_shrinkCI(L); /* shrink CI list */ +} + + +void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L) { + luaD_checkstack(L, 1); + L->top.p++; +} + +/* }================================================================== */ + + +/* +** Call a hook for the given event. Make sure there is a hook to be +** called. (Both 'L->hook' and 'L->hookmask', which trigger this +** function, can be changed asynchronously by signals.) +*/ +void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line, + int ftransfer, int ntransfer) { + lua_Hook hook = L->hook; + if (hook && L->allowhook) { /* make sure there is a hook */ + int mask = CIST_HOOKED; + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top.p); /* preserve original 'top' */ + ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top.p); /* idem for 'ci->top' */ + lua_Debug ar; + ar.event = event; + ar.currentline = line; + ar.i_ci = ci; + if (ntransfer != 0) { + mask |= CIST_TRAN; /* 'ci' has transfer information */ + ci->u2.transferinfo.ftransfer = ftransfer; + ci->u2.transferinfo.ntransfer = ntransfer; + } + if (isLua(ci) && L->top.p < ci->top.p) + L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* protect entire activation register */ + luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */ + if (ci->top.p < L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK) + ci->top.p = L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK; + L->allowhook = 0; /* cannot call hooks inside a hook */ + ci->callstatus |= mask; + lua_unlock(L); + (*hook)(L, &ar); + lua_lock(L); + lua_assert(!L->allowhook); + L->allowhook = 1; + ci->top.p = restorestack(L, ci_top); + L->top.p = restorestack(L, top); + ci->callstatus &= ~mask; + } +} + + +/* +** Executes a call hook for Lua functions. This function is called +** whenever 'hookmask' is not zero, so it checks whether call hooks are +** active. +*/ +void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { + L->oldpc = 0; /* set 'oldpc' for new function */ + if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) { /* is call hook on? */ + int event = (ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) ? LUA_HOOKTAILCALL + : LUA_HOOKCALL; + Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; + ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */ + luaD_hook(L, event, -1, 1, p->numparams); + ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* correct 'pc' */ + } +} + + +/* +** Executes a return hook for Lua and C functions and sets/corrects +** 'oldpc'. (Note that this correction is needed by the line hook, so it +** is done even when return hooks are off.) +*/ +static void rethook (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) { + if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) { /* is return hook on? */ + StkId firstres = L->top.p - nres; /* index of first result */ + int delta = 0; /* correction for vararg functions */ + int ftransfer; + if (isLua(ci)) { + Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p; + if (p->is_vararg) + delta = ci->u.l.nextraargs + p->numparams + 1; + } + ci->func.p += delta; /* if vararg, back to virtual 'func' */ + ftransfer = cast(unsigned short, firstres - ci->func.p); + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1, ftransfer, nres); /* call it */ + ci->func.p -= delta; + } + if (isLua(ci = ci->previous)) + L->oldpc = pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, ci_func(ci)->p); /* set 'oldpc' */ +} + + +/* +** Check whether 'func' has a '__call' metafield. If so, put it in the +** stack, below original 'func', so that 'luaD_precall' can call it. Raise +** an error if there is no '__call' metafield. +*/ +StkId luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) { + const TValue *tm; + StkId p; + checkstackGCp(L, 1, func); /* space for metamethod */ + tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(func), TM_CALL); /* (after previous GC) */ + if (l_unlikely(ttisnil(tm))) + luaG_callerror(L, s2v(func)); /* nothing to call */ + for (p = L->top.p; p > func; p--) /* open space for metamethod */ + setobjs2s(L, p, p-1); + L->top.p++; /* stack space pre-allocated by the caller */ + setobj2s(L, func, tm); /* metamethod is the new function to be called */ + return func; +} + + +/* +** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'. +** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for +** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters) +** separated. +*/ +l_sinline void moveresults (lua_State *L, StkId res, int nres, int wanted) { + StkId firstresult; + int i; + switch (wanted) { /* handle typical cases separately */ + case 0: /* no values needed */ + L->top.p = res; + return; + case 1: /* one value needed */ + if (nres == 0) /* no results? */ + setnilvalue(s2v(res)); /* adjust with nil */ + else /* at least one result */ + setobjs2s(L, res, L->top.p - nres); /* move it to proper place */ + L->top.p = res + 1; + return; + case LUA_MULTRET: + wanted = nres; /* we want all results */ + break; + default: /* two/more results and/or to-be-closed variables */ + if (hastocloseCfunc(wanted)) { /* to-be-closed variables? */ + L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_CLSRET; /* in case of yields */ + L->ci->u2.nres = nres; + res = luaF_close(L, res, CLOSEKTOP, 1); + L->ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_CLSRET; + if (L->hookmask) { /* if needed, call hook after '__close's */ + ptrdiff_t savedres = savestack(L, res); + rethook(L, L->ci, nres); + res = restorestack(L, savedres); /* hook can move stack */ + } + wanted = decodeNresults(wanted); + if (wanted == LUA_MULTRET) + wanted = nres; /* we want all results */ + } + break; + } + /* generic case */ + firstresult = L->top.p - nres; /* index of first result */ + if (nres > wanted) /* extra results? */ + nres = wanted; /* don't need them */ + for (i = 0; i < nres; i++) /* move all results to correct place */ + setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstresult + i); + for (; i < wanted; i++) /* complete wanted number of results */ + setnilvalue(s2v(res + i)); + L->top.p = res + wanted; /* top points after the last result */ +} + + +/* +** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, moves current +** number of results to proper place, and returns to previous call +** info. If function has to close variables, hook must be called after +** that. +*/ +void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) { + int wanted = ci->nresults; + if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask && !hastocloseCfunc(wanted))) + rethook(L, ci, nres); + /* move results to proper place */ + moveresults(L, ci->func.p, nres, wanted); + /* function cannot be in any of these cases when returning */ + lua_assert(!(ci->callstatus & + (CIST_HOOKED | CIST_YPCALL | CIST_FIN | CIST_TRAN | CIST_CLSRET))); + L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller (after closing variables) */ +} + + + +#define next_ci(L) (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)) + + +l_sinline CallInfo *prepCallInfo (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nret, + int mask, StkId top) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci = next_ci(L); /* new frame */ + ci->func.p = func; + ci->nresults = nret; + ci->callstatus = mask; + ci->top.p = top; + return ci; +} + + +/* +** precall for C functions +*/ +l_sinline int precallC (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults, + lua_CFunction f) { + int n; /* number of returns */ + CallInfo *ci; + checkstackGCp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func); /* ensure minimum stack size */ + L->ci = ci = prepCallInfo(L, func, nresults, CIST_C, + L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK); + lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p); + if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)) { + int narg = cast_int(L->top.p - func) - 1; + luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1, 1, narg); + } + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*f)(L); /* do the actual call */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); + luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); + return n; +} + + +/* +** Prepare a function for a tail call, building its call info on top +** of the current call info. 'narg1' is the number of arguments plus 1 +** (so that it includes the function itself). Return the number of +** results, if it was a C function, or -1 for a Lua function. +*/ +int luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func, + int narg1, int delta) { + retry: + switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) { + case LUA_VCCL: /* C closure */ + return precallC(L, func, LUA_MULTRET, clCvalue(s2v(func))->f); + case LUA_VLCF: /* light C function */ + return precallC(L, func, LUA_MULTRET, fvalue(s2v(func))); + case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua function */ + Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p; + int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */ + int nfixparams = p->numparams; + int i; + checkstackGCp(L, fsize - delta, func); + ci->func.p -= delta; /* restore 'func' (if vararg) */ + for (i = 0; i < narg1; i++) /* move down function and arguments */ + setobjs2s(L, ci->func.p + i, func + i); + func = ci->func.p; /* moved-down function */ + for (; narg1 <= nfixparams; narg1++) + setnilvalue(s2v(func + narg1)); /* complete missing arguments */ + ci->top.p = func + 1 + fsize; /* top for new function */ + lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p); + ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ + ci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL; + L->top.p = func + narg1; /* set top */ + return -1; + } + default: { /* not a function */ + func = luaD_tryfuncTM(L, func); /* try to get '__call' metamethod */ + /* return luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, func, narg1 + 1, delta); */ + narg1++; + goto retry; /* try again */ + } + } +} + + +/* +** Prepares the call to a function (C or Lua). For C functions, also do +** the call. The function to be called is at '*func'. The arguments +** are on the stack, right after the function. Returns the CallInfo +** to be executed, if it was a Lua function. Otherwise (a C function) +** returns NULL, with all the results on the stack, starting at the +** original function position. +*/ +CallInfo *luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) { + retry: + switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) { + case LUA_VCCL: /* C closure */ + precallC(L, func, nresults, clCvalue(s2v(func))->f); + return NULL; + case LUA_VLCF: /* light C function */ + precallC(L, func, nresults, fvalue(s2v(func))); + return NULL; + case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua function */ + CallInfo *ci; + Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p; + int narg = cast_int(L->top.p - func) - 1; /* number of real arguments */ + int nfixparams = p->numparams; + int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */ + checkstackGCp(L, fsize, func); + L->ci = ci = prepCallInfo(L, func, nresults, 0, func + 1 + fsize); + ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */ + for (; narg < nfixparams; narg++) + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* complete missing arguments */ + lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p); + return ci; + } + default: { /* not a function */ + func = luaD_tryfuncTM(L, func); /* try to get '__call' metamethod */ + /* return luaD_precall(L, func, nresults); */ + goto retry; /* try again with metamethod */ + } + } +} + + +/* +** Call a function (C or Lua) through C. 'inc' can be 1 (increment +** number of recursive invocations in the C stack) or nyci (the same +** plus increment number of non-yieldable calls). +** This function can be called with some use of EXTRA_STACK, so it should +** check the stack before doing anything else. 'luaD_precall' already +** does that. +*/ +l_sinline void ccall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults, l_uint32 inc) { + CallInfo *ci; + L->nCcalls += inc; + if (l_unlikely(getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)) { + checkstackp(L, 0, func); /* free any use of EXTRA_STACK */ + luaE_checkcstack(L); + } + if ((ci = luaD_precall(L, func, nResults)) != NULL) { /* Lua function? */ + ci->callstatus = CIST_FRESH; /* mark that it is a "fresh" execute */ + luaV_execute(L, ci); /* call it */ + } + L->nCcalls -= inc; +} + + +/* +** External interface for 'ccall' +*/ +void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) { + ccall(L, func, nResults, 1); +} + + +/* +** Similar to 'luaD_call', but does not allow yields during the call. +*/ +void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) { + ccall(L, func, nResults, nyci); +} + + +/* +** Finish the job of 'lua_pcallk' after it was interrupted by an yield. +** (The caller, 'finishCcall', does the final call to 'adjustresults'.) +** The main job is to complete the 'luaD_pcall' called by 'lua_pcallk'. +** If a '__close' method yields here, eventually control will be back +** to 'finishCcall' (when that '__close' method finally returns) and +** 'finishpcallk' will run again and close any still pending '__close' +** methods. Similarly, if a '__close' method errs, 'precover' calls +** 'unroll' which calls ''finishCcall' and we are back here again, to +** close any pending '__close' methods. +** Note that, up to the call to 'luaF_close', the corresponding +** 'CallInfo' is not modified, so that this repeated run works like the +** first one (except that it has at least one less '__close' to do). In +** particular, field CIST_RECST preserves the error status across these +** multiple runs, changing only if there is a new error. +*/ +static int finishpcallk (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { + int status = getcistrecst(ci); /* get original status */ + if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) /* no error? */ + status = LUA_YIELD; /* was interrupted by an yield */ + else { /* error */ + StkId func = restorestack(L, ci->u2.funcidx); + L->allowhook = getoah(ci->callstatus); /* restore 'allowhook' */ + func = luaF_close(L, func, status, 1); /* can yield or raise an error */ + luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, func); + luaD_shrinkstack(L); /* restore stack size in case of overflow */ + setcistrecst(ci, LUA_OK); /* clear original status */ + } + ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL; + L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc; + /* if it is here, there were errors or yields; unlike 'lua_pcallk', + do not change status */ + return status; +} + + +/* +** Completes the execution of a C function interrupted by an yield. +** The interruption must have happened while the function was either +** closing its tbc variables in 'moveresults' or executing +** 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcallk'. In the first case, it just redoes +** 'luaD_poscall'. In the second case, the call to 'finishpcallk' +** finishes the interrupted execution of 'lua_pcallk'. After that, it +** calls the continuation of the interrupted function and finally it +** completes the job of the 'luaD_call' that called the function. In +** the call to 'adjustresults', we do not know the number of results +** of the function called by 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcallk', so we are +** conservative and use LUA_MULTRET (always adjust). +*/ +static void finishCcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { + int n; /* actual number of results from C function */ + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_CLSRET) { /* was returning? */ + lua_assert(hastocloseCfunc(ci->nresults)); + n = ci->u2.nres; /* just redo 'luaD_poscall' */ + /* don't need to reset CIST_CLSRET, as it will be set again anyway */ + } + else { + int status = LUA_YIELD; /* default if there were no errors */ + /* must have a continuation and must be able to call it */ + lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL && yieldable(L)); + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) /* was inside a 'lua_pcallk'? */ + status = finishpcallk(L, ci); /* finish it */ + adjustresults(L, LUA_MULTRET); /* finish 'lua_callk' */ + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); + } + luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */ +} + + +/* +** Executes "full continuation" (everything in the stack) of a +** previously interrupted coroutine until the stack is empty (or another +** interruption long-jumps out of the loop). +*/ +static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + CallInfo *ci; + UNUSED(ud); + while ((ci = L->ci) != &L->base_ci) { /* something in the stack */ + if (!isLua(ci)) /* C function? */ + finishCcall(L, ci); /* complete its execution */ + else { /* Lua function */ + luaV_finishOp(L); /* finish interrupted instruction */ + luaV_execute(L, ci); /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */ + } + } +} + + +/* +** Try to find a suspended protected call (a "recover point") for the +** given thread. +*/ +static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) { + CallInfo *ci; + for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { /* search for a pcall */ + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) + return ci; + } + return NULL; /* no pending pcall */ +} + + +/* +** Signal an error in the call to 'lua_resume', not in the execution +** of the coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any +** coroutine error handler and should not kill the coroutine.) +*/ +static int resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int narg) { + L->top.p -= narg; /* remove args from the stack */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_new(L, msg)); /* push error message */ + api_incr_top(L); + lua_unlock(L); + return LUA_ERRRUN; +} + + +/* +** Do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode. Most of the work +** depends on the status of the coroutine: initial state, suspended +** inside a hook, or regularly suspended (optionally with a continuation +** function), plus erroneous cases: non-suspended coroutine or dead +** coroutine. +*/ +static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + int n = *(cast(int*, ud)); /* number of arguments */ + StkId firstArg = L->top.p - n; /* first argument */ + CallInfo *ci = L->ci; + if (L->status == LUA_OK) /* starting a coroutine? */ + ccall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET, 0); /* just call its body */ + else { /* resuming from previous yield */ + lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD); + L->status = LUA_OK; /* mark that it is running (again) */ + if (isLua(ci)) { /* yielded inside a hook? */ + L->top.p = firstArg; /* discard arguments */ + luaV_execute(L, ci); /* just continue running Lua code */ + } + else { /* 'common' yield */ + if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) { /* does it have a continuation function? */ + lua_unlock(L); + n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, LUA_YIELD, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */ + lua_lock(L); + api_checknelems(L, n); + } + luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */ + } + unroll(L, NULL); /* run continuation */ + } +} + + +/* +** Unrolls a coroutine in protected mode while there are recoverable +** errors, that is, errors inside a protected call. (Any error +** interrupts 'unroll', and this loop protects it again so it can +** continue.) Stops with a normal end (status == LUA_OK), an yield +** (status == LUA_YIELD), or an unprotected error ('findpcall' doesn't +** find a recover point). +*/ +static int precover (lua_State *L, int status) { + CallInfo *ci; + while (errorstatus(status) && (ci = findpcall(L)) != NULL) { + L->ci = ci; /* go down to recovery functions */ + setcistrecst(ci, status); /* status to finish 'pcall' */ + status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, NULL); + } + return status; +} + + +LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs, + int *nresults) { + int status; + lua_lock(L); + if (L->status == LUA_OK) { /* may be starting a coroutine */ + if (L->ci != &L->base_ci) /* not in base level? */ + return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", nargs); + else if (L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1) == nargs) /* no function? */ + return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs); + } + else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD) /* ended with errors? */ + return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs); + L->nCcalls = (from) ? getCcalls(from) : 0; + if (getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS) + return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", nargs); + L->nCcalls++; + luai_userstateresume(L, nargs); + api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs); + status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs); + /* continue running after recoverable errors */ + status = precover(L, status); + if (l_likely(!errorstatus(status))) + lua_assert(status == L->status); /* normal end or yield */ + else { /* unrecoverable error */ + L->status = cast_byte(status); /* mark thread as 'dead' */ + luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->top.p); /* push error message */ + L->ci->top.p = L->top.p; + } + *nresults = (status == LUA_YIELD) ? L->ci->u2.nyield + : cast_int(L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1)); + lua_unlock(L); + return status; +} + + +LUA_API int lua_isyieldable (lua_State *L) { + return yieldable(L); +} + + +LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx, + lua_KFunction k) { + CallInfo *ci; + luai_userstateyield(L, nresults); + lua_lock(L); + ci = L->ci; + api_checknelems(L, nresults); + if (l_unlikely(!yieldable(L))) { + if (L != G(L)->mainthread) + luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across a C-call boundary"); + else + luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield from outside a coroutine"); + } + L->status = LUA_YIELD; + ci->u2.nyield = nresults; /* save number of results */ + if (isLua(ci)) { /* inside a hook? */ + lua_assert(!isLuacode(ci)); + api_check(L, nresults == 0, "hooks cannot yield values"); + api_check(L, k == NULL, "hooks cannot continue after yielding"); + } + else { + if ((ci->u.c.k = k) != NULL) /* is there a continuation? */ + ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */ + luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD); + } + lua_assert(ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED); /* must be inside a hook */ + lua_unlock(L); + return 0; /* return to 'luaD_hook' */ +} + + +/* +** Auxiliary structure to call 'luaF_close' in protected mode. +*/ +struct CloseP { + StkId level; + int status; +}; + + +/* +** Auxiliary function to call 'luaF_close' in protected mode. +*/ +static void closepaux (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + struct CloseP *pcl = cast(struct CloseP *, ud); + luaF_close(L, pcl->level, pcl->status, 0); +} + + +/* +** Calls 'luaF_close' in protected mode. Return the original status +** or, in case of errors, the new status. +*/ +int luaD_closeprotected (lua_State *L, ptrdiff_t level, int status) { + CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci; + lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook; + for (;;) { /* keep closing upvalues until no more errors */ + struct CloseP pcl; + pcl.level = restorestack(L, level); pcl.status = status; + status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, &closepaux, &pcl); + if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) /* no more errors? */ + return pcl.status; + else { /* an error occurred; restore saved state and repeat */ + L->ci = old_ci; + L->allowhook = old_allowhooks; + } + } +} + + +/* +** Call the C function 'func' in protected mode, restoring basic +** thread information ('allowhook', etc.) and in particular +** its stack level in case of errors. +*/ +int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, + ptrdiff_t old_top, ptrdiff_t ef) { + int status; + CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci; + lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook; + ptrdiff_t old_errfunc = L->errfunc; + L->errfunc = ef; + status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, func, u); + if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* an error occurred? */ + L->ci = old_ci; + L->allowhook = old_allowhooks; + status = luaD_closeprotected(L, old_top, status); + luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, restorestack(L, old_top)); + luaD_shrinkstack(L); /* restore stack size in case of overflow */ + } + L->errfunc = old_errfunc; + return status; +} + + + +/* +** Execute a protected parser. +*/ +struct SParser { /* data to 'f_parser' */ + ZIO *z; + Mbuffer buff; /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */ + Dyndata dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */ + const char *mode; + const char *name; +}; + + +static void checkmode (lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x) { + if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL) { + luaO_pushfstring(L, + "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is '%s')", x, mode); + luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX); + } +} + + +static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) { + LClosure *cl; + struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud); + int c = zgetc(p->z); /* read first character */ + if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) { + checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary"); + cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, p->name); + } + else { + checkmode(L, p->mode, "text"); + cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c); + } + lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues); + luaF_initupvals(L, cl); +} + + +int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name, + const char *mode) { + struct SParser p; + int status; + incnny(L); /* cannot yield during parsing */ + p.z = z; p.name = name; p.mode = mode; + p.dyd.actvar.arr = NULL; p.dyd.actvar.size = 0; + p.dyd.gt.arr = NULL; p.dyd.gt.size = 0; + p.dyd.label.arr = NULL; p.dyd.label.size = 0; + luaZ_initbuffer(L, &p.buff); + status = luaD_pcall(L, f_parser, &p, savestack(L, L->top.p), L->errfunc); + luaZ_freebuffer(L, &p.buff); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.actvar.arr, p.dyd.actvar.size); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.gt.arr, p.dyd.gt.size); + luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.label.arr, p.dyd.label.size); + decnny(L); + return status; +} + + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.h similarity index 71% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.h index 7760f85..1aa446a 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldo.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldo.h @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ #define ldo_h +#include "llimits.h" #include "lobject.h" #include "lstate.h" #include "lzio.h" @@ -17,11 +18,13 @@ ** Macro to check stack size and grow stack if needed. Parameters ** 'pre'/'pos' allow the macro to preserve a pointer into the ** stack across reallocations, doing the work only when needed. +** It also allows the running of one GC step when the stack is +** reallocated. ** 'condmovestack' is used in heavy tests to force a stack reallocation ** at every check. */ #define luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,pre,pos) \ - if (L->stack_last - L->top <= (n)) \ + if (l_unlikely(L->stack_last.p - L->top.p <= (n))) \ { pre; luaD_growstack(L, n, 1); pos; } \ else { condmovestack(L,pre,pos); } @@ -30,12 +33,19 @@ -#define savestack(L,p) ((char *)(p) - (char *)L->stack) -#define restorestack(L,n) ((StkId)((char *)L->stack + (n))) +#define savestack(L,pt) (cast_charp(pt) - cast_charp(L->stack.p)) +#define restorestack(L,n) cast(StkId, cast_charp(L->stack.p) + (n)) /* macro to check stack size, preserving 'p' */ #define checkstackp(L,n,p) \ + luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \ + ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p), /* save 'p' */ \ + p = restorestack(L, t__)) /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */ + + +/* macro to check stack size and GC, preserving 'p' */ +#define checkstackGCp(L,n,p) \ luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \ ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p); /* save 'p' */ \ luaC_checkGC(L), /* stack grow uses memory */ \ @@ -44,7 +54,7 @@ /* macro to check stack size and GC */ #define checkstackGC(L,fsize) \ - luaD_checkstackaux(L, (fsize), (void)0, luaC_checkGC(L)) + luaD_checkstackaux(L, (fsize), luaC_checkGC(L), (void)0) /* type of protected functions, to be ran by 'runprotected' */ @@ -56,10 +66,13 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name, LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line, int fTransfer, int nTransfer); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func, int n); +LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func, + int narg1, int delta); +LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults); -LUAI_FUNC void luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func); +LUAI_FUNC StkId luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func); +LUAI_FUNC int luaD_closeprotected (lua_State *L, ptrdiff_t level, int status); LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u, ptrdiff_t oldtop, ptrdiff_t ef); LUAI_FUNC void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldump.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldump.c similarity index 96% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldump.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldump.c index f848b66..f231691 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ldump.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ldump.c @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ #include "lprefix.h" +#include #include #include "lua.h" @@ -55,8 +56,11 @@ static void dumpByte (DumpState *D, int y) { } -/* dumpInt Buff Size */ -#define DIBS ((sizeof(size_t) * 8 / 7) + 1) +/* +** 'dumpSize' buffer size: each byte can store up to 7 bits. (The "+6" +** rounds up the division.) +*/ +#define DIBS ((sizeof(size_t) * CHAR_BIT + 6) / 7) static void dumpSize (DumpState *D, size_t x) { lu_byte buff[DIBS]; diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0945f24 --- /dev/null +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.c @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ +/* +** $Id: lfunc.c $ +** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures +** See Copyright Notice in lua.h +*/ + +#define lfunc_c +#define LUA_CORE + +#include "lprefix.h" + + +#include + +#include "lua.h" + +#include "ldebug.h" +#include "ldo.h" +#include "lfunc.h" +#include "lgc.h" +#include "lmem.h" +#include "lobject.h" +#include "lstate.h" + + + +CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) { + GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VCCL, sizeCclosure(nupvals)); + CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o); + c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals); + return c; +} + + +LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) { + GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VLCL, sizeLclosure(nupvals)); + LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o); + c->p = NULL; + c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals); + while (nupvals--) c->upvals[nupvals] = NULL; + return c; +} + + +/* +** fill a closure with new closed upvalues +*/ +void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) { + int i; + for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) { + GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal)); + UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o); + uv->v.p = &uv->u.value; /* make it closed */ + setnilvalue(uv->v.p); + cl->upvals[i] = uv; + luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, uv); + } +} + + +/* +** Create a new upvalue at the given level, and link it to the list of +** open upvalues of 'L' after entry 'prev'. +**/ +static UpVal *newupval (lua_State *L, StkId level, UpVal **prev) { + GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal)); + UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o); + UpVal *next = *prev; + uv->v.p = s2v(level); /* current value lives in the stack */ + uv->u.open.next = next; /* link it to list of open upvalues */ + uv->u.open.previous = prev; + if (next) + next->u.open.previous = &uv->u.open.next; + *prev = uv; + if (!isintwups(L)) { /* thread not in list of threads with upvalues? */ + L->twups = G(L)->twups; /* link it to the list */ + G(L)->twups = L; + } + return uv; +} + + +/* +** Find and reuse, or create if it does not exist, an upvalue +** at the given level. +*/ +UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { + UpVal **pp = &L->openupval; + UpVal *p; + lua_assert(isintwups(L) || L->openupval == NULL); + while ((p = *pp) != NULL && uplevel(p) >= level) { /* search for it */ + lua_assert(!isdead(G(L), p)); + if (uplevel(p) == level) /* corresponding upvalue? */ + return p; /* return it */ + pp = &p->u.open.next; + } + /* not found: create a new upvalue after 'pp' */ + return newupval(L, level, pp); +} + + +/* +** Call closing method for object 'obj' with error message 'err'. The +** boolean 'yy' controls whether the call is yieldable. +** (This function assumes EXTRA_STACK.) +*/ +static void callclosemethod (lua_State *L, TValue *obj, TValue *err, int yy) { + StkId top = L->top.p; + const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, obj, TM_CLOSE); + setobj2s(L, top, tm); /* will call metamethod... */ + setobj2s(L, top + 1, obj); /* with 'self' as the 1st argument */ + setobj2s(L, top + 2, err); /* and error msg. as 2nd argument */ + L->top.p = top + 3; /* add function and arguments */ + if (yy) + luaD_call(L, top, 0); + else + luaD_callnoyield(L, top, 0); +} + + +/* +** Check whether object at given level has a close metamethod and raise +** an error if not. +*/ +static void checkclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level) { + const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(level), TM_CLOSE); + if (ttisnil(tm)) { /* no metamethod? */ + int idx = cast_int(level - L->ci->func.p); /* variable index */ + const char *vname = luaG_findlocal(L, L->ci, idx, NULL); + if (vname == NULL) vname = "?"; + luaG_runerror(L, "variable '%s' got a non-closable value", vname); + } +} + + +/* +** Prepare and call a closing method. +** If status is CLOSEKTOP, the call to the closing method will be pushed +** at the top of the stack. Otherwise, values can be pushed right after +** the 'level' of the upvalue being closed, as everything after that +** won't be used again. +*/ +static void prepcallclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) { + TValue *uv = s2v(level); /* value being closed */ + TValue *errobj; + if (status == CLOSEKTOP) + errobj = &G(L)->nilvalue; /* error object is nil */ + else { /* 'luaD_seterrorobj' will set top to level + 2 */ + errobj = s2v(level + 1); /* error object goes after 'uv' */ + luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, level + 1); /* set error object */ + } + callclosemethod(L, uv, errobj, yy); +} + + +/* +** Maximum value for deltas in 'tbclist', dependent on the type +** of delta. (This macro assumes that an 'L' is in scope where it +** is used.) +*/ +#define MAXDELTA \ + ((256ul << ((sizeof(L->stack.p->tbclist.delta) - 1) * 8)) - 1) + + +/* +** Insert a variable in the list of to-be-closed variables. +*/ +void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { + lua_assert(level > L->tbclist.p); + if (l_isfalse(s2v(level))) + return; /* false doesn't need to be closed */ + checkclosemth(L, level); /* value must have a close method */ + while (cast_uint(level - L->tbclist.p) > MAXDELTA) { + L->tbclist.p += MAXDELTA; /* create a dummy node at maximum delta */ + L->tbclist.p->tbclist.delta = 0; + } + level->tbclist.delta = cast(unsigned short, level - L->tbclist.p); + L->tbclist.p = level; +} + + +void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv) { + lua_assert(upisopen(uv)); + *uv->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.next; + if (uv->u.open.next) + uv->u.open.next->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.previous; +} + + +/* +** Close all upvalues up to the given stack level. +*/ +void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) { + UpVal *uv; + StkId upl; /* stack index pointed by 'uv' */ + while ((uv = L->openupval) != NULL && (upl = uplevel(uv)) >= level) { + TValue *slot = &uv->u.value; /* new position for value */ + lua_assert(uplevel(uv) < L->top.p); + luaF_unlinkupval(uv); /* remove upvalue from 'openupval' list */ + setobj(L, slot, uv->v.p); /* move value to upvalue slot */ + uv->v.p = slot; /* now current value lives here */ + if (!iswhite(uv)) { /* neither white nor dead? */ + nw2black(uv); /* closed upvalues cannot be gray */ + luaC_barrier(L, uv, slot); + } + } +} + + +/* +** Remove first element from the tbclist plus its dummy nodes. +*/ +static void poptbclist (lua_State *L) { + StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p; + lua_assert(tbc->tbclist.delta > 0); /* first element cannot be dummy */ + tbc -= tbc->tbclist.delta; + while (tbc > L->stack.p && tbc->tbclist.delta == 0) + tbc -= MAXDELTA; /* remove dummy nodes */ + L->tbclist.p = tbc; +} + + +/* +** Close all upvalues and to-be-closed variables up to the given stack +** level. Return restored 'level'. +*/ +StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) { + ptrdiff_t levelrel = savestack(L, level); + luaF_closeupval(L, level); /* first, close the upvalues */ + while (L->tbclist.p >= level) { /* traverse tbc's down to that level */ + StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p; /* get variable index */ + poptbclist(L); /* remove it from list */ + prepcallclosemth(L, tbc, status, yy); /* close variable */ + level = restorestack(L, levelrel); + } + return level; +} + + +Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) { + GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VPROTO, sizeof(Proto)); + Proto *f = gco2p(o); + f->k = NULL; + f->sizek = 0; + f->p = NULL; + f->sizep = 0; + f->code = NULL; + f->sizecode = 0; + f->lineinfo = NULL; + f->sizelineinfo = 0; + f->abslineinfo = NULL; + f->sizeabslineinfo = 0; + f->upvalues = NULL; + f->sizeupvalues = 0; + f->numparams = 0; + f->is_vararg = 0; + f->maxstacksize = 0; + f->locvars = NULL; + f->sizelocvars = 0; + f->linedefined = 0; + f->lastlinedefined = 0; + f->source = NULL; + return f; +} + + +void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) { + luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode); + luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep); + luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek); + luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo); + luaM_freearray(L, f->abslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo); + luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars); + luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues); + luaM_free(L, f); +} + + +/* +** Look for n-th local variable at line 'line' in function 'func'. +** Returns NULL if not found. +*/ +const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *f, int local_number, int pc) { + int i; + for (i = 0; isizelocvars && f->locvars[i].startpc <= pc; i++) { + if (pc < f->locvars[i].endpc) { /* is variable active? */ + local_number--; + if (local_number == 0) + return getstr(f->locvars[i].varname); + } + } + return NULL; /* not found */ +} + diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.h similarity index 77% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.h index 8d6f965..3be265e 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lfunc.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lfunc.h @@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ #define MAXUPVAL 255 -#define upisopen(up) ((up)->v != &(up)->u.value) +#define upisopen(up) ((up)->v.p != &(up)->u.value) -#define uplevel(up) check_exp(upisopen(up), cast(StkId, (up)->v)) +#define uplevel(up) check_exp(upisopen(up), cast(StkId, (up)->v.p)) /* @@ -42,15 +42,9 @@ #define MAXMISS 10 -/* -** Special "status" for 'luaF_close' -*/ - -/* close upvalues without running their closing methods */ -#define NOCLOSINGMETH (-1) -/* close upvalues running all closing methods in protected mode */ -#define CLOSEPROTECT (-2) +/* special status to close upvalues preserving the top of the stack */ +#define CLOSEKTOP (-1) LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L); @@ -59,7 +53,8 @@ LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl); LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level); -LUAI_FUNC int luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status); +LUAI_FUNC void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level); +LUAI_FUNC StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv); LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f); LUAI_FUNC const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *func, int local_number, diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.c similarity index 71% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.c index f26c921..a3094ff 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.c @@ -60,16 +60,24 @@ #define PAUSEADJ 100 -/* mask to erase all color bits (plus gen. related stuff) */ -#define maskcolors (~(bitmask(BLACKBIT) | WHITEBITS | AGEBITS)) +/* mask with all color bits */ +#define maskcolors (bitmask(BLACKBIT) | WHITEBITS) +/* mask with all GC bits */ +#define maskgcbits (maskcolors | AGEBITS) -/* macro to erase all color bits then sets only the current white bit */ + +/* macro to erase all color bits then set only the current white bit */ #define makewhite(g,x) \ - (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & maskcolors) | luaC_white(g))) + (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & ~maskcolors) | luaC_white(g))) + +/* make an object gray (neither white nor black) */ +#define set2gray(x) resetbits(x->marked, maskcolors) + -#define white2gray(x) resetbits(x->marked, WHITEBITS) -#define black2gray(x) resetbit(x->marked, BLACKBIT) +/* make an object black (coming from any color) */ +#define set2black(x) \ + (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & ~WHITEBITS) | bitmask(BLACKBIT))) #define valiswhite(x) (iscollectable(x) && iswhite(gcvalue(x))) @@ -77,16 +85,13 @@ #define keyiswhite(n) (keyiscollectable(n) && iswhite(gckey(n))) -#define checkconsistency(obj) \ - lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || righttt(obj)) - /* ** Protected access to objects in values */ #define gcvalueN(o) (iscollectable(o) ? gcvalue(o) : NULL) -#define markvalue(g,o) { checkconsistency(o); \ +#define markvalue(g,o) { checkliveness(g->mainthread,o); \ if (valiswhite(o)) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); } #define markkey(g, n) { if keyiswhite(n) reallymarkobject(g,gckey(n)); } @@ -135,31 +140,38 @@ static GCObject **getgclist (GCObject *o) { /* -** Link a collectable object 'o' with a known type into list pointed by 'p'. +** Link a collectable object 'o' with a known type into the list 'p'. +** (Must be a macro to access the 'gclist' field in different types.) */ -#define linkgclist(o,p) ((o)->gclist = (p), (p) = obj2gco(o)) +#define linkgclist(o,p) linkgclist_(obj2gco(o), &(o)->gclist, &(p)) + +static void linkgclist_ (GCObject *o, GCObject **pnext, GCObject **list) { + lua_assert(!isgray(o)); /* cannot be in a gray list */ + *pnext = *list; + *list = o; + set2gray(o); /* now it is */ +} /* -** Link a generic collectable object 'o' into list pointed by 'p'. +** Link a generic collectable object 'o' into the list 'p'. */ -#define linkobjgclist(o,p) (*getgclist(o) = (p), (p) = obj2gco(o)) +#define linkobjgclist(o,p) linkgclist_(obj2gco(o), getgclist(o), &(p)) /* -** Clear keys for empty entries in tables. If entry is empty -** and its key is not marked, mark its entry as dead. This allows the -** collection of the key, but keeps its entry in the table (its removal -** could break a chain). The main feature of a dead key is that it must -** be different from any other value, to do not disturb searches. -** Other places never manipulate dead keys, because its associated empty -** value is enough to signal that the entry is logically empty. +** Clear keys for empty entries in tables. If entry is empty, mark its +** entry as dead. This allows the collection of the key, but keeps its +** entry in the table: its removal could break a chain and could break +** a table traversal. Other places never manipulate dead keys, because +** its associated empty value is enough to signal that the entry is +** logically empty. */ static void clearkey (Node *n) { lua_assert(isempty(gval(n))); - if (keyiswhite(n)) - setdeadkey(n); /* unused and unmarked key; remove it */ + if (keyiscollectable(n)) + setdeadkey(n); /* unused key; remove it */ } @@ -181,14 +193,17 @@ static int iscleared (global_State *g, const GCObject *o) { /* -** barrier that moves collector forward, that is, mark the white object -** 'v' being pointed by the black object 'o'. (If in sweep phase, clear -** the black object to white [sweep it] to avoid other barrier calls for -** this same object.) In the generational mode, 'v' must also become -** old, if 'o' is old; however, it cannot be changed directly to OLD, -** because it may still point to non-old objects. So, it is marked as -** OLD0. In the next cycle it will become OLD1, and in the next it -** will finally become OLD (regular old). +** Barrier that moves collector forward, that is, marks the white object +** 'v' being pointed by the black object 'o'. In the generational +** mode, 'v' must also become old, if 'o' is old; however, it cannot +** be changed directly to OLD, because it may still point to non-old +** objects. So, it is marked as OLD0. In the next cycle it will become +** OLD1, and in the next it will finally become OLD (regular old). By +** then, any object it points to will also be old. If called in the +** incremental sweep phase, it clears the black object to white (sweep +** it) to avoid other barrier calls for this same object. (That cannot +** be done is generational mode, as its sweep does not distinguish +** whites from deads.) */ void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) { global_State *g = G(L); @@ -202,7 +217,8 @@ void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) { } else { /* sweep phase */ lua_assert(issweepphase(g)); - makewhite(g, o); /* mark main obj. as white to avoid other barriers */ + if (g->gckind == KGC_INC) /* incremental mode? */ + makewhite(g, o); /* mark 'o' as white to avoid other barriers */ } } @@ -214,18 +230,20 @@ void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) { void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { global_State *g = G(L); lua_assert(isblack(o) && !isdead(g, o)); - lua_assert(g->gckind != KGC_GEN || (isold(o) && getage(o) != G_TOUCHED1)); - if (getage(o) != G_TOUCHED2) /* not already in gray list? */ - linkobjgclist(o, g->grayagain); /* link it in 'grayagain' */ - black2gray(o); /* make object gray (again) */ - setage(o, G_TOUCHED1); /* touched in current cycle */ + lua_assert((g->gckind == KGC_GEN) == (isold(o) && getage(o) != G_TOUCHED1)); + if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED2) /* already in gray list? */ + set2gray(o); /* make it gray to become touched1 */ + else /* link it in 'grayagain' and paint it gray */ + linkobjgclist(o, g->grayagain); + if (isold(o)) /* generational mode? */ + setage(o, G_TOUCHED1); /* touched in current cycle */ } void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { global_State *g = G(L); lua_assert(g->allgc == o); /* object must be 1st in 'allgc' list! */ - white2gray(o); /* they will be gray forever */ + set2gray(o); /* they will be gray forever */ setage(o, G_OLD); /* and old forever */ g->allgc = o->next; /* remove object from 'allgc' list */ o->next = g->fixedgc; /* link it to 'fixedgc' list */ @@ -234,12 +252,13 @@ void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { /* -** create a new collectable object (with given type and size) and link -** it to 'allgc' list. +** create a new collectable object (with given type, size, and offset) +** and link it to 'allgc' list. */ -GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) { +GCObject *luaC_newobjdt (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, size_t offset) { global_State *g = G(L); - GCObject *o = cast(GCObject *, luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz)); + char *p = cast_charp(luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz)); + GCObject *o = cast(GCObject *, p + offset); o->marked = luaC_white(g); o->tt = tt; o->next = g->allgc; @@ -247,6 +266,11 @@ GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) { return o; } + +GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) { + return luaC_newobjdt(L, tt, sz, 0); +} + /* }====================================================== */ @@ -259,39 +283,45 @@ GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) { /* -** Mark an object. Userdata, strings, and closed upvalues are visited -** and turned black here. Other objects are marked gray and added -** to appropriate list to be visited (and turned black) later. (Open -** upvalues are already linked in 'headuv' list. They are kept gray -** to avoid barriers, as their values will be revisited by the thread.) +** Mark an object. Userdata with no user values, strings, and closed +** upvalues are visited and turned black here. Open upvalues are +** already indirectly linked through their respective threads in the +** 'twups' list, so they don't go to the gray list; nevertheless, they +** are kept gray to avoid barriers, as their values will be revisited +** by the thread or by 'remarkupvals'. Other objects are added to the +** gray list to be visited (and turned black) later. Both userdata and +** upvalues can call this function recursively, but this recursion goes +** for at most two levels: An upvalue cannot refer to another upvalue +** (only closures can), and a userdata's metatable must be a table. */ static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) { - white2gray(o); switch (o->tt) { case LUA_VSHRSTR: case LUA_VLNGSTR: { - gray2black(o); + set2black(o); /* nothing to visit */ break; } case LUA_VUPVAL: { UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o); - if (!upisopen(uv)) /* open upvalues are kept gray */ - gray2black(o); - markvalue(g, uv->v); /* mark its content */ + if (upisopen(uv)) + set2gray(uv); /* open upvalues are kept gray */ + else + set2black(uv); /* closed upvalues are visited here */ + markvalue(g, uv->v.p); /* mark its content */ break; } case LUA_VUSERDATA: { Udata *u = gco2u(o); if (u->nuvalue == 0) { /* no user values? */ markobjectN(g, u->metatable); /* mark its metatable */ - gray2black(o); /* nothing else to mark */ + set2black(u); /* nothing else to mark */ break; } /* else... */ } /* FALLTHROUGH */ case LUA_VLCL: case LUA_VCCL: case LUA_VTABLE: case LUA_VTHREAD: case LUA_VPROTO: { - linkobjgclist(o, g->gray); + linkobjgclist(o, g->gray); /* to be visited later */ break; } default: lua_assert(0); break; @@ -324,28 +354,36 @@ static lu_mem markbeingfnz (global_State *g) { /* -** Mark all values stored in marked open upvalues from non-marked threads. -** (Values from marked threads were already marked when traversing the -** thread.) Remove from the list threads that no longer have upvalues and -** not-marked threads. +** For each non-marked thread, simulates a barrier between each open +** upvalue and its value. (If the thread is collected, the value will be +** assigned to the upvalue, but then it can be too late for the barrier +** to act. The "barrier" does not need to check colors: A non-marked +** thread must be young; upvalues cannot be older than their threads; so +** any visited upvalue must be young too.) Also removes the thread from +** the list, as it was already visited. Removes also threads with no +** upvalues, as they have nothing to be checked. (If the thread gets an +** upvalue later, it will be linked in the list again.) */ static int remarkupvals (global_State *g) { lua_State *thread; lua_State **p = &g->twups; - int work = 0; + int work = 0; /* estimate of how much work was done here */ while ((thread = *p) != NULL) { work++; - lua_assert(!isblack(thread)); /* threads are never black */ - if (isgray(thread) && thread->openupval != NULL) + if (!iswhite(thread) && thread->openupval != NULL) p = &thread->twups; /* keep marked thread with upvalues in the list */ else { /* thread is not marked or without upvalues */ UpVal *uv; + lua_assert(!isold(thread) || thread->openupval == NULL); *p = thread->twups; /* remove thread from the list */ thread->twups = thread; /* mark that it is out of list */ for (uv = thread->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next) { + lua_assert(getage(uv) <= getage(thread)); work++; - if (!iswhite(uv)) /* upvalue already visited? */ - markvalue(g, uv->v); /* mark its value */ + if (!iswhite(uv)) { /* upvalue already visited? */ + lua_assert(upisopen(uv) && isgray(uv)); + markvalue(g, uv->v.p); /* mark its value */ + } } } } @@ -353,12 +391,17 @@ static int remarkupvals (global_State *g) { } +static void cleargraylists (global_State *g) { + g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL; + g->weak = g->allweak = g->ephemeron = NULL; +} + + /* ** mark root set and reset all gray lists, to start a new collection */ static void restartcollection (global_State *g) { - g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL; - g->weak = g->allweak = g->ephemeron = NULL; + cleargraylists(g); markobject(g, g->mainthread); markvalue(g, &g->l_registry); markmt(g); @@ -374,6 +417,26 @@ static void restartcollection (global_State *g) { ** ======================================================= */ + +/* +** Check whether object 'o' should be kept in the 'grayagain' list for +** post-processing by 'correctgraylist'. (It could put all old objects +** in the list and leave all the work to 'correctgraylist', but it is +** more efficient to avoid adding elements that will be removed.) Only +** TOUCHED1 objects need to be in the list. TOUCHED2 doesn't need to go +** back to a gray list, but then it must become OLD. (That is what +** 'correctgraylist' does when it finds a TOUCHED2 object.) +*/ +static void genlink (global_State *g, GCObject *o) { + lua_assert(isblack(o)); + if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED1) { /* touched in this cycle? */ + linkobjgclist(o, g->grayagain); /* link it back in 'grayagain' */ + } /* everything else do not need to be linked back */ + else if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED2) + changeage(o, G_TOUCHED2, G_OLD); /* advance age */ +} + + /* ** Traverse a table with weak values and link it to proper list. During ** propagate phase, keep it in 'grayagain' list, to be revisited in the @@ -410,8 +473,9 @@ static void traverseweakvalue (global_State *g, Table *h) { ** the atomic phase, if table has any white->white entry, it has to ** be revisited during ephemeron convergence (as that key may turn ** black). Otherwise, if it has any white key, table has to be cleared -** (in the atomic phase). In generational mode, it (like all visited -** tables) must be kept in some gray list for post-processing. +** (in the atomic phase). In generational mode, some tables +** must be kept in some gray list for post-processing; this is done +** by 'genlink'. */ static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h, int inv) { int marked = 0; /* true if an object is marked in this traversal */ @@ -450,10 +514,8 @@ static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h, int inv) { linkgclist(h, g->ephemeron); /* have to propagate again */ else if (hasclears) /* table has white keys? */ linkgclist(h, g->allweak); /* may have to clean white keys */ - else if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) - linkgclist(h, g->grayagain); /* keep it in some list */ else - gray2black(h); + genlink(g, obj2gco(h)); /* check whether collector still needs to see it */ return marked; } @@ -473,10 +535,7 @@ static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) { markvalue(g, gval(n)); } } - if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) { - linkgclist(h, g->grayagain); /* keep it in some gray list */ - black2gray(h); - } + genlink(g, obj2gco(h)); } @@ -488,7 +547,6 @@ static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) { (cast_void(weakkey = strchr(svalue(mode), 'k')), cast_void(weakvalue = strchr(svalue(mode), 'v')), (weakkey || weakvalue))) { /* is really weak? */ - black2gray(h); /* keep table gray */ if (!weakkey) /* strong keys? */ traverseweakvalue(g, h); else if (!weakvalue) /* strong values? */ @@ -507,10 +565,7 @@ static int traverseudata (global_State *g, Udata *u) { markobjectN(g, u->metatable); /* mark its metatable */ for (i = 0; i < u->nuvalue; i++) markvalue(g, &u->uv[i].uv); - if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) { - linkgclist(u, g->grayagain); /* keep it in some gray list */ - black2gray(u); - } + genlink(g, obj2gco(u)); return 1 + u->nuvalue; } @@ -559,24 +614,32 @@ static int traverseLclosure (global_State *g, LClosure *cl) { /* ** Traverse a thread, marking the elements in the stack up to its top -** and cleaning the rest of the stack in the final traversal. -** That ensures that the entire stack have valid (non-dead) objects. +** and cleaning the rest of the stack in the final traversal. That +** ensures that the entire stack have valid (non-dead) objects. +** Threads have no barriers. In gen. mode, old threads must be visited +** at every cycle, because they might point to young objects. In inc. +** mode, the thread can still be modified before the end of the cycle, +** and therefore it must be visited again in the atomic phase. To ensure +** these visits, threads must return to a gray list if they are not new +** (which can only happen in generational mode) or if the traverse is in +** the propagate phase (which can only happen in incremental mode). */ static int traversethread (global_State *g, lua_State *th) { UpVal *uv; - StkId o = th->stack; + StkId o = th->stack.p; + if (isold(th) || g->gcstate == GCSpropagate) + linkgclist(th, g->grayagain); /* insert into 'grayagain' list */ if (o == NULL) return 1; /* stack not completely built yet */ lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSatomic || th->openupval == NULL || isintwups(th)); - for (; o < th->top; o++) /* mark live elements in the stack */ + for (; o < th->top.p; o++) /* mark live elements in the stack */ markvalue(g, s2v(o)); for (uv = th->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next) markobject(g, uv); /* open upvalues cannot be collected */ if (g->gcstate == GCSatomic) { /* final traversal? */ - StkId lim = th->stack + th->stacksize; /* real end of stack */ - for (; o < lim; o++) /* clear not-marked stack slice */ - setnilvalue(s2v(o)); + for (; o < th->stack_last.p + EXTRA_STACK; o++) + setnilvalue(s2v(o)); /* clear dead stack slice */ /* 'remarkupvals' may have removed thread from 'twups' list */ if (!isintwups(th) && th->openupval != NULL) { th->twups = g->twups; /* link it back to the list */ @@ -585,17 +648,16 @@ static int traversethread (global_State *g, lua_State *th) { } else if (!g->gcemergency) luaD_shrinkstack(th); /* do not change stack in emergency cycle */ - return 1 + th->stacksize; + return 1 + stacksize(th); } /* -** traverse one gray object, turning it to black (except for threads, -** which are always gray). +** traverse one gray object, turning it to black. */ static lu_mem propagatemark (global_State *g) { GCObject *o = g->gray; - gray2black(o); + nw2black(o); g->gray = *getgclist(o); /* remove from 'gray' list */ switch (o->tt) { case LUA_VTABLE: return traversetable(g, gco2t(o)); @@ -603,12 +665,7 @@ static lu_mem propagatemark (global_State *g) { case LUA_VLCL: return traverseLclosure(g, gco2lcl(o)); case LUA_VCCL: return traverseCclosure(g, gco2ccl(o)); case LUA_VPROTO: return traverseproto(g, gco2p(o)); - case LUA_VTHREAD: { - lua_State *th = gco2th(o); - linkgclist(th, g->grayagain); /* insert into 'grayagain' list */ - black2gray(o); - return traversethread(g, th); - } + case LUA_VTHREAD: return traversethread(g, gco2th(o)); default: lua_assert(0); return 0; } } @@ -638,8 +695,10 @@ static void convergeephemerons (global_State *g) { g->ephemeron = NULL; /* tables may return to this list when traversed */ changed = 0; while ((w = next) != NULL) { /* for each ephemeron table */ - next = gco2t(w)->gclist; /* list is rebuilt during loop */ - if (traverseephemeron(g, gco2t(w), dir)) { /* marked some value? */ + Table *h = gco2t(w); + next = h->gclist; /* list is rebuilt during loop */ + nw2black(h); /* out of the list (for now) */ + if (traverseephemeron(g, h, dir)) { /* marked some value? */ propagateall(g); /* propagate changes */ changed = 1; /* will have to revisit all ephemeron tables */ } @@ -716,12 +775,16 @@ static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { case LUA_VUPVAL: freeupval(L, gco2upv(o)); break; - case LUA_VLCL: - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeLclosure(gco2lcl(o)->nupvalues)); + case LUA_VLCL: { + LClosure *cl = gco2lcl(o); + luaM_freemem(L, cl, sizeLclosure(cl->nupvalues)); break; - case LUA_VCCL: - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeCclosure(gco2ccl(o)->nupvalues)); + } + case LUA_VCCL: { + CClosure *cl = gco2ccl(o); + luaM_freemem(L, cl, sizeCclosure(cl->nupvalues)); break; + } case LUA_VTABLE: luaH_free(L, gco2t(o)); break; @@ -733,13 +796,17 @@ static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) { luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(u->nuvalue, u->len)); break; } - case LUA_VSHRSTR: - luaS_remove(L, gco2ts(o)); /* remove it from hash table */ - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->shrlen)); + case LUA_VSHRSTR: { + TString *ts = gco2ts(o); + luaS_remove(L, ts); /* remove it from hash table */ + luaM_freemem(L, ts, sizelstring(ts->shrlen)); break; - case LUA_VLNGSTR: - luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->u.lnglen)); + } + case LUA_VLNGSTR: { + TString *ts = gco2ts(o); + luaM_freemem(L, ts, sizelstring(ts->u.lnglen)); break; + } default: lua_assert(0); } } @@ -766,7 +833,7 @@ static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int countin, freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */ } else { /* change mark to 'white' */ - curr->marked = cast_byte((marked & maskcolors) | white); + curr->marked = cast_byte((marked & ~maskgcbits) | white); p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */ } } @@ -823,13 +890,15 @@ static GCObject *udata2finalize (global_State *g) { resetbit(o->marked, FINALIZEDBIT); /* object is "normal" again */ if (issweepphase(g)) makewhite(g, o); /* "sweep" object */ + else if (getage(o) == G_OLD1) + g->firstold1 = o; /* it is the first OLD1 object in the list */ return o; } static void dothecall (lua_State *L, void *ud) { UNUSED(ud); - luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top - 2, 0); + luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top.p - 2, 0); } @@ -843,19 +912,19 @@ static void GCTM (lua_State *L) { if (!notm(tm)) { /* is there a finalizer? */ int status; lu_byte oldah = L->allowhook; - int running = g->gcrunning; + int oldgcstp = g->gcstp; + g->gcstp |= GCSTPGC; /* avoid GC steps */ L->allowhook = 0; /* stop debug hooks during GC metamethod */ - g->gcrunning = 0; /* avoid GC steps */ - setobj2s(L, L->top++, tm); /* push finalizer... */ - setobj2s(L, L->top++, &v); /* ... and its argument */ + setobj2s(L, L->top.p++, tm); /* push finalizer... */ + setobj2s(L, L->top.p++, &v); /* ... and its argument */ L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_FIN; /* will run a finalizer */ - status = luaD_pcall(L, dothecall, NULL, savestack(L, L->top - 2), 0); + status = luaD_pcall(L, dothecall, NULL, savestack(L, L->top.p - 2), 0); L->ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_FIN; /* not running a finalizer anymore */ L->allowhook = oldah; /* restore hooks */ - g->gcrunning = running; /* restore state */ - if (unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* error while running __gc? */ - luaE_warnerror(L, "__gc metamethod"); - L->top--; /* pops error object */ + g->gcstp = oldgcstp; /* restore state */ + if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* error while running __gc? */ + luaE_warnerror(L, "__gc"); + L->top.p--; /* pops error object */ } } } @@ -896,15 +965,15 @@ static GCObject **findlast (GCObject **p) { /* ** Move all unreachable objects (or 'all' objects) that need ** finalization from list 'finobj' to list 'tobefnz' (to be finalized). -** (Note that objects after 'finobjold' cannot be white, so they -** don't need to be traversed. In incremental mode, 'finobjold' is NULL, +** (Note that objects after 'finobjold1' cannot be white, so they +** don't need to be traversed. In incremental mode, 'finobjold1' is NULL, ** so the whole list is traversed.) */ static void separatetobefnz (global_State *g, int all) { GCObject *curr; GCObject **p = &g->finobj; GCObject **lastnext = findlast(&g->tobefnz); - while ((curr = *p) != g->finobjold) { /* traverse all finalizable objects */ + while ((curr = *p) != g->finobjold1) { /* traverse all finalizable objects */ lua_assert(tofinalize(curr)); if (!(iswhite(curr) || all)) /* not being collected? */ p = &curr->next; /* don't bother with it */ @@ -920,6 +989,27 @@ static void separatetobefnz (global_State *g, int all) { } +/* +** If pointer 'p' points to 'o', move it to the next element. +*/ +static void checkpointer (GCObject **p, GCObject *o) { + if (o == *p) + *p = o->next; +} + + +/* +** Correct pointers to objects inside 'allgc' list when +** object 'o' is being removed from the list. +*/ +static void correctpointers (global_State *g, GCObject *o) { + checkpointer(&g->survival, o); + checkpointer(&g->old1, o); + checkpointer(&g->reallyold, o); + checkpointer(&g->firstold1, o); +} + + /* ** if object 'o' has a finalizer, remove it from 'allgc' list (must ** search the list to find it) and link it in 'finobj' list. @@ -927,7 +1017,8 @@ static void separatetobefnz (global_State *g, int all) { void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) { global_State *g = G(L); if (tofinalize(o) || /* obj. is already marked... */ - gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL) /* or has no finalizer? */ + gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL || /* or has no finalizer... */ + (g->gcstp & GCSTPCLS)) /* or closing state? */ return; /* nothing to be done */ else { /* move 'o' to 'finobj' list */ GCObject **p; @@ -936,14 +1027,8 @@ void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) { if (g->sweepgc == &o->next) /* should not remove 'sweepgc' object */ g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc); /* change 'sweepgc' */ } - else { /* correct pointers into 'allgc' list, if needed */ - if (o == g->survival) - g->survival = o->next; - if (o == g->old) - g->old = o->next; - if (o == g->reallyold) - g->reallyold = o->next; - } + else + correctpointers(g, o); /* search for pointer pointing to 'o' */ for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &(*p)->next) { /* empty */ } *p = o->next; /* remove 'o' from 'allgc' list */ @@ -962,27 +1047,52 @@ void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) { ** ======================================================= */ -static void setpause (global_State *g); - -/* mask to erase all color bits, not changing gen-related stuff */ -#define maskgencolors (~(bitmask(BLACKBIT) | WHITEBITS)) +/* +** Set the "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle; cycle will +** start when memory use hits the threshold of ('estimate' * pause / +** PAUSEADJ). (Division by 'estimate' should be OK: it cannot be zero, +** because Lua cannot even start with less than PAUSEADJ bytes). +*/ +static void setpause (global_State *g) { + l_mem threshold, debt; + int pause = getgcparam(g->gcpause); + l_mem estimate = g->GCestimate / PAUSEADJ; /* adjust 'estimate' */ + lua_assert(estimate > 0); + threshold = (pause < MAX_LMEM / estimate) /* overflow? */ + ? estimate * pause /* no overflow */ + : MAX_LMEM; /* overflow; truncate to maximum */ + debt = gettotalbytes(g) - threshold; + if (debt > 0) debt = 0; + luaE_setdebt(g, debt); +} /* -** Sweep a list of objects, deleting dead ones and turning -** the non dead to old (without changing their colors). +** Sweep a list of objects to enter generational mode. Deletes dead +** objects and turns the non dead to old. All non-dead threads---which +** are now old---must be in a gray list. Everything else is not in a +** gray list. Open upvalues are also kept gray. */ static void sweep2old (lua_State *L, GCObject **p) { GCObject *curr; + global_State *g = G(L); while ((curr = *p) != NULL) { if (iswhite(curr)) { /* is 'curr' dead? */ - lua_assert(isdead(G(L), curr)); + lua_assert(isdead(g, curr)); *p = curr->next; /* remove 'curr' from list */ freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */ } else { /* all surviving objects become old */ setage(curr, G_OLD); + if (curr->tt == LUA_VTHREAD) { /* threads must be watched */ + lua_State *th = gco2th(curr); + linkgclist(th, g->grayagain); /* insert into 'grayagain' list */ + } + else if (curr->tt == LUA_VUPVAL && upisopen(gco2upv(curr))) + set2gray(curr); /* open upvalues are always gray */ + else /* everything else is black */ + nw2black(curr); p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */ } } @@ -995,9 +1105,13 @@ static void sweep2old (lua_State *L, GCObject **p) { ** during the sweep. So, any white object must be dead.) For ** non-dead objects, advance their ages and clear the color of ** new objects. (Old objects keep their colors.) +** The ages of G_TOUCHED1 and G_TOUCHED2 objects cannot be advanced +** here, because these old-generation objects are usually not swept +** here. They will all be advanced in 'correctgraylist'. That function +** will also remove objects turned white here from any gray list. */ static GCObject **sweepgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g, GCObject **p, - GCObject *limit) { + GCObject *limit, GCObject **pfirstold1) { static const lu_byte nextage[] = { G_SURVIVAL, /* from G_NEW */ G_OLD1, /* from G_SURVIVAL */ @@ -1016,9 +1130,15 @@ static GCObject **sweepgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g, GCObject **p, freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */ } else { /* correct mark and age */ - if (getage(curr) == G_NEW) - curr->marked = cast_byte((curr->marked & maskgencolors) | white); - setage(curr, nextage[getage(curr)]); + if (getage(curr) == G_NEW) { /* new objects go back to white */ + int marked = curr->marked & ~maskgcbits; /* erase GC bits */ + curr->marked = cast_byte(marked | G_SURVIVAL | white); + } + else { /* all other objects will be old, and so keep their color */ + setage(curr, nextage[getage(curr)]); + if (getage(curr) == G_OLD1 && *pfirstold1 == NULL) + *pfirstold1 = curr; /* first OLD1 object in the list */ + } p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */ } } @@ -1028,58 +1148,50 @@ static GCObject **sweepgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g, GCObject **p, /* ** Traverse a list making all its elements white and clearing their -** age. +** age. In incremental mode, all objects are 'new' all the time, +** except for fixed strings (which are always old). */ static void whitelist (global_State *g, GCObject *p) { int white = luaC_white(g); for (; p != NULL; p = p->next) - p->marked = cast_byte((p->marked & maskcolors) | white); + p->marked = cast_byte((p->marked & ~maskgcbits) | white); } /* -** Correct a list of gray objects. +** Correct a list of gray objects. Return pointer to where rest of the +** list should be linked. ** Because this correction is done after sweeping, young objects might ** be turned white and still be in the list. They are only removed. -** For tables and userdata, advance 'touched1' to 'touched2'; 'touched2' -** objects become regular old and are removed from the list. -** For threads, just remove white ones from the list. +** 'TOUCHED1' objects are advanced to 'TOUCHED2' and remain on the list; +** Non-white threads also remain on the list; 'TOUCHED2' objects become +** regular old; they and anything else are removed from the list. */ static GCObject **correctgraylist (GCObject **p) { GCObject *curr; while ((curr = *p) != NULL) { - switch (curr->tt) { - case LUA_VTABLE: case LUA_VUSERDATA: { - GCObject **next = getgclist(curr); - if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED1) { /* touched in this cycle? */ - lua_assert(isgray(curr)); - gray2black(curr); /* make it black, for next barrier */ - changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED1, G_TOUCHED2); - p = next; /* go to next element */ - } - else { /* not touched in this cycle */ - if (!iswhite(curr)) { /* not white? */ - lua_assert(isold(curr)); - if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED2) /* advance from G_TOUCHED2... */ - changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED2, G_OLD); /* ... to G_OLD */ - gray2black(curr); /* make it black */ - } - /* else, object is white: just remove it from this list */ - *p = *next; /* remove 'curr' from gray list */ - } - break; - } - case LUA_VTHREAD: { - lua_State *th = gco2th(curr); - lua_assert(!isblack(th)); - if (iswhite(th)) /* new object? */ - *p = th->gclist; /* remove from gray list */ - else /* old threads remain gray */ - p = &th->gclist; /* go to next element */ - break; - } - default: lua_assert(0); /* nothing more could be gray here */ + GCObject **next = getgclist(curr); + if (iswhite(curr)) + goto remove; /* remove all white objects */ + else if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED1) { /* touched in this cycle? */ + lua_assert(isgray(curr)); + nw2black(curr); /* make it black, for next barrier */ + changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED1, G_TOUCHED2); + goto remain; /* keep it in the list and go to next element */ } + else if (curr->tt == LUA_VTHREAD) { + lua_assert(isgray(curr)); + goto remain; /* keep non-white threads on the list */ + } + else { /* everything else is removed */ + lua_assert(isold(curr)); /* young objects should be white here */ + if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED2) /* advance from TOUCHED2... */ + changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED2, G_OLD); /* ... to OLD */ + nw2black(curr); /* make object black (to be removed) */ + goto remove; + } + remove: *p = *next; continue; + remain: p = next; continue; } return p; } @@ -1100,7 +1212,7 @@ static void correctgraylists (global_State *g) { /* -** Mark 'OLD1' objects when starting a new young collection. +** Mark black 'OLD1' objects when starting a new young collection. ** Gray objects are already in some gray list, and so will be visited ** in the atomic step. */ @@ -1109,10 +1221,9 @@ static void markold (global_State *g, GCObject *from, GCObject *to) { for (p = from; p != to; p = p->next) { if (getage(p) == G_OLD1) { lua_assert(!iswhite(p)); - if (isblack(p)) { - black2gray(p); /* should be '2white', but gray works too */ + changeage(p, G_OLD1, G_OLD); /* now they are old */ + if (isblack(p)) reallymarkobject(g, p); - } } } } @@ -1131,50 +1242,63 @@ static void finishgencycle (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { /* -** Does a young collection. First, mark 'OLD1' objects. (Only survival -** and "recent old" lists can contain 'OLD1' objects. New lists cannot -** contain 'OLD1' objects, at most 'OLD0' objects that were already -** visited when marked old.) Then does the atomic step. Then, -** sweep all lists and advance pointers. Finally, finish the collection. +** Does a young collection. First, mark 'OLD1' objects. Then does the +** atomic step. Then, sweep all lists and advance pointers. Finally, +** finish the collection. */ static void youngcollection (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { GCObject **psurvival; /* to point to first non-dead survival object */ + GCObject *dummy; /* dummy out parameter to 'sweepgen' */ lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate); - markold(g, g->survival, g->reallyold); + if (g->firstold1) { /* are there regular OLD1 objects? */ + markold(g, g->firstold1, g->reallyold); /* mark them */ + g->firstold1 = NULL; /* no more OLD1 objects (for now) */ + } markold(g, g->finobj, g->finobjrold); + markold(g, g->tobefnz, NULL); atomic(L); /* sweep nursery and get a pointer to its last live element */ - psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->allgc, g->survival); - /* sweep 'survival' and 'old' */ - sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->reallyold); - g->reallyold = g->old; - g->old = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */ + g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc; + psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->allgc, g->survival, &g->firstold1); + /* sweep 'survival' */ + sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->old1, &g->firstold1); + g->reallyold = g->old1; + g->old1 = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */ g->survival = g->allgc; /* all news are survivals */ /* repeat for 'finobj' lists */ - psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->finobj, g->finobjsur); - /* sweep 'survival' and 'old' */ - sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->finobjrold); - g->finobjrold = g->finobjold; - g->finobjold = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */ + dummy = NULL; /* no 'firstold1' optimization for 'finobj' lists */ + psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->finobj, g->finobjsur, &dummy); + /* sweep 'survival' */ + sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->finobjold1, &dummy); + g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1; + g->finobjold1 = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */ g->finobjsur = g->finobj; /* all news are survivals */ - sweepgen(L, g, &g->tobefnz, NULL); - + sweepgen(L, g, &g->tobefnz, NULL, &dummy); finishgencycle(L, g); } +/* +** Clears all gray lists, sweeps objects, and prepare sublists to enter +** generational mode. The sweeps remove dead objects and turn all +** surviving objects to old. Threads go back to 'grayagain'; everything +** else is turned black (not in any gray list). +*/ static void atomic2gen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { + cleargraylists(g); /* sweep all elements making them old */ + g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc; sweep2old(L, &g->allgc); /* everything alive now is old */ - g->reallyold = g->old = g->survival = g->allgc; + g->reallyold = g->old1 = g->survival = g->allgc; + g->firstold1 = NULL; /* there are no OLD1 objects anywhere */ /* repeat for 'finobj' lists */ sweep2old(L, &g->finobj); - g->finobjrold = g->finobjold = g->finobjsur = g->finobj; + g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjsur = g->finobj; sweep2old(L, &g->tobefnz); @@ -1185,10 +1309,20 @@ static void atomic2gen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { } +/* +** Set debt for the next minor collection, which will happen when +** memory grows 'genminormul'%. +*/ +static void setminordebt (global_State *g) { + luaE_setdebt(g, -(cast(l_mem, (gettotalbytes(g) / 100)) * g->genminormul)); +} + + /* ** Enter generational mode. Must go until the end of an atomic cycle -** to ensure that all threads and weak tables are in the gray lists. -** Then, turn all objects into old and finishes the collection. +** to ensure that all objects are correctly marked and weak tables +** are cleared. Then, turn all objects into old and finishes the +** collection. */ static lu_mem entergen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { lu_mem numobjs; @@ -1196,6 +1330,7 @@ static lu_mem entergen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate)); /* start new cycle */ numobjs = atomic(L); /* propagates all and then do the atomic stuff */ atomic2gen(L, g); + setminordebt(g); /* set debt assuming next cycle will be minor */ return numobjs; } @@ -1207,10 +1342,10 @@ static lu_mem entergen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { */ static void enterinc (global_State *g) { whitelist(g, g->allgc); - g->reallyold = g->old = g->survival = NULL; + g->reallyold = g->old1 = g->survival = NULL; whitelist(g, g->finobj); whitelist(g, g->tobefnz); - g->finobjrold = g->finobjold = g->finobjsur = NULL; + g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjsur = NULL; g->gcstate = GCSpause; g->gckind = KGC_INC; g->lastatomic = 0; @@ -1241,15 +1376,6 @@ static lu_mem fullgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { } -/* -** Set debt for the next minor collection, which will happen when -** memory grows 'genminormul'%. -*/ -static void setminordebt (global_State *g) { - luaE_setdebt(g, -(cast(l_mem, (gettotalbytes(g) / 100)) * g->genminormul)); -} - - /* ** Does a major collection after last collection was a "bad collection". ** @@ -1321,8 +1447,8 @@ static void genstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { lu_mem numobjs = fullgen(L, g); /* do a major collection */ if (gettotalbytes(g) < majorbase + (majorinc / 2)) { /* collected at least half of memory growth since last major - collection; keep doing minor collections */ - setminordebt(g); + collection; keep doing minor collections. */ + lua_assert(g->lastatomic == 0); } else { /* bad collection */ g->lastatomic = numobjs; /* signal that last collection was bad */ @@ -1348,26 +1474,6 @@ static void genstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { */ -/* -** Set the "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle; cycle will -** start when memory use hits the threshold of ('estimate' * pause / -** PAUSEADJ). (Division by 'estimate' should be OK: it cannot be zero, -** because Lua cannot even start with less than PAUSEADJ bytes). -*/ -static void setpause (global_State *g) { - l_mem threshold, debt; - int pause = getgcparam(g->gcpause); - l_mem estimate = g->GCestimate / PAUSEADJ; /* adjust 'estimate' */ - lua_assert(estimate > 0); - threshold = (pause < MAX_LMEM / estimate) /* overflow? */ - ? estimate * pause /* no overflow */ - : MAX_LMEM; /* overflow; truncate to maximum */ - debt = gettotalbytes(g) - threshold; - if (debt > 0) debt = 0; - luaE_setdebt(g, debt); -} - - /* ** Enter first sweep phase. ** The call to 'sweeptolive' makes the pointer point to an object @@ -1402,12 +1508,13 @@ static void deletelist (lua_State *L, GCObject *p, GCObject *limit) { */ void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); + g->gcstp = GCSTPCLS; /* no extra finalizers after here */ luaC_changemode(L, KGC_INC); separatetobefnz(g, 1); /* separate all objects with finalizers */ lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL); callallpendingfinalizers(L); deletelist(L, g->allgc, obj2gco(g->mainthread)); - deletelist(L, g->finobj, NULL); + lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL); /* no new finalizers */ deletelist(L, g->fixedgc, NULL); /* collect fixed objects */ lua_assert(g->strt.nuse == 0); } @@ -1475,52 +1582,64 @@ static int sweepstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g, static lu_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); + lu_mem work; + lua_assert(!g->gcstopem); /* collector is not reentrant */ + g->gcstopem = 1; /* no emergency collections while collecting */ switch (g->gcstate) { case GCSpause: { restartcollection(g); g->gcstate = GCSpropagate; - return 1; + work = 1; + break; } case GCSpropagate: { if (g->gray == NULL) { /* no more gray objects? */ g->gcstate = GCSenteratomic; /* finish propagate phase */ - return 0; + work = 0; } else - return propagatemark(g); /* traverse one gray object */ + work = propagatemark(g); /* traverse one gray object */ + break; } case GCSenteratomic: { - lu_mem work = atomic(L); /* work is what was traversed by 'atomic' */ + work = atomic(L); /* work is what was traversed by 'atomic' */ entersweep(L); g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); /* first estimate */; - return work; + break; } case GCSswpallgc: { /* sweep "regular" objects */ - return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpfinobj, &g->finobj); + work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpfinobj, &g->finobj); + break; } case GCSswpfinobj: { /* sweep objects with finalizers */ - return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswptobefnz, &g->tobefnz); + work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswptobefnz, &g->tobefnz); + break; } case GCSswptobefnz: { /* sweep objects to be finalized */ - return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpend, NULL); + work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpend, NULL); + break; } case GCSswpend: { /* finish sweeps */ checkSizes(L, g); g->gcstate = GCScallfin; - return 0; + work = 0; + break; } case GCScallfin: { /* call remaining finalizers */ if (g->tobefnz && !g->gcemergency) { - int n = runafewfinalizers(L, GCFINMAX); - return n * GCFINALIZECOST; + g->gcstopem = 0; /* ok collections during finalizers */ + work = runafewfinalizers(L, GCFINMAX) * GCFINALIZECOST; } else { /* emergency mode or no more finalizers */ g->gcstate = GCSpause; /* finish collection */ - return 0; + work = 0; } + break; } default: lua_assert(0); return 0; } + g->gcstopem = 0; + return work; } @@ -1535,6 +1654,7 @@ void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask) { } + /* ** Performs a basic incremental step. The debt and step size are ** converted from bytes to "units of work"; then the function loops @@ -1561,12 +1681,15 @@ static void incstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { } /* -** performs a basic GC step if collector is running +** Performs a basic GC step if collector is running. (If collector is +** not running, set a reasonable debt to avoid it being called at +** every single check.) */ void luaC_step (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); - lua_assert(!g->gcemergency); - if (g->gcrunning) { /* running? */ + if (!gcrunning(g)) /* not running? */ + luaE_setdebt(g, -2000); + else { if(isdecGCmodegen(g)) genstep(L, g); else diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.h similarity index 77% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.h index b972472..538f6ed 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lgc.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lgc.h @@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ #include "lstate.h" /* -** Collectable objects may have one of three colors: white, which -** means the object is not marked; gray, which means the -** object is marked, but its references may be not marked; and -** black, which means that the object and all its references are marked. -** The main invariant of the garbage collector, while marking objects, -** is that a black object can never point to a white one. Moreover, -** any gray object must be in a "gray list" (gray, grayagain, weak, -** allweak, ephemeron) so that it can be visited again before finishing -** the collection cycle. These lists have no meaning when the invariant -** is not being enforced (e.g., sweep phase). +** Collectable objects may have one of three colors: white, which means +** the object is not marked; gray, which means the object is marked, but +** its references may be not marked; and black, which means that the +** object and all its references are marked. The main invariant of the +** garbage collector, while marking objects, is that a black object can +** never point to a white one. Moreover, any gray object must be in a +** "gray list" (gray, grayagain, weak, allweak, ephemeron) so that it +** can be visited again before finishing the collection cycle. (Open +** upvalues are an exception to this rule.) These lists have no meaning +** when the invariant is not being enforced (e.g., sweep phase). */ @@ -69,14 +69,16 @@ /* ** Layout for bit use in 'marked' field. First three bits are -** used for object "age" in generational mode. Last bit is free -** to be used by respective objects. +** used for object "age" in generational mode. Last bit is used +** by tests. */ #define WHITE0BIT 3 /* object is white (type 0) */ #define WHITE1BIT 4 /* object is white (type 1) */ #define BLACKBIT 5 /* object is black */ #define FINALIZEDBIT 6 /* object has been marked for finalization */ +#define TESTBIT 7 + #define WHITEBITS bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT) @@ -94,7 +96,8 @@ #define isdead(g,v) isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->marked) #define changewhite(x) ((x)->marked ^= WHITEBITS) -#define gray2black(x) l_setbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT) +#define nw2black(x) \ + check_exp(!iswhite(x), l_setbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT)) #define luaC_white(g) cast_byte((g)->currentwhite & WHITEBITS) @@ -145,6 +148,16 @@ */ #define isdecGCmodegen(g) (g->gckind == KGC_GEN || g->lastatomic != 0) + +/* +** Control when GC is running: +*/ +#define GCSTPUSR 1 /* bit true when GC stopped by user */ +#define GCSTPGC 2 /* bit true when GC stopped by itself */ +#define GCSTPCLS 4 /* bit true when closing Lua state */ +#define gcrunning(g) ((g)->gcstp == 0) + + /* ** Does one step of collection when debt becomes positive. 'pre'/'pos' ** allows some adjustments to be done only when needed. macro @@ -159,24 +172,27 @@ #define luaC_checkGC(L) luaC_condGC(L,(void)0,(void)0) -#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) ( \ - (iscollectable(v) && isblack(p) && iswhite(gcvalue(v))) ? \ - luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0)) - -#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) ( \ - (iscollectable(v) && isblack(p) && iswhite(gcvalue(v))) ? \ - luaC_barrierback_(L,p) : cast_void(0)) - #define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o) ( \ (isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? \ luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)) : cast_void(0)) +#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) ( \ + iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrier(L,p,gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0)) + +#define luaC_objbarrierback(L,p,o) ( \ + (isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? luaC_barrierback_(L,p) : cast_void(0)) + +#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) ( \ + iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrierback(L, p, gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0)) + LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_step (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency); LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz); +LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobjdt (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, + size_t offset); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o); LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/linit.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/linit.c similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/linit.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/linit.c diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/liolib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/liolib.c similarity index 96% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/liolib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/liolib.c index 7ac3444..b08397d 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/liolib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/liolib.c @@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ static int l_checkmode (const char *mode) { #define l_popen(L,c,m) (_popen(c,m)) #define l_pclose(L,file) (_pclose(file)) +#if !defined(l_checkmodep) +/* Windows accepts "[rw][bt]?" as valid modes */ +#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && \ + (m[1] == '\0' || ((m[1] == 'b' || m[1] == 't') && m[2] == '\0'))) +#endif + #else /* }{ */ /* ISO C definitions */ @@ -77,6 +83,12 @@ static int l_checkmode (const char *mode) { #endif /* } */ + +#if !defined(l_checkmodep) +/* By default, Lua accepts only "r" or "w" as valid modes */ +#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && m[1] == '\0') +#endif + /* }====================================================== */ @@ -174,7 +186,7 @@ static int f_tostring (lua_State *L) { static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) { LStream *p = tolstream(L); - if (isclosed(p)) + if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p))) luaL_error(L, "attempt to use a closed file"); lua_assert(p->f); return p->f; @@ -249,7 +261,7 @@ static LStream *newfile (lua_State *L) { static void opencheck (lua_State *L, const char *fname, const char *mode) { LStream *p = newfile(L); p->f = fopen(fname, mode); - if (p->f == NULL) + if (l_unlikely(p->f == NULL)) luaL_error(L, "cannot open file '%s' (%s)", fname, strerror(errno)); } @@ -279,6 +291,7 @@ static int io_popen (lua_State *L) { const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r"); LStream *p = newprefile(L); + luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmodep(mode), 2, "invalid mode"); p->f = l_popen(L, filename, mode); p->closef = &io_pclose; return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1; @@ -296,7 +309,7 @@ static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) { LStream *p; lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex); p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1); - if (isclosed(p)) + if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p))) luaL_error(L, "default %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN); return p->f; } @@ -423,7 +436,7 @@ typedef struct { ** Add current char to buffer (if not out of space) and read next one */ static int nextc (RN *rn) { - if (rn->n >= L_MAXLENNUM) { /* buffer overflow? */ + if (l_unlikely(rn->n >= L_MAXLENNUM)) { /* buffer overflow? */ rn->buff[0] = '\0'; /* invalidate result */ return 0; /* fail */ } @@ -486,8 +499,8 @@ static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) { ungetc(rn.c, rn.f); /* unread look-ahead char */ l_unlockfile(rn.f); rn.buff[rn.n] = '\0'; /* finish string */ - if (lua_stringtonumber(L, rn.buff)) /* is this a valid number? */ - return 1; /* ok */ + if (l_likely(lua_stringtonumber(L, rn.buff))) + return 1; /* ok, it is a valid number */ else { /* invalid format */ lua_pushnil(L); /* "result" to be removed */ return 0; /* read fails */ @@ -663,7 +676,8 @@ static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) { status = status && (fwrite(s, sizeof(char), l, f) == l); } } - if (status) return 1; /* file handle already on stack top */ + if (l_likely(status)) + return 1; /* file handle already on stack top */ else return luaL_fileresult(L, status, NULL); } @@ -690,7 +704,7 @@ static int f_seek (lua_State *L) { luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Integer)offset == p3, 3, "not an integer in proper range"); op = l_fseek(f, offset, mode[op]); - if (op) + if (l_unlikely(op)) return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); /* error */ else { lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l_ftell(f)); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ljumptab.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ljumptab.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ljumptab.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ljumptab.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.c similarity index 89% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.c index 90a7951..5fc39a5 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.c @@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ void luaX_init (lua_State *L) { const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) { if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) { /* single-byte symbols? */ - lua_assert(token == cast_uchar(token)); if (lisprint(token)) return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%c'", token); else /* control character */ @@ -123,26 +122,29 @@ l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) { /* -** creates a new string and anchors it in scanner's table so that -** it will not be collected until the end of the compilation -** (by that time it should be anchored somewhere) +** Creates a new string and anchors it in scanner's table so that it +** will not be collected until the end of the compilation; by that time +** it should be anchored somewhere. It also internalizes long strings, +** ensuring there is only one copy of each unique string. The table +** here is used as a set: the string enters as the key, while its value +** is irrelevant. We use the string itself as the value only because it +** is a TValue readily available. Later, the code generation can change +** this value. */ TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) { lua_State *L = ls->L; - TValue *o; /* entry for 'str' */ TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l); /* create new string */ - setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, ts); /* temporarily anchor it in stack */ - o = luaH_set(L, ls->h, s2v(L->top - 1)); - if (isempty(o)) { /* not in use yet? */ - /* boolean value does not need GC barrier; - table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */ - setbtvalue(o); /* t[string] = true */ + const TValue *o = luaH_getstr(ls->h, ts); + if (!ttisnil(o)) /* string already present? */ + ts = keystrval(nodefromval(o)); /* get saved copy */ + else { /* not in use yet */ + TValue *stv = s2v(L->top.p++); /* reserve stack space for string */ + setsvalue(L, stv, ts); /* temporarily anchor the string */ + luaH_finishset(L, ls->h, stv, o, stv); /* t[string] = string */ + /* table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */ luaC_checkGC(L); + L->top.p--; /* remove string from stack */ } - else { /* string already present */ - ts = keystrval(nodefromval(o)); /* re-use value previously stored */ - } - L->top--; /* remove string from stack */ return ts; } @@ -255,9 +257,10 @@ static int read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { /* -** reads a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]', leaving the last bracket. -** If sequence is well formed, return its number of '='s + 2; otherwise, -** return 1 if there is no '='s or 0 otherwise (an unfinished '[==...'). +** read a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]', leaving the last bracket. If +** sequence is well formed, return its number of '='s + 2; otherwise, +** return 1 if it is a single bracket (no '='s and no 2nd bracket); +** otherwise (an unfinished '[==...') return 0. */ static size_t skip_sep (LexState *ls) { size_t count = 0; @@ -482,34 +485,34 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { } case '=': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_EQ; + if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_EQ; /* '==' */ else return '='; } case '<': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_LE; - else if (check_next1(ls, '<')) return TK_SHL; + if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_LE; /* '<=' */ + else if (check_next1(ls, '<')) return TK_SHL; /* '<<' */ else return '<'; } case '>': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_GE; - else if (check_next1(ls, '>')) return TK_SHR; + if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_GE; /* '>=' */ + else if (check_next1(ls, '>')) return TK_SHR; /* '>>' */ else return '>'; } case '/': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, '/')) return TK_IDIV; + if (check_next1(ls, '/')) return TK_IDIV; /* '//' */ else return '/'; } case '~': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_NE; + if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_NE; /* '~=' */ else return '~'; } case ':': { next(ls); - if (check_next1(ls, ':')) return TK_DBCOLON; + if (check_next1(ls, ':')) return TK_DBCOLON; /* '::' */ else return ':'; } case '"': case '\'': { /* short literal strings */ @@ -548,7 +551,7 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) { return TK_NAME; } } - else { /* single-char tokens (+ - / ...) */ + else { /* single-char tokens ('+', '*', '%', '{', '}', ...) */ int c = ls->current; next(ls); return c; diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.h similarity index 91% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.h index d1a4cba..389d2f8 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llex.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.h @@ -7,11 +7,17 @@ #ifndef llex_h #define llex_h +#include + #include "lobject.h" #include "lzio.h" -#define FIRST_RESERVED 257 +/* +** Single-char tokens (terminal symbols) are represented by their own +** numeric code. Other tokens start at the following value. +*/ +#define FIRST_RESERVED (UCHAR_MAX + 1) #if !defined(LUA_ENV) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llimits.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llimits.h similarity index 83% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llimits.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llimits.h index b86d345..1c826f7 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/llimits.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/llimits.h @@ -71,11 +71,24 @@ typedef signed char ls_byte; /* -** conversion of pointer to unsigned integer: -** this is for hashing only; there is no problem if the integer -** cannot hold the whole pointer value +** conversion of pointer to unsigned integer: this is for hashing only; +** there is no problem if the integer cannot hold the whole pointer +** value. (In strict ISO C this may cause undefined behavior, but no +** actual machine seems to bother.) */ -#define point2uint(p) ((unsigned int)((size_t)(p) & UINT_MAX)) +#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && \ + __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L +#include +#if defined(UINTPTR_MAX) /* even in C99 this type is optional */ +#define L_P2I uintptr_t +#else /* no 'intptr'? */ +#define L_P2I uintmax_t /* use the largest available integer */ +#endif +#else /* C89 option */ +#define L_P2I size_t +#endif + +#define point2uint(p) ((unsigned int)((L_P2I)(p) & UINT_MAX)) @@ -84,7 +97,15 @@ typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber; typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt; -/* internal assertions for in-house debugging */ +/* +** Internal assertions for in-house debugging +*/ +#if defined LUAI_ASSERT +#undef NDEBUG +#include +#define lua_assert(c) assert(c) +#endif + #if defined(lua_assert) #define check_exp(c,e) (lua_assert(c), (e)) /* to avoid problems with conditions too long */ @@ -142,35 +163,33 @@ typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt; /* -** macros to improve jump prediction (used mainly for error handling) +** non-return type */ -#if !defined(likely) +#if !defined(l_noret) #if defined(__GNUC__) -#define likely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 1)) -#define unlikely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 0)) +#define l_noret void __attribute__((noreturn)) +#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1200 +#define l_noret void __declspec(noreturn) #else -#define likely(x) (x) -#define unlikely(x) (x) +#define l_noret void #endif #endif /* -** non-return type +** Inline functions */ -#if !defined(l_noret) - -#if defined(__GNUC__) -#define l_noret void __attribute__((noreturn)) -#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1200 -#define l_noret void __declspec(noreturn) +#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) +#define l_inline inline +#elif defined(__GNUC__) +#define l_inline __inline__ #else -#define l_noret void +#define l_inline /* empty */ #endif -#endif +#define l_sinline static l_inline /* @@ -226,6 +245,17 @@ typedef l_uint32 Instruction; #endif +/* +** Maximum depth for nested C calls, syntactical nested non-terminals, +** and other features implemented through recursion in C. (Value must +** fit in a 16-bit unsigned integer. It must also be compatible with +** the size of the C stack.) +*/ +#if !defined(LUAI_MAXCCALLS) +#define LUAI_MAXCCALLS 200 +#endif + + /* ** macros that are executed whenever program enters the Lua core ** ('lua_lock') and leaves the core ('lua_unlock') @@ -307,7 +337,8 @@ typedef l_uint32 Instruction; /* exponentiation */ #if !defined(luai_numpow) -#define luai_numpow(L,a,b) ((void)L, l_mathop(pow)(a,b)) +#define luai_numpow(L,a,b) \ + ((void)L, (b == 2) ? (a)*(a) : l_mathop(pow)(a,b)) #endif /* the others are quite standard operations */ @@ -336,14 +367,14 @@ typedef l_uint32 Instruction; #else /* realloc stack keeping its size */ #define condmovestack(L,pre,pos) \ - { int sz_ = (L)->stacksize; pre; luaD_reallocstack((L), sz_, 0); pos; } + { int sz_ = stacksize(L); pre; luaD_reallocstack((L), sz_, 0); pos; } #endif #if !defined(HARDMEMTESTS) #define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) ((void)0) #else #define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) \ - { if (G(L)->gcrunning) { pre; luaC_fullgc(L, 0); pos; } } + { if (gcrunning(G(L))) { pre; luaC_fullgc(L, 0); pos; } } #endif #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmathlib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmathlib.c similarity index 97% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmathlib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmathlib.c index 86def47..d0b1e1e 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmathlib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmathlib.c @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static int math_atan (lua_State *L) { static int math_toint (lua_State *L) { int valid; lua_Integer n = lua_tointegerx(L, 1, &valid); - if (valid) + if (l_likely(valid)) lua_pushinteger(L, n); else { luaL_checkany(L, 1); @@ -175,7 +175,8 @@ static int math_log (lua_State *L) { lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2); #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) if (base == l_mathop(2.0)) - res = l_mathop(log2)(x); else + res = l_mathop(log2)(x); + else #endif if (base == l_mathop(10.0)) res = l_mathop(log10)(x); @@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ static int math_type (lua_State *L) { /* try to find an integer type with at least 64 bits */ -#if (ULONG_MAX >> 31 >> 31) >= 3 +#if ((ULONG_MAX >> 31) >> 31) >= 3 /* 'long' has at least 64 bits */ #define Rand64 unsigned long @@ -276,9 +277,9 @@ static int math_type (lua_State *L) { /* there is a 'long long' type (which must have at least 64 bits) */ #define Rand64 unsigned long long -#elif (LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31 >> 31) >= 3 +#elif ((LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >> 31) >= 3 -/* 'lua_Integer' has at least 64 bits */ +/* 'lua_Unsigned' has at least 64 bits */ #define Rand64 lua_Unsigned #endif @@ -474,7 +475,7 @@ static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) { /* 2^(-FIGS) = 1.0 / 2^30 / 2^3 / 2^(FIGS-33) */ #define scaleFIG \ - ((lua_Number)1.0 / (UONE << 30) / 8.0 / (UONE << (FIGS - 33))) + (l_mathop(1.0) / (UONE << 30) / l_mathop(8.0) / (UONE << (FIGS - 33))) /* ** use FIGS - 32 bits from lower half, throwing out the other @@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) { /* ** higher 32 bits go after those (FIGS - 32) bits: shiftHI = 2^(FIGS - 32) */ -#define shiftHI ((lua_Number)(UONE << (FIGS - 33)) * 2.0) +#define shiftHI ((lua_Number)(UONE << (FIGS - 33)) * l_mathop(2.0)) static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) { @@ -499,12 +500,12 @@ static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) { /* convert a 'Rand64' to a 'lua_Unsigned' */ static lua_Unsigned I2UInt (Rand64 x) { - return ((lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.h) << 31 << 1) | (lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.l); + return (((lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.h) << 31) << 1) | (lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.l); } /* convert a 'lua_Unsigned' to a 'Rand64' */ static Rand64 Int2I (lua_Unsigned n) { - return packI((lu_int32)(n >> 31 >> 1), (lu_int32)n); + return packI((lu_int32)((n >> 31) >> 1), (lu_int32)n); } #endif /* } */ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmem.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmem.c similarity index 75% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmem.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmem.c index 65bfa52..9800a86 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmem.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmem.c @@ -22,25 +22,6 @@ #include "lstate.h" -#if defined(HARDMEMTESTS) -/* -** First allocation will fail whenever not building initial state -** and not shrinking a block. (This fail will trigger 'tryagain' and -** a full GC cycle at every allocation.) -*/ -static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) { - if (ttisnil(&g->nilvalue) && ns > os) - return NULL; /* fail */ - else /* normal allocation */ - return (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, os, ns); -} -#else -#define firsttry(g,block,os,ns) ((*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, os, ns)) -#endif - - - - /* ** About the realloc function: @@ -60,6 +41,43 @@ static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) { */ +/* +** Macro to call the allocation function. +*/ +#define callfrealloc(g,block,os,ns) ((*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, os, ns)) + + +/* +** When an allocation fails, it will try again after an emergency +** collection, except when it cannot run a collection. The GC should +** not be called while the state is not fully built, as the collector +** is not yet fully initialized. Also, it should not be called when +** 'gcstopem' is true, because then the interpreter is in the middle of +** a collection step. +*/ +#define cantryagain(g) (completestate(g) && !g->gcstopem) + + + + +#if defined(EMERGENCYGCTESTS) +/* +** First allocation will fail except when freeing a block (frees never +** fail) and when it cannot try again; this fail will trigger 'tryagain' +** and a full GC cycle at every allocation. +*/ +static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) { + if (ns > 0 && cantryagain(g)) + return NULL; /* fail */ + else /* normal allocation */ + return callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns); +} +#else +#define firsttry(g,block,os,ns) callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns) +#endif + + + /* @@ -83,7 +101,7 @@ void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int nelems, int *psize, if (nelems + 1 <= size) /* does one extra element still fit? */ return block; /* nothing to be done */ if (size >= limit / 2) { /* cannot double it? */ - if (unlikely(size >= limit)) /* cannot grow even a little? */ + if (l_unlikely(size >= limit)) /* cannot grow even a little? */ luaG_runerror(L, "too many %s (limit is %d)", what, limit); size = limit; /* still have at least one free place */ } @@ -132,41 +150,36 @@ l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) { void luaM_free_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize) { global_State *g = G(L); lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL)); - (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, 0); + callfrealloc(g, block, osize, 0); g->GCdebt -= osize; } /* -** In case of allocation fail, this function will call the GC to try -** to free some memory and then try the allocation again. -** (It should not be called when shrinking a block, because then the -** interpreter may be in the middle of a collection step.) +** In case of allocation fail, this function will do an emergency +** collection to free some memory and then try the allocation again. */ static void *tryagain (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { global_State *g = G(L); - if (ttisnil(&g->nilvalue)) { /* is state fully build? */ + if (cantryagain(g)) { luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some memory... */ - return (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize); /* try again */ + return callfrealloc(g, block, osize, nsize); /* try again */ } - else return NULL; /* cannot free any memory without a full state */ + else return NULL; /* cannot run an emergency collection */ } /* ** Generic allocation routine. -** If allocation fails while shrinking a block, do not try again; the -** GC shrinks some blocks and it is not reentrant. */ void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { void *newblock; global_State *g = G(L); lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL)); newblock = firsttry(g, block, osize, nsize); - if (unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) { - if (nsize > osize) /* not shrinking a block? */ - newblock = tryagain(L, block, osize, nsize); + if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) { + newblock = tryagain(L, block, osize, nsize); if (newblock == NULL) /* still no memory? */ return NULL; /* do not update 'GCdebt' */ } @@ -179,7 +192,7 @@ void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { void *luaM_saferealloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) { void *newblock = luaM_realloc_(L, block, osize, nsize); - if (unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) /* allocation failed? */ + if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) /* allocation failed? */ luaM_error(L); return newblock; } @@ -191,7 +204,7 @@ void *luaM_malloc_ (lua_State *L, size_t size, int tag) { else { global_State *g = G(L); void *newblock = firsttry(g, NULL, tag, size); - if (unlikely(newblock == NULL)) { + if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL)) { newblock = tryagain(L, NULL, tag, size); if (newblock == NULL) luaM_error(L); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmem.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmem.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lmem.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lmem.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loadlib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loadlib.c similarity index 97% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loadlib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loadlib.c index c0ec9a1..d792dff 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loadlib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loadlib.c @@ -132,14 +132,16 @@ static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) { static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) { void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW | (seeglb ? RTLD_GLOBAL : RTLD_LOCAL)); - if (lib == NULL) lua_pushstring(L, dlerror()); + if (l_unlikely(lib == NULL)) + lua_pushstring(L, dlerror()); return lib; } static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) { lua_CFunction f = cast_func(dlsym(lib, sym)); - if (f == NULL) lua_pushstring(L, dlerror()); + if (l_unlikely(f == NULL)) + lua_pushstring(L, dlerror()); return f; } @@ -410,7 +412,7 @@ static int ll_loadlib (lua_State *L) { const char *path = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); const char *init = luaL_checkstring(L, 2); int stat = lookforfunc(L, path, init); - if (stat == 0) /* no errors? */ + if (l_likely(stat == 0)) /* no errors? */ return 1; /* return the loaded function */ else { /* error; error message is on stack top */ luaL_pushfail(L); @@ -523,14 +525,14 @@ static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name, const char *path; lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), pname); path = lua_tostring(L, -1); - if (path == NULL) + if (l_unlikely(path == NULL)) luaL_error(L, "'package.%s' must be a string", pname); return searchpath(L, name, path, ".", dirsep); } static int checkload (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *filename) { - if (stat) { /* module loaded successfully? */ + if (l_likely(stat)) { /* module loaded successfully? */ lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */ return 2; /* return open function and file name */ } @@ -623,13 +625,14 @@ static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) { int i; luaL_Buffer msg; /* to build error message */ /* push 'package.searchers' to index 3 in the stack */ - if (lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers") != LUA_TTABLE) + if (l_unlikely(lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers") + != LUA_TTABLE)) luaL_error(L, "'package.searchers' must be a table"); luaL_buffinit(L, &msg); /* iterate over available searchers to find a loader */ for (i = 1; ; i++) { luaL_addstring(&msg, "\n\t"); /* error-message prefix */ - if (lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL) { /* no more searchers? */ + if (l_unlikely(lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL)) { /* no more searchers? */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil */ luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2); /* remove prefix */ luaL_pushresult(&msg); /* create error message */ @@ -705,8 +708,13 @@ static const luaL_Reg ll_funcs[] = { static void createsearcherstable (lua_State *L) { - static const lua_CFunction searchers[] = - {searcher_preload, searcher_Lua, searcher_C, searcher_Croot, NULL}; + static const lua_CFunction searchers[] = { + searcher_preload, + searcher_Lua, + searcher_C, + searcher_Croot, + NULL + }; int i; /* create 'searchers' table */ lua_createtable(L, sizeof(searchers)/sizeof(searchers[0]) - 1, 0); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.c similarity index 86% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.c index b4efae4..f73ffc6 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.c @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ static lua_Integer intarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Integer v1, case LUA_OPBOR: return intop(|, v1, v2); case LUA_OPBXOR: return intop(^, v1, v2); case LUA_OPSHL: return luaV_shiftl(v1, v2); - case LUA_OPSHR: return luaV_shiftl(v1, -v2); + case LUA_OPSHR: return luaV_shiftr(v1, v2); case LUA_OPUNM: return intop(-, 0, v1); case LUA_OPBNOT: return intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), v1); default: lua_assert(0); return 0; @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static int isneg (const char **s) { */ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { int dot = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); - lua_Number r = 0.0; /* result (accumulator) */ + lua_Number r = l_mathop(0.0); /* result (accumulator) */ int sigdig = 0; /* number of significant digits */ int nosigdig = 0; /* number of non-significant digits */ int e = 0; /* exponent correction */ @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */ neg = isneg(&s); /* check sign */ if (!(*s == '0' && (*(s + 1) == 'x' || *(s + 1) == 'X'))) /* check '0x' */ - return 0.0; /* invalid format (no '0x') */ + return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format (no '0x') */ for (s += 2; ; s++) { /* skip '0x' and read numeral */ if (*s == dot) { if (hasdot) break; /* second dot? stop loop */ @@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { if (sigdig == 0 && *s == '0') /* non-significant digit (zero)? */ nosigdig++; else if (++sigdig <= MAXSIGDIG) /* can read it without overflow? */ - r = (r * cast_num(16.0)) + luaO_hexavalue(*s); + r = (r * l_mathop(16.0)) + luaO_hexavalue(*s); else e++; /* too many digits; ignore, but still count for exponent */ if (hasdot) e--; /* decimal digit? correct exponent */ } else break; /* neither a dot nor a digit */ } if (nosigdig + sigdig == 0) /* no digits? */ - return 0.0; /* invalid format */ + return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format */ *endptr = cast_charp(s); /* valid up to here */ e *= 4; /* each digit multiplies/divides value by 2^4 */ if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') { /* exponent part? */ @@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { s++; /* skip 'p' */ neg1 = isneg(&s); /* sign */ if (!lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) - return 0.0; /* invalid; must have at least one digit */ + return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid; must have at least one digit */ while (lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) /* read exponent */ exp1 = exp1 * 10 + *(s++) - '0'; if (neg1) exp1 = -exp1; @@ -215,37 +215,42 @@ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) { /* }====================================================== */ -/* maximum length of a numeral */ +/* maximum length of a numeral to be converted to a number */ #if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM) #define L_MAXLENNUM 200 #endif +/* +** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result'). Return NULL on +** fail or the address of the ending '\0' on success. ('mode' == 'x') +** means a hexadecimal numeral. +*/ static const char *l_str2dloc (const char *s, lua_Number *result, int mode) { char *endptr; *result = (mode == 'x') ? lua_strx2number(s, &endptr) /* try to convert */ : lua_str2number(s, &endptr); if (endptr == s) return NULL; /* nothing recognized? */ while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++; /* skip trailing spaces */ - return (*endptr == '\0') ? endptr : NULL; /* OK if no trailing characters */ + return (*endptr == '\0') ? endptr : NULL; /* OK iff no trailing chars */ } /* -** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result'). Return NULL -** on fail or the address of the ending '\0' on success. -** 'pmode' points to (and 'mode' contains) special things in the string: -** - 'x'/'X' means a hexadecimal numeral -** - 'n'/'N' means 'inf' or 'nan' (which should be rejected) -** - '.' just optimizes the search for the common case (nothing special) +** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result') handling the +** current locale. ** This function accepts both the current locale or a dot as the radix ** mark. If the conversion fails, it may mean number has a dot but ** locale accepts something else. In that case, the code copies 's' ** to a buffer (because 's' is read-only), changes the dot to the ** current locale radix mark, and tries to convert again. +** The variable 'mode' checks for special characters in the string: +** - 'n' means 'inf' or 'nan' (which should be rejected) +** - 'x' means a hexadecimal numeral +** - '.' just optimizes the search for the common case (no special chars) */ static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) { const char *endptr; - const char *pmode = strpbrk(s, ".xXnN"); + const char *pmode = strpbrk(s, ".xXnN"); /* look for special chars */ int mode = pmode ? ltolower(cast_uchar(*pmode)) : 0; if (mode == 'n') /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */ return NULL; @@ -253,7 +258,7 @@ static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) { if (endptr == NULL) { /* failed? may be a different locale */ char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1]; const char *pdot = strchr(s, '.'); - if (strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM || pdot == NULL) + if (pdot == NULL || strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM) return NULL; /* string too long or no dot; fail */ strcpy(buff, s); /* copy string to buffer */ buff[pdot - s] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* correct decimal point */ @@ -333,8 +338,15 @@ int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x) { } -/* maximum length of the conversion of a number to a string */ -#define MAXNUMBER2STR 50 +/* +** Maximum length of the conversion of a number to a string. Must be +** enough to accommodate both LUA_INTEGER_FMT and LUA_NUMBER_FMT. +** (For a long long int, this is 19 digits plus a sign and a final '\0', +** adding to 21. For a long double, it can go to a sign, 33 digits, +** the dot, an exponent letter, an exponent sign, 5 exponent digits, +** and a final '\0', adding to 43.) +*/ +#define MAXNUMBER2STR 44 /* @@ -374,31 +386,39 @@ void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, TValue *obj) { ** =================================================================== */ -/* size for buffer space used by 'luaO_pushvfstring' */ -#define BUFVFS 400 +/* +** Size for buffer space used by 'luaO_pushvfstring'. It should be +** (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR) + a minimal space for basic messages, +** so that 'luaG_addinfo' can work directly on the buffer. +*/ +#define BUFVFS (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR + 95) /* buffer used by 'luaO_pushvfstring' */ typedef struct BuffFS { lua_State *L; - int pushed; /* number of string pieces already on the stack */ + int pushed; /* true if there is a part of the result on the stack */ int blen; /* length of partial string in 'space' */ char space[BUFVFS]; /* holds last part of the result */ } BuffFS; /* -** Push given string to the stack, as part of the buffer. If the stack -** is almost full, join all partial strings in the stack into one. +** Push given string to the stack, as part of the result, and +** join it to previous partial result if there is one. +** It may call 'luaV_concat' while using one slot from EXTRA_STACK. +** This call cannot invoke metamethods, as both operands must be +** strings. It can, however, raise an error if the result is too +** long. In that case, 'luaV_concat' frees the extra slot before +** raising the error. */ -static void pushstr (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t l) { +static void pushstr (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t lstr) { lua_State *L = buff->L; - setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, str, l)); - L->top++; /* may use one extra slot */ - buff->pushed++; - if (buff->pushed > 1 && L->top + 1 >= L->stack_last) { - luaV_concat(L, buff->pushed); /* join all partial results into one */ - buff->pushed = 1; - } + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_newlstr(L, str, lstr)); + L->top.p++; /* may use one slot from EXTRA_STACK */ + if (!buff->pushed) /* no previous string on the stack? */ + buff->pushed = 1; /* now there is one */ + else /* join previous string with new one */ + luaV_concat(L, 2); } @@ -444,7 +464,7 @@ static void addstr2buff (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t slen) { /* -** Add a number to the buffer. +** Add a numeral to the buffer. */ static void addnum2buff (BuffFS *buff, TValue *num) { char *numbuff = getbuff(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR); @@ -521,9 +541,8 @@ const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) { } addstr2buff(&buff, fmt, strlen(fmt)); /* rest of 'fmt' */ clearbuff(&buff); /* empty buffer into the stack */ - if (buff.pushed > 1) - luaV_concat(L, buff.pushed); /* join all partial results */ - return svalue(s2v(L->top - 1)); + lua_assert(buff.pushed == 1); + return svalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.h similarity index 92% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.h index 04a81d3..556608e 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lobject.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.h @@ -21,10 +21,12 @@ */ #define LUA_TUPVAL LUA_NUMTYPES /* upvalues */ #define LUA_TPROTO (LUA_NUMTYPES+1) /* function prototypes */ +#define LUA_TDEADKEY (LUA_NUMTYPES+2) /* removed keys in tables */ + /* -** number of all possible types (including LUA_TNONE) +** number of all possible types (including LUA_TNONE but excluding DEADKEY) */ #define LUA_TOTALTYPES (LUA_TPROTO + 2) @@ -50,6 +52,8 @@ typedef union Value { lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */ lua_Integer i; /* integer numbers */ lua_Number n; /* float numbers */ + /* not used, but may avoid warnings for uninitialized value */ + lu_byte ub; } Value; @@ -66,7 +70,7 @@ typedef struct TValue { #define val_(o) ((o)->value_) -#define valraw(o) (&val_(o)) +#define valraw(o) (val_(o)) /* raw type tag of a TValue */ @@ -96,7 +100,8 @@ typedef struct TValue { /* ** Any value being manipulated by the program either is non ** collectable, or the collectable object has the right tag -** and it is not dead. +** and it is not dead. The option 'L == NULL' allows other +** macros using this one to be used where L is not available. */ #define checkliveness(L,obj) \ ((void)L, lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \ @@ -109,7 +114,7 @@ typedef struct TValue { #define settt_(o,t) ((o)->tt_=(t)) -/* main macro to copy values (from 'obj1' to 'obj2') */ +/* main macro to copy values (from 'obj2' to 'obj1') */ #define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \ { TValue *io1=(obj1); const TValue *io2=(obj2); \ io1->value_ = io2->value_; settt_(io1, io2->tt_); \ @@ -133,16 +138,36 @@ typedef struct TValue { /* -** Entries in the Lua stack +** Entries in a Lua stack. Field 'tbclist' forms a list of all +** to-be-closed variables active in this stack. Dummy entries are +** used when the distance between two tbc variables does not fit +** in an unsigned short. They are represented by delta==0, and +** their real delta is always the maximum value that fits in +** that field. */ typedef union StackValue { TValue val; + struct { + TValuefields; + unsigned short delta; + } tbclist; } StackValue; /* index to stack elements */ typedef StackValue *StkId; + +/* +** When reallocating the stack, change all pointers to the stack into +** proper offsets. +*/ +typedef union { + StkId p; /* actual pointer */ + ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */ +} StkIdRel; + + /* convert a 'StackValue' to a 'TValue' */ #define s2v(o) (&(o)->val) @@ -554,7 +579,7 @@ typedef struct Proto { /* ** {================================================================== -** Closures +** Functions ** =================================================================== */ @@ -567,10 +592,11 @@ typedef struct Proto { #define LUA_VCCL makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 2) /* C closure */ #define ttisfunction(o) checktype(o, LUA_TFUNCTION) -#define ttisclosure(o) ((rawtt(o) & 0x1F) == LUA_VLCL) #define ttisLclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLCL)) #define ttislcf(o) checktag((o), LUA_VLCF) #define ttisCclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VCCL)) +#define ttisclosure(o) (ttisLclosure(o) || ttisCclosure(o)) + #define isLfunction(o) ttisLclosure(o) @@ -602,8 +628,10 @@ typedef struct Proto { */ typedef struct UpVal { CommonHeader; - lu_byte tbc; /* true if it represents a to-be-closed variable */ - TValue *v; /* points to stack or to its own value */ + union { + TValue *p; /* points to stack or to its own value */ + ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */ + } v; union { struct { /* (when open) */ struct UpVal *next; /* linked list */ @@ -703,9 +731,9 @@ typedef union Node { */ #define BITRAS (1 << 7) -#define isrealasize(t) (!((t)->marked & BITRAS)) -#define setrealasize(t) ((t)->marked &= cast_byte(~BITRAS)) -#define setnorealasize(t) ((t)->marked |= BITRAS) +#define isrealasize(t) (!((t)->flags & BITRAS)) +#define setrealasize(t) ((t)->flags &= cast_byte(~BITRAS)) +#define setnorealasize(t) ((t)->flags |= BITRAS) typedef struct Table { @@ -742,13 +770,13 @@ typedef struct Table { /* -** Use a "nil table" to mark dead keys in a table. Those keys serve -** to keep space for removed entries, which may still be part of -** chains. Note that the 'keytt' does not have the BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE -** set, so these values are considered not collectable and are different -** from any valid value. +** Dead keys in tables have the tag DEADKEY but keep their original +** gcvalue. This distinguishes them from regular keys but allows them to +** be found when searched in a special way. ('next' needs that to find +** keys removed from a table during a traversal.) */ -#define setdeadkey(n) (keytt(n) = LUA_TTABLE, gckey(n) = NULL) +#define setdeadkey(node) (keytt(node) = LUA_TDEADKEY) +#define keyisdead(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_TDEADKEY) /* }================================================================== */ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopcodes.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopcodes.c similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopcodes.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopcodes.c diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopcodes.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopcodes.h similarity index 90% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopcodes.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopcodes.h index 122e5d2..4c55145 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopcodes.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopcodes.h @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ iABC C(8) | B(8) |k| A(8) | Op(7) | iABx Bx(17) | A(8) | Op(7) | iAsBx sBx (signed)(17) | A(8) | Op(7) | iAx Ax(25) | Op(7) | -isJ sJ(25) | Op(7) | +isJ sJ (signed)(25) | Op(7) | A signed argument is represented in excess K: the represented value is the written unsigned value minus K, where K is half the maximum for the @@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ}; /* basic instruction formats */ /* -** grep "ORDER OP" if you change these enums +** Grep "ORDER OP" if you change these enums. Opcodes marked with a (*) +** has extra descriptions in the notes after the enumeration. */ typedef enum { @@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ OP_LOADF,/* A sBx R[A] := (lua_Number)sBx */ OP_LOADK,/* A Bx R[A] := K[Bx] */ OP_LOADKX,/* A R[A] := K[extra arg] */ OP_LOADFALSE,/* A R[A] := false */ -OP_LFALSESKIP,/*A R[A] := false; pc++ */ +OP_LFALSESKIP,/*A R[A] := false; pc++ (*) */ OP_LOADTRUE,/* A R[A] := true */ OP_LOADNIL,/* A B R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+B] := nil */ OP_GETUPVAL,/* A B R[A] := UpValue[B] */ @@ -225,13 +226,13 @@ OP_SELF,/* A B C R[A+1] := R[B]; R[A] := R[B][RK(C):string] */ OP_ADDI,/* A B sC R[A] := R[B] + sC */ -OP_ADDK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] + K[C] */ -OP_SUBK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] - K[C] */ -OP_MULK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] * K[C] */ -OP_MODK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] % K[C] */ -OP_POWK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ^ K[C] */ -OP_DIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] / K[C] */ -OP_IDIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] // K[C] */ +OP_ADDK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] + K[C]:number */ +OP_SUBK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] - K[C]:number */ +OP_MULK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] * K[C]:number */ +OP_MODK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] % K[C]:number */ +OP_POWK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ^ K[C]:number */ +OP_DIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] / K[C]:number */ +OP_IDIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] // K[C]:number */ OP_BANDK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] & K[C]:integer */ OP_BORK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] | K[C]:integer */ @@ -254,14 +255,14 @@ OP_BXOR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ~ R[C] */ OP_SHL,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] << R[C] */ OP_SHR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] >> R[C] */ -OP_MMBIN,/* A B C call C metamethod over R[A] and R[B] */ +OP_MMBIN,/* A B C call C metamethod over R[A] and R[B] (*) */ OP_MMBINI,/* A sB C k call C metamethod over R[A] and sB */ OP_MMBINK,/* A B C k call C metamethod over R[A] and K[B] */ OP_UNM,/* A B R[A] := -R[B] */ OP_BNOT,/* A B R[A] := ~R[B] */ OP_NOT,/* A B R[A] := not R[B] */ -OP_LEN,/* A B R[A] := length of R[B] */ +OP_LEN,/* A B R[A] := #R[B] (length operator) */ OP_CONCAT,/* A B R[A] := R[A].. ... ..R[A + B - 1] */ @@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ OP_GTI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] > sB) ~= k) then pc++ */ OP_GEI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] >= sB) ~= k) then pc++ */ OP_TEST,/* A k if (not R[A] == k) then pc++ */ -OP_TESTSET,/* A B k if (not R[B] == k) then pc++ else R[A] := R[B] */ +OP_TESTSET,/* A B k if (not R[B] == k) then pc++ else R[A] := R[B] (*) */ OP_CALL,/* A B C R[A], ... ,R[A+C-2] := R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */ OP_TAILCALL,/* A B C k return R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */ @@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ OP_TFORPREP,/* A Bx create upvalue for R[A + 3]; pc+=Bx */ OP_TFORCALL,/* A C R[A+4], ... ,R[A+3+C] := R[A](R[A+1], R[A+2]); */ OP_TFORLOOP,/* A Bx if R[A+2] ~= nil then { R[A]=R[A+2]; pc -= Bx } */ -OP_SETLIST,/* A B C k R[A][(C-1)*FPF+i] := R[A+i], 1 <= i <= B */ +OP_SETLIST,/* A B C k R[A][C+i] := R[A+i], 1 <= i <= B */ OP_CLOSURE,/* A Bx R[A] := closure(KPROTO[Bx]) */ @@ -315,6 +316,18 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/* Ax extra (larger) argument for previous opcode */ /*=========================================================================== Notes: + + (*) Opcode OP_LFALSESKIP is used to convert a condition to a boolean + value, in a code equivalent to (not cond ? false : true). (It + produces false and skips the next instruction producing true.) + + (*) Opcodes OP_MMBIN and variants follow each arithmetic and + bitwise opcode. If the operation succeeds, it skips this next + opcode. Otherwise, this opcode calls the corresponding metamethod. + + (*) Opcode OP_TESTSET is used in short-circuit expressions that need + both to jump and to produce a value, such as (a = b or c). + (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top - A. If (C == 0), then 'top' is set to last_result+1, so next open instruction (OP_CALL, OP_RETURN*, OP_SETLIST) may use 'top'. diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopnames.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopnames.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lopnames.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lopnames.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loslib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loslib.c similarity index 93% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loslib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loslib.c index e65e188..ad5a927 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/loslib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/loslib.c @@ -30,23 +30,14 @@ */ #if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS) /* { */ -/* options for ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */ -#define L_STRFTIMEC89 "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%" - -/* options for ISO C 99 and POSIX */ -#define L_STRFTIMEC99 "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \ - "||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy" /* two-char options */ - -/* options for Windows */ -#define L_STRFTIMEWIN "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \ - "||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y" /* two-char options */ - #if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) -#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEWIN -#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89) -#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEC89 +#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \ + "||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y" /* two-char options */ +#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89) /* ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */ +#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%" #else /* C99 specification */ -#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEC99 +#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \ + "||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy" /* two-char options */ #endif #endif /* } */ @@ -138,12 +129,21 @@ /* }================================================================== */ +#if !defined(l_system) +#if defined(LUA_USE_IOS) +/* Despite claiming to be ISO C, iOS does not implement 'system'. */ +#define l_system(cmd) ((cmd) == NULL ? 0 : -1) +#else +#define l_system(cmd) system(cmd) /* default definition */ +#endif +#endif + static int os_execute (lua_State *L) { const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL); int stat; errno = 0; - stat = system(cmd); + stat = l_system(cmd); if (cmd != NULL) return luaL_execresult(L, stat); else { @@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ static int os_tmpname (lua_State *L) { char buff[LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE]; int err; lua_tmpnam(buff, err); - if (err) + if (l_unlikely(err)) return luaL_error(L, "unable to generate a unique filename"); lua_pushstring(L, buff); return 1; @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ static int os_clock (lua_State *L) { */ static void setfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value, int delta) { #if (defined(LUA_NUMTIME) && LUA_MAXINTEGER <= INT_MAX) - if (value > LUA_MAXINTEGER - delta) + if (l_unlikely(value > LUA_MAXINTEGER - delta)) luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key); #endif lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)value + delta); @@ -253,16 +253,14 @@ static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) { int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key); /* get field and its type */ lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum); if (!isnum) { /* field is not an integer? */ - if (t != LUA_TNIL) /* some other value? */ + if (l_unlikely(t != LUA_TNIL)) /* some other value? */ return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is not an integer", key); - else if (d < 0) /* absent field; no default? */ + else if (l_unlikely(d < 0)) /* absent field; no default? */ return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key); res = d; } else { - /* unsigned avoids overflow when lua_Integer has 32 bits */ - if (!(res >= 0 ? (lua_Unsigned)res <= (lua_Unsigned)INT_MAX + delta - : (lua_Integer)INT_MIN + delta <= res)) + if (!(res >= 0 ? res - delta <= INT_MAX : INT_MIN + delta <= res)) return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key); res -= delta; } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.c similarity index 92% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.c index bc7d9a4..b745f23 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.c @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ static void checknext (LexState *ls, int c) { ** in line 'where' (if that is not the current line). */ static void check_match (LexState *ls, int what, int who, int where) { - if (unlikely(!testnext(ls, what))) { + if (l_unlikely(!testnext(ls, what))) { if (where == ls->linenumber) /* all in the same line? */ error_expected(ls, what); /* do not need a complex message */ else { @@ -222,26 +222,26 @@ static Vardesc *getlocalvardesc (FuncState *fs, int vidx) { /* -** Convert 'nvar', a compiler index level, to it corresponding -** stack index level. For that, search for the highest variable -** below that level that is in the stack and uses its stack -** index ('sidx'). +** Convert 'nvar', a compiler index level, to its corresponding +** register. For that, search for the highest variable below that level +** that is in a register and uses its register index ('ridx') plus one. */ -static int stacklevel (FuncState *fs, int nvar) { +static int reglevel (FuncState *fs, int nvar) { while (nvar-- > 0) { - Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, nvar); /* get variable */ - if (vd->vd.kind != RDKCTC) /* is in the stack? */ - return vd->vd.sidx + 1; + Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, nvar); /* get previous variable */ + if (vd->vd.kind != RDKCTC) /* is in a register? */ + return vd->vd.ridx + 1; } - return 0; /* no variables in the stack */ + return 0; /* no variables in registers */ } /* -** Return the number of variables in the stack for function 'fs' +** Return the number of variables in the register stack for the given +** function. */ int luaY_nvarstack (FuncState *fs) { - return stacklevel(fs, fs->nactvar); + return reglevel(fs, fs->nactvar); } @@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ static void init_var (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int vidx) { e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP; e->k = VLOCAL; e->u.var.vidx = vidx; - e->u.var.sidx = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.sidx; + e->u.var.ridx = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.ridx; } @@ -310,12 +310,12 @@ static void check_readonly (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) { */ static void adjustlocalvars (LexState *ls, int nvars) { FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - int stklevel = luaY_nvarstack(fs); + int reglevel = luaY_nvarstack(fs); int i; for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) { int vidx = fs->nactvar++; Vardesc *var = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx); - var->vd.sidx = stklevel++; + var->vd.ridx = reglevel++; var->vd.pidx = registerlocalvar(ls, fs, var->vd.name); } } @@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) { FuncState *prev = fs->prev; if (v->k == VLOCAL) { up->instack = 1; - up->idx = v->u.var.sidx; + up->idx = v->u.var.ridx; up->kind = getlocalvardesc(prev, v->u.var.vidx)->vd.kind; lua_assert(eqstr(name, getlocalvardesc(prev, v->u.var.vidx)->vd.name)); } @@ -416,6 +416,17 @@ static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) { } +/* +** Mark that current block has a to-be-closed variable. +*/ +static void marktobeclosed (FuncState *fs) { + BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl; + bl->upval = 1; + bl->insidetbc = 1; + fs->needclose = 1; +} + + /* ** Find a variable with the given name 'n'. If it is an upvalue, add ** this upvalue into all intermediate functions. If it is a global, set @@ -457,6 +468,7 @@ static void singlevar (LexState *ls, expdesc *var) { expdesc key; singlevaraux(fs, ls->envn, var, 1); /* get environment variable */ lua_assert(var->k != VVOID); /* this one must exist */ + luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, var); /* but could be a constant */ codestring(&key, varname); /* key is variable name */ luaK_indexed(fs, var, &key); /* env[varname] */ } @@ -489,12 +501,10 @@ static void adjust_assign (LexState *ls, int nvars, int nexps, expdesc *e) { } -/* -** Macros to limit the maximum recursion depth while parsing -*/ -#define enterlevel(ls) luaE_enterCcall((ls)->L) +#define enterlevel(ls) luaE_incCstack(ls->L) -#define leavelevel(ls) luaE_exitCcall((ls)->L) + +#define leavelevel(ls) ((ls)->L->nCcalls--) /* @@ -511,15 +521,15 @@ static l_noret jumpscopeerror (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *gt) { /* ** Solves the goto at index 'g' to given 'label' and removes it -** from the list of pending goto's. +** from the list of pending gotos. ** If it jumps into the scope of some variable, raises an error. */ static void solvegoto (LexState *ls, int g, Labeldesc *label) { int i; - Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; /* list of goto's */ + Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; /* list of gotos */ Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[g]; /* goto to be resolved */ lua_assert(eqstr(gt->name, label->name)); - if (unlikely(gt->nactvar < label->nactvar)) /* enter some scope? */ + if (l_unlikely(gt->nactvar < label->nactvar)) /* enter some scope? */ jumpscopeerror(ls, gt); luaK_patchlist(ls->fs, gt->pc, label->pc); for (i = g; i < gl->n - 1; i++) /* remove goto from pending list */ @@ -570,7 +580,7 @@ static int newgotoentry (LexState *ls, TString *name, int line, int pc) { /* ** Solves forward jumps. Check whether new label 'lb' matches any ** pending gotos in current block and solves them. Return true -** if any of the goto's need to close upvalues. +** if any of the gotos need to close upvalues. */ static int solvegotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) { Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; @@ -591,7 +601,7 @@ static int solvegotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) { /* ** Create a new label with the given 'name' at the given 'line'. ** 'last' tells whether label is the last non-op statement in its -** block. Solves all pending goto's to this new label and adds +** block. Solves all pending gotos to this new label and adds ** a close instruction if necessary. ** Returns true iff it added a close instruction. */ @@ -622,7 +632,7 @@ static void movegotosout (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) { for (i = bl->firstgoto; i < gl->n; i++) { /* for each pending goto */ Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[i]; /* leaving a variable scope? */ - if (stacklevel(fs, gt->nactvar) > stacklevel(fs, bl->nactvar)) + if (reglevel(fs, gt->nactvar) > reglevel(fs, bl->nactvar)) gt->close |= bl->upval; /* jump may need a close */ gt->nactvar = bl->nactvar; /* update goto level */ } @@ -663,20 +673,20 @@ static void leaveblock (FuncState *fs) { BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl; LexState *ls = fs->ls; int hasclose = 0; - int stklevel = stacklevel(fs, bl->nactvar); /* level outside the block */ - if (bl->isloop) /* fix pending breaks? */ + int stklevel = reglevel(fs, bl->nactvar); /* level outside the block */ + removevars(fs, bl->nactvar); /* remove block locals */ + lua_assert(bl->nactvar == fs->nactvar); /* back to level on entry */ + if (bl->isloop) /* has to fix pending breaks? */ hasclose = createlabel(ls, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"), 0, 0); - if (!hasclose && bl->previous && bl->upval) + if (!hasclose && bl->previous && bl->upval) /* still need a 'close'? */ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, stklevel, 0, 0); - fs->bl = bl->previous; - removevars(fs, bl->nactvar); - lua_assert(bl->nactvar == fs->nactvar); fs->freereg = stklevel; /* free registers */ ls->dyd->label.n = bl->firstlabel; /* remove local labels */ - if (bl->previous) /* inner block? */ - movegotosout(fs, bl); /* update pending gotos to outer block */ + fs->bl = bl->previous; /* current block now is previous one */ + if (bl->previous) /* was it a nested block? */ + movegotosout(fs, bl); /* update pending gotos to enclosing block */ else { - if (bl->firstgoto < ls->dyd->gt.n) /* pending gotos in outer block? */ + if (bl->firstgoto < ls->dyd->gt.n) /* still pending gotos? */ undefgoto(ls, &ls->dyd->gt.arr[bl->firstgoto]); /* error */ } } @@ -947,7 +957,7 @@ static void setvararg (FuncState *fs, int nparams) { static void parlist (LexState *ls) { - /* parlist -> [ param { ',' param } ] */ + /* parlist -> [ {NAME ','} (NAME | '...') ] */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; Proto *f = fs->f; int nparams = 0; @@ -955,12 +965,12 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) { if (ls->t.token != ')') { /* is 'parlist' not empty? */ do { switch (ls->t.token) { - case TK_NAME: { /* param -> NAME */ + case TK_NAME: { new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); nparams++; break; } - case TK_DOTS: { /* param -> '...' */ + case TK_DOTS: { luaX_next(ls); isvararg = 1; break; @@ -1332,13 +1342,13 @@ static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) { } } else { /* table is a register */ - if (v->k == VLOCAL && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.var.sidx) { + if (v->k == VLOCAL && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.var.ridx) { conflict = 1; /* table is the local being assigned now */ lh->v.u.ind.t = extra; /* assignment will use safe copy */ } /* is index the local being assigned? */ if (lh->v.k == VINDEXED && v->k == VLOCAL && - lh->v.u.ind.idx == v->u.var.sidx) { + lh->v.u.ind.idx == v->u.var.ridx) { conflict = 1; lh->v.u.ind.idx = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */ } @@ -1348,7 +1358,7 @@ static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) { if (conflict) { /* copy upvalue/local value to a temporary (in position 'extra') */ if (v->k == VLOCAL) - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, extra, v->u.var.sidx, 0); + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, extra, v->u.var.ridx, 0); else luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, extra, v->u.info, 0); luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1); @@ -1413,7 +1423,7 @@ static void gotostat (LexState *ls) { newgotoentry(ls, name, line, luaK_jump(fs)); else { /* found a label */ /* backward jump; will be resolved here */ - int lblevel = stacklevel(fs, lb->nactvar); /* label level */ + int lblevel = reglevel(fs, lb->nactvar); /* label level */ if (luaY_nvarstack(fs) > lblevel) /* leaving the scope of a variable? */ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, lblevel, 0, 0); /* create jump and link it to the label */ @@ -1437,7 +1447,7 @@ static void breakstat (LexState *ls) { */ static void checkrepeated (LexState *ls, TString *name) { Labeldesc *lb = findlabel(ls, name); - if (unlikely(lb != NULL)) { /* already defined? */ + if (l_unlikely(lb != NULL)) { /* already defined? */ const char *msg = "label '%s' already defined on line %d"; msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(name), lb->line); luaK_semerror(ls, msg); /* error */ @@ -1490,7 +1500,7 @@ static void repeatstat (LexState *ls, int line) { if (bl2.upval) { /* upvalues? */ int exit = luaK_jump(fs); /* normal exit must jump over fix */ luaK_patchtohere(fs, condexit); /* repetition must close upvalues */ - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, stacklevel(fs, bl2.nactvar), 0, 0); + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, reglevel(fs, bl2.nactvar), 0, 0); condexit = luaK_jump(fs); /* repeat after closing upvalues */ luaK_patchtohere(fs, exit); /* normal exit comes to here */ } @@ -1522,7 +1532,7 @@ static void fixforjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest, int back) { int offset = dest - (pc + 1); if (back) offset = -offset; - if (unlikely(offset > MAXARG_Bx)) + if (l_unlikely(offset > MAXARG_Bx)) luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "control structure too long"); SETARG_Bx(*jmp, offset); } @@ -1601,7 +1611,7 @@ static void forlist (LexState *ls, TString *indexname) { line = ls->linenumber; adjust_assign(ls, 4, explist(ls, &e), &e); adjustlocalvars(ls, 4); /* control variables */ - markupval(fs, fs->nactvar); /* last control var. must be closed */ + marktobeclosed(fs); /* last control var. must be closed */ luaK_checkstack(fs, 3); /* extra space to call generator */ forbody(ls, base, line, nvars - 4, 1); } @@ -1625,59 +1635,21 @@ static void forstat (LexState *ls, int line) { } -/* -** Check whether next instruction is a single jump (a 'break', a 'goto' -** to a forward label, or a 'goto' to a backward label with no variable -** to close). If so, set the name of the 'label' it is jumping to -** ("break" for a 'break') or to where it is jumping to ('target') and -** return true. If not a single jump, leave input unchanged, to be -** handled as a regular statement. -*/ -static int issinglejump (LexState *ls, TString **label, int *target) { - if (testnext(ls, TK_BREAK)) { /* a break? */ - *label = luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"); - return 1; - } - else if (ls->t.token != TK_GOTO || luaX_lookahead(ls) != TK_NAME) - return 0; /* not a valid goto */ - else { - TString *lname = ls->lookahead.seminfo.ts; /* label's id */ - Labeldesc *lb = findlabel(ls, lname); - if (lb) { /* a backward jump? */ - /* does it need to close variables? */ - if (luaY_nvarstack(ls->fs) > stacklevel(ls->fs, lb->nactvar)) - return 0; /* not a single jump; cannot optimize */ - *target = lb->pc; - } - else /* jump forward */ - *label = lname; - luaX_next(ls); /* skip goto */ - luaX_next(ls); /* skip name */ - return 1; - } -} - - static void test_then_block (LexState *ls, int *escapelist) { /* test_then_block -> [IF | ELSEIF] cond THEN block */ BlockCnt bl; - int line; FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - TString *jlb = NULL; - int target = NO_JUMP; expdesc v; int jf; /* instruction to skip 'then' code (if condition is false) */ luaX_next(ls); /* skip IF or ELSEIF */ expr(ls, &v); /* read condition */ checknext(ls, TK_THEN); - line = ls->linenumber; - if (issinglejump(ls, &jlb, &target)) { /* 'if x then goto' ? */ - luaK_goiffalse(ls->fs, &v); /* will jump to label if condition is true */ + if (ls->t.token == TK_BREAK) { /* 'if x then break' ? */ + int line = ls->linenumber; + luaK_goiffalse(ls->fs, &v); /* will jump if condition is true */ + luaX_next(ls); /* skip 'break' */ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); /* must enter block before 'goto' */ - if (jlb != NULL) /* forward jump? */ - newgotoentry(ls, jlb, line, v.t); /* will be resolved later */ - else /* backward jump */ - luaK_patchlist(fs, v.t, target); /* jump directly to 'target' */ + newgotoentry(ls, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"), line, v.t); while (testnext(ls, ';')) {} /* skip semicolons */ if (block_follow(ls, 0)) { /* jump is the entire block? */ leaveblock(fs); @@ -1686,7 +1658,7 @@ static void test_then_block (LexState *ls, int *escapelist) { else /* must skip over 'then' part if condition is false */ jf = luaK_jump(fs); } - else { /* regular case (not a jump) */ + else { /* regular case (not a break) */ luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v); /* skip over block if condition is false */ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); jf = v.f; @@ -1743,18 +1715,16 @@ static int getlocalattribute (LexState *ls) { } -static void checktoclose (LexState *ls, int level) { +static void checktoclose (FuncState *fs, int level) { if (level != -1) { /* is there a to-be-closed variable? */ - FuncState *fs = ls->fs; - markupval(fs, level + 1); - fs->bl->insidetbc = 1; /* in the scope of a to-be-closed variable */ - luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TBC, stacklevel(fs, level), 0, 0); + marktobeclosed(fs); + luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TBC, reglevel(fs, level), 0, 0); } } static void localstat (LexState *ls) { - /* stat -> LOCAL ATTRIB NAME {',' ATTRIB NAME} ['=' explist] */ + /* stat -> LOCAL NAME ATTRIB { ',' NAME ATTRIB } ['=' explist] */ FuncState *fs = ls->fs; int toclose = -1; /* index of to-be-closed variable (if any) */ Vardesc *var; /* last variable */ @@ -1791,7 +1761,7 @@ static void localstat (LexState *ls) { adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e); adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars); } - checktoclose(ls, toclose); + checktoclose(fs, toclose); } @@ -1816,6 +1786,7 @@ static void funcstat (LexState *ls, int line) { luaX_next(ls); /* skip FUNCTION */ ismethod = funcname(ls, &v); body(ls, &b, ismethod, line); + check_readonly(ls, &v); luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &v, &b); luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line); /* definition "happens" in the first line */ } @@ -1973,10 +1944,10 @@ LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, LexState lexstate; FuncState funcstate; LClosure *cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, 1); /* create main closure */ - setclLvalue2s(L, L->top, cl); /* anchor it (to avoid being collected) */ + setclLvalue2s(L, L->top.p, cl); /* anchor it (to avoid being collected) */ luaD_inctop(L); lexstate.h = luaH_new(L); /* create table for scanner */ - sethvalue2s(L, L->top, lexstate.h); /* anchor it */ + sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, lexstate.h); /* anchor it */ luaD_inctop(L); funcstate.f = cl->p = luaF_newproto(L); luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p); @@ -1990,7 +1961,7 @@ LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff, lua_assert(!funcstate.prev && funcstate.nups == 1 && !lexstate.fs); /* all scopes should be correctly finished */ lua_assert(dyd->actvar.n == 0 && dyd->gt.n == 0 && dyd->label.n == 0); - L->top--; /* remove scanner's table */ + L->top.p--; /* remove scanner's table */ return cl; /* closure is on the stack, too */ } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.h similarity index 94% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.h index 618cb01..5e4500f 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lparser.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.h @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ /* kinds of variables/expressions */ typedef enum { - VVOID, /* when 'expdesc' describes the last expression a list, + VVOID, /* when 'expdesc' describes the last expression of a list, this kind means an empty list (so, no expression) */ VNIL, /* constant nil */ VTRUE, /* constant true */ @@ -35,10 +35,11 @@ typedef enum { (string is fixed by the lexer) */ VNONRELOC, /* expression has its value in a fixed register; info = result register */ - VLOCAL, /* local variable; var.sidx = stack index (local register); + VLOCAL, /* local variable; var.ridx = register index; var.vidx = relative index in 'actvar.arr' */ VUPVAL, /* upvalue variable; info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */ - VCONST, /* compile-time constant; info = absolute index in 'actvar.arr' */ + VCONST, /* compile-time variable; + info = absolute index in 'actvar.arr' */ VINDEXED, /* indexed variable; ind.t = table register; ind.idx = key's R index */ @@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ typedef struct expdesc { lu_byte t; /* table (register or upvalue) */ } ind; struct { /* for local variables */ - lu_byte sidx; /* index in the stack */ + lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */ unsigned short vidx; /* compiler index (in 'actvar.arr') */ } var; } u; @@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ typedef union Vardesc { struct { TValuefields; /* constant value (if it is a compile-time constant) */ lu_byte kind; - lu_byte sidx; /* index of the variable in the stack */ + lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */ short pidx; /* index of the variable in the Proto's 'locvars' array */ TString *name; /* variable name */ } vd; diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lprefix.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lprefix.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lprefix.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lprefix.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.c similarity index 63% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.c index 4434211..1e925e5 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.c @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static unsigned int luai_makeseed (lua_State *L) { addbuff(buff, p, &h); /* local variable */ addbuff(buff, p, &lua_newstate); /* public function */ lua_assert(p == sizeof(buff)); - return luaS_hash(buff, p, h, 1); + return luaS_hash(buff, p, h); } #endif @@ -97,66 +97,14 @@ void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt) { LUA_API int lua_setcstacklimit (lua_State *L, unsigned int limit) { - global_State *g = G(L); - int ccalls; - luaE_freeCI(L); /* release unused CIs */ - ccalls = getCcalls(L); - if (limit >= 40000) - return 0; /* out of bounds */ - limit += CSTACKERR; - if (L != g-> mainthread) - return 0; /* only main thread can change the C stack */ - else if (ccalls <= CSTACKERR) - return 0; /* handling overflow */ - else { - int diff = limit - g->Cstacklimit; - if (ccalls + diff <= CSTACKERR) - return 0; /* new limit would cause an overflow */ - g->Cstacklimit = limit; /* set new limit */ - L->nCcalls += diff; /* correct 'nCcalls' */ - return limit - diff - CSTACKERR; /* success; return previous limit */ - } -} - - -/* -** Decrement count of "C calls" and check for overflows. In case of -** a stack overflow, check appropriate error ("regular" overflow or -** overflow while handling stack overflow). If 'nCcalls' is smaller -** than CSTACKERR but larger than CSTACKMARK, it means it has just -** entered the "overflow zone", so the function raises an overflow -** error. If 'nCcalls' is smaller than CSTACKMARK (which means it is -** already handling an overflow) but larger than CSTACKERRMARK, does -** not report an error (to allow message handling to work). Otherwise, -** report a stack overflow while handling a stack overflow (probably -** caused by a repeating error in the message handling function). -*/ - -void luaE_enterCcall (lua_State *L) { - int ncalls = getCcalls(L); - L->nCcalls--; - if (ncalls <= CSTACKERR) { /* possible overflow? */ - luaE_freeCI(L); /* release unused CIs */ - ncalls = getCcalls(L); /* update call count */ - if (ncalls <= CSTACKERR) { /* still overflow? */ - if (ncalls <= CSTACKERRMARK) /* below error-handling zone? */ - luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error while handling stack error */ - else if (ncalls >= CSTACKMARK) { - /* not in error-handling zone; raise the error now */ - L->nCcalls = (CSTACKMARK - 1); /* enter error-handling zone */ - luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow"); - } - /* else stack is in the error-handling zone; - allow message handler to work */ - } - } + UNUSED(L); UNUSED(limit); + return LUAI_MAXCCALLS; /* warning?? */ } CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L) { CallInfo *ci; lua_assert(L->ci->next == NULL); - luaE_enterCcall(L); ci = luaM_new(L, CallInfo); lua_assert(L->ci->next == NULL); L->ci->next = ci; @@ -175,13 +123,11 @@ void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; CallInfo *next = ci->next; ci->next = NULL; - L->nCcalls += L->nci; /* add removed elements back to 'nCcalls' */ while ((ci = next) != NULL) { next = ci->next; luaM_free(L, ci); L->nci--; } - L->nCcalls -= L->nci; /* adjust result */ } @@ -194,7 +140,6 @@ void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L) { CallInfo *next; if (ci == NULL) return; /* no extra elements */ - L->nCcalls += L->nci; /* add removed elements back to 'nCcalls' */ while ((next = ci->next) != NULL) { /* two extra elements? */ CallInfo *next2 = next->next; /* next's next */ ci->next = next2; /* remove next from the list */ @@ -207,40 +152,61 @@ void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L) { ci = next2; /* continue */ } } - L->nCcalls -= L->nci; /* adjust result */ +} + + +/* +** Called when 'getCcalls(L)' larger or equal to LUAI_MAXCCALLS. +** If equal, raises an overflow error. If value is larger than +** LUAI_MAXCCALLS (which means it is handling an overflow) but +** not much larger, does not report an error (to allow overflow +** handling to work). +*/ +void luaE_checkcstack (lua_State *L) { + if (getCcalls(L) == LUAI_MAXCCALLS) + luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow"); + else if (getCcalls(L) >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS / 10 * 11)) + luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error while handling stack error */ +} + + +LUAI_FUNC void luaE_incCstack (lua_State *L) { + L->nCcalls++; + if (l_unlikely(getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)) + luaE_checkcstack(L); } static void stack_init (lua_State *L1, lua_State *L) { int i; CallInfo *ci; /* initialize stack array */ - L1->stack = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_STACK_SIZE, StackValue); - L1->stacksize = BASIC_STACK_SIZE; - for (i = 0; i < BASIC_STACK_SIZE; i++) - setnilvalue(s2v(L1->stack + i)); /* erase new stack */ - L1->top = L1->stack; - L1->stack_last = L1->stack + L1->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK; + L1->stack.p = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK, StackValue); + L1->tbclist.p = L1->stack.p; + for (i = 0; i < BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK; i++) + setnilvalue(s2v(L1->stack.p + i)); /* erase new stack */ + L1->top.p = L1->stack.p; + L1->stack_last.p = L1->stack.p + BASIC_STACK_SIZE; /* initialize first ci */ ci = &L1->base_ci; ci->next = ci->previous = NULL; ci->callstatus = CIST_C; - ci->func = L1->top; + ci->func.p = L1->top.p; ci->u.c.k = NULL; ci->nresults = 0; - setnilvalue(s2v(L1->top)); /* 'function' entry for this 'ci' */ - L1->top++; - ci->top = L1->top + LUA_MINSTACK; + setnilvalue(s2v(L1->top.p)); /* 'function' entry for this 'ci' */ + L1->top.p++; + ci->top.p = L1->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK; L1->ci = ci; } static void freestack (lua_State *L) { - if (L->stack == NULL) + if (L->stack.p == NULL) return; /* stack not completely built yet */ L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* free the entire 'ci' list */ luaE_freeCI(L); lua_assert(L->nci == 0); - luaM_freearray(L, L->stack, L->stacksize); /* free stack array */ + luaM_freearray(L, L->stack.p, stacksize(L) + EXTRA_STACK); /* free stack */ } @@ -248,24 +214,19 @@ static void freestack (lua_State *L) { ** Create registry table and its predefined values */ static void init_registry (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { - TValue temp; /* create registry */ Table *registry = luaH_new(L); sethvalue(L, &g->l_registry, registry); luaH_resize(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_LAST, 0); /* registry[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD] = L */ - setthvalue(L, &temp, L); /* temp = L */ - luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD, &temp); - /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = table of globals */ - sethvalue(L, &temp, luaH_new(L)); /* temp = new table (global table) */ - luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, &temp); + setthvalue(L, ®istry->array[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD - 1], L); + /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = new table (table of globals) */ + sethvalue(L, ®istry->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1], luaH_new(L)); } /* ** open parts of the state that may cause memory-allocation errors. -** ('g->nilvalue' being a nil value flags that the state was completely -** build.) */ static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) { global_State *g = G(L); @@ -275,8 +236,8 @@ static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) { luaS_init(L); luaT_init(L); luaX_init(L); - g->gcrunning = 1; /* allow gc */ - setnilvalue(&g->nilvalue); + g->gcstp = 0; /* allow gc */ + setnilvalue(&g->nilvalue); /* now state is complete */ luai_userstateopen(L); } @@ -287,11 +248,11 @@ static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) { */ static void preinit_thread (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { G(L) = g; - L->stack = NULL; + L->stack.p = NULL; L->ci = NULL; L->nci = 0; - L->stacksize = 0; L->twups = L; /* thread has no upvalues */ + L->nCcalls = 0; L->errorJmp = NULL; L->hook = NULL; L->hookmask = 0; @@ -301,15 +262,20 @@ static void preinit_thread (lua_State *L, global_State *g) { L->openupval = NULL; L->status = LUA_OK; L->errfunc = 0; + L->oldpc = 0; } static void close_state (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); - luaF_close(L, L->stack, CLOSEPROTECT); /* close all upvalues */ - luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* collect all objects */ - if (ttisnil(&g->nilvalue)) /* closing a fully built state? */ + if (!completestate(g)) /* closing a partially built state? */ + luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* just collect its objects */ + else { /* closing a fully built state */ + L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* unwind CallInfo list */ + luaD_closeprotected(L, 1, LUA_OK); /* close all upvalues */ + luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* collect all objects */ luai_userstateclose(L); + } luaM_freearray(L, G(L)->strt.hash, G(L)->strt.size); freestack(L); lua_assert(gettotalbytes(g) == sizeof(LG)); @@ -319,21 +285,17 @@ static void close_state (lua_State *L) { LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) { global_State *g = G(L); + GCObject *o; lua_State *L1; lua_lock(L); luaC_checkGC(L); /* create new thread */ - L1 = &cast(LX *, luaM_newobject(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX)))->l; - L1->marked = luaC_white(g); - L1->tt = LUA_VTHREAD; - /* link it on list 'allgc' */ - L1->next = g->allgc; - g->allgc = obj2gco(L1); + o = luaC_newobjdt(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX), offsetof(LX, l)); + L1 = gco2th(o); /* anchor it on L stack */ - setthvalue2s(L, L->top, L1); + setthvalue2s(L, L->top.p, L1); api_incr_top(L); preinit_thread(L1, g); - L1->nCcalls = getCcalls(L); L1->hookmask = L->hookmask; L1->basehookcount = L->basehookcount; L1->hook = L->hook; @@ -350,7 +312,7 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) { void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) { LX *l = fromstate(L1); - luaF_close(L1, L1->stack, NOCLOSINGMETH); /* close all upvalues */ + luaF_closeupval(L1, L1->stack.p); /* close all upvalues */ lua_assert(L1->openupval == NULL); luai_userstatefree(L, L1); freestack(L1); @@ -358,28 +320,43 @@ void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) { } -int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L) { - CallInfo *ci; - int status; - lua_lock(L); - L->ci = ci = &L->base_ci; /* unwind CallInfo list */ - setnilvalue(s2v(L->stack)); /* 'function' entry for basic 'ci' */ - ci->func = L->stack; +int luaE_resetthread (lua_State *L, int status) { + CallInfo *ci = L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* unwind CallInfo list */ + setnilvalue(s2v(L->stack.p)); /* 'function' entry for basic 'ci' */ + ci->func.p = L->stack.p; ci->callstatus = CIST_C; - status = luaF_close(L, L->stack, CLOSEPROTECT); - if (status != CLOSEPROTECT) /* real errors? */ - luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->stack + 1); - else { + if (status == LUA_YIELD) status = LUA_OK; - L->top = L->stack + 1; - } - ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK; - L->status = status; + L->status = LUA_OK; /* so it can run __close metamethods */ + status = luaD_closeprotected(L, 1, status); + if (status != LUA_OK) /* errors? */ + luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->stack.p + 1); + else + L->top.p = L->stack.p + 1; + ci->top.p = L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK; + luaD_reallocstack(L, cast_int(ci->top.p - L->stack.p), 0); + return status; +} + + +LUA_API int lua_closethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *from) { + int status; + lua_lock(L); + L->nCcalls = (from) ? getCcalls(from) : 0; + status = luaE_resetthread(L, L->status); lua_unlock(L); return status; } +/* +** Deprecated! Use 'lua_closethread' instead. +*/ +LUA_API int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L) { + return lua_closethread(L, NULL); +} + + LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) { int i; lua_State *L; @@ -394,24 +371,25 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) { preinit_thread(L, g); g->allgc = obj2gco(L); /* by now, only object is the main thread */ L->next = NULL; - g->Cstacklimit = L->nCcalls = LUAI_MAXCSTACK + CSTACKERR; + incnny(L); /* main thread is always non yieldable */ g->frealloc = f; g->ud = ud; g->warnf = NULL; g->ud_warn = NULL; g->mainthread = L; g->seed = luai_makeseed(L); - g->gcrunning = 0; /* no GC while building state */ + g->gcstp = GCSTPGC; /* no GC while building state */ g->strt.size = g->strt.nuse = 0; g->strt.hash = NULL; setnilvalue(&g->l_registry); g->panic = NULL; g->gcstate = GCSpause; g->gckind = KGC_INC; + g->gcstopem = 0; g->gcemergency = 0; g->finobj = g->tobefnz = g->fixedgc = NULL; - g->survival = g->old = g->reallyold = NULL; - g->finobjsur = g->finobjold = g->finobjrold = NULL; + g->firstold1 = g->survival = g->old1 = g->reallyold = NULL; + g->finobjsur = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjrold = NULL; g->sweepgc = NULL; g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL; g->weak = g->ephemeron = g->allweak = NULL; @@ -436,8 +414,8 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) { LUA_API void lua_close (lua_State *L) { - L = G(L)->mainthread; /* only the main thread can be closed */ lua_lock(L); + L = G(L)->mainthread; /* only the main thread can be closed */ close_state(L); } @@ -453,7 +431,7 @@ void luaE_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont) { ** Generate a warning from an error message */ void luaE_warnerror (lua_State *L, const char *where) { - TValue *errobj = s2v(L->top - 1); /* error object */ + TValue *errobj = s2v(L->top.p - 1); /* error object */ const char *msg = (ttisstring(errobj)) ? svalue(errobj) : "error object is not a string"; diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.h similarity index 62% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.h index 2e8bd6c..8bf6600 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstate.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstate.h @@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ #include "lua.h" + +/* Some header files included here need this definition */ +typedef struct CallInfo CallInfo; + + #include "lobject.h" #include "ltm.h" #include "lzio.h" @@ -32,13 +37,29 @@ ** ** 'allgc' -> 'survival': new objects; ** 'survival' -> 'old': objects that survived one collection; -** 'old' -> 'reallyold': objects that became old in last collection; +** 'old1' -> 'reallyold': objects that became old in last collection; ** 'reallyold' -> NULL: objects old for more than one cycle. ** ** 'finobj' -> 'finobjsur': new objects marked for finalization; -** 'finobjsur' -> 'finobjold': survived """"; -** 'finobjold' -> 'finobjrold': just old """"; +** 'finobjsur' -> 'finobjold1': survived """"; +** 'finobjold1' -> 'finobjrold': just old """"; ** 'finobjrold' -> NULL: really old """". +** +** All lists can contain elements older than their main ages, due +** to 'luaC_checkfinalizer' and 'udata2finalize', which move +** objects between the normal lists and the "marked for finalization" +** lists. Moreover, barriers can age young objects in young lists as +** OLD0, which then become OLD1. However, a list never contains +** elements younger than their main ages. +** +** The generational collector also uses a pointer 'firstold1', which +** points to the first OLD1 object in the list. It is used to optimize +** 'markold'. (Potentially OLD1 objects can be anywhere between 'allgc' +** and 'reallyold', but often the list has no OLD1 objects or they are +** after 'old1'.) Note the difference between it and 'old1': +** 'firstold1': no OLD1 objects before this point; there can be all +** ages after it. +** 'old1': no objects younger than OLD1 after this point. */ /* @@ -47,7 +68,7 @@ ** can become gray have such a field. The field is not the same ** in all objects, but it always has this name.) Any gray object ** must belong to one of these lists, and all objects in these lists -** must be gray: +** must be gray (with two exceptions explained below): ** ** 'gray': regular gray objects, still waiting to be visited. ** 'grayagain': objects that must be revisited at the atomic phase. @@ -58,53 +79,25 @@ ** 'weak': tables with weak values to be cleared; ** 'ephemeron': ephemeron tables with white->white entries; ** 'allweak': tables with weak keys and/or weak values to be cleared. -*/ - - - -/* -** About 'nCcalls': each thread in Lua (a lua_State) keeps a count of -** how many "C calls" it still can do in the C stack, to avoid C-stack -** overflow. This count is very rough approximation; it considers only -** recursive functions inside the interpreter, as non-recursive calls -** can be considered using a fixed (although unknown) amount of stack -** space. -** -** The count has two parts: the lower part is the count itself; the -** higher part counts the number of non-yieldable calls in the stack. -** (They are together so that we can change both with one instruction.) -** -** Because calls to external C functions can use an unknown amount -** of space (e.g., functions using an auxiliary buffer), calls -** to these functions add more than one to the count (see CSTACKCF). ** -** The proper count excludes the number of CallInfo structures allocated -** by Lua, as a kind of "potential" calls. So, when Lua calls a function -** (and "consumes" one CallInfo), it needs neither to decrement nor to -** check 'nCcalls', as its use of C stack is already accounted for. +** The exceptions to that "gray rule" are: +** - TOUCHED2 objects in generational mode stay in a gray list (because +** they must be visited again at the end of the cycle), but they are +** marked black because assignments to them must activate barriers (to +** move them back to TOUCHED1). +** - Open upvales are kept gray to avoid barriers, but they stay out +** of gray lists. (They don't even have a 'gclist' field.) */ -/* number of "C stack slots" used by an external C function */ -#define CSTACKCF 10 /* -** The C-stack size is sliced in the following zones: -** - larger than CSTACKERR: normal stack; -** - [CSTACKMARK, CSTACKERR]: buffer zone to signal a stack overflow; -** - [CSTACKCF, CSTACKERRMARK]: error-handling zone; -** - below CSTACKERRMARK: buffer zone to signal overflow during overflow; -** (Because the counter can be decremented CSTACKCF at once, we need -** the so called "buffer zones", with at least that size, to properly -** detect a change from one zone to the next.) +** About 'nCcalls': This count has two parts: the lower 16 bits counts +** the number of recursive invocations in the C stack; the higher +** 16 bits counts the number of non-yieldable calls in the stack. +** (They are together so that we can change and save both with one +** instruction.) */ -#define CSTACKERR (8 * CSTACKCF) -#define CSTACKMARK (CSTACKERR - (CSTACKCF + 2)) -#define CSTACKERRMARK (CSTACKCF + 2) - - -/* initial limit for the C-stack of threads */ -#define CSTACKTHREAD (2 * CSTACKERR) /* true if this thread does not have non-yieldable calls in the stack */ @@ -120,13 +113,8 @@ /* Decrement the number of non-yieldable calls */ #define decnny(L) ((L)->nCcalls -= 0x10000) -/* Increment the number of non-yieldable calls and decrement nCcalls */ -#define incXCcalls(L) ((L)->nCcalls += 0x10000 - CSTACKCF) - -/* Decrement the number of non-yieldable calls and increment nCcalls */ -#define decXCcalls(L) ((L)->nCcalls -= 0x10000 - CSTACKCF) - - +/* Non-yieldable call increment */ +#define nyci (0x10000 | 1) @@ -144,12 +132,20 @@ struct lua_longjmp; /* defined in ldo.c */ #endif -/* extra stack space to handle TM calls and some other extras */ +/* +** Extra stack space to handle TM calls and some other extras. This +** space is not included in 'stack_last'. It is used only to avoid stack +** checks, either because the element will be promptly popped or because +** there will be a stack check soon after the push. Function frames +** never use this extra space, so it does not need to be kept clean. +*/ #define EXTRA_STACK 5 #define BASIC_STACK_SIZE (2*LUA_MINSTACK) +#define stacksize(th) cast_int((th)->stack_last.p - (th)->stack.p) + /* kinds of Garbage Collection */ #define KGC_INC 0 /* incremental gc */ @@ -165,10 +161,22 @@ typedef struct stringtable { /* ** Information about a call. +** About union 'u': +** - field 'l' is used only for Lua functions; +** - field 'c' is used only for C functions. +** About union 'u2': +** - field 'funcidx' is used only by C functions while doing a +** protected call; +** - field 'nyield' is used only while a function is "doing" an +** yield (from the yield until the next resume); +** - field 'nres' is used only while closing tbc variables when +** returning from a function; +** - field 'transferinfo' is used only during call/returnhooks, +** before the function starts or after it ends. */ -typedef struct CallInfo { - StkId func; /* function index in the stack */ - StkId top; /* top for this function */ +struct CallInfo { + StkIdRel func; /* function index in the stack */ + StkIdRel top; /* top for this function */ struct CallInfo *previous, *next; /* dynamic call link */ union { struct { /* only for Lua functions */ @@ -185,6 +193,7 @@ typedef struct CallInfo { union { int funcidx; /* called-function index */ int nyield; /* number of values yielded */ + int nres; /* number of values returned */ struct { /* info about transferred values (for call/return hooks) */ unsigned short ftransfer; /* offset of first value transferred */ unsigned short ntransfer; /* number of values transferred */ @@ -192,7 +201,7 @@ typedef struct CallInfo { } u2; short nresults; /* expected number of results from this function */ unsigned short callstatus; -} CallInfo; +}; /* @@ -200,16 +209,34 @@ typedef struct CallInfo { */ #define CIST_OAH (1<<0) /* original value of 'allowhook' */ #define CIST_C (1<<1) /* call is running a C function */ -#define CIST_HOOKED (1<<2) /* call is running a debug hook */ -#define CIST_YPCALL (1<<3) /* call is a yieldable protected call */ -#define CIST_TAIL (1<<4) /* call was tail called */ -#define CIST_HOOKYIELD (1<<5) /* last hook called yielded */ -#define CIST_FIN (1<<6) /* call is running a finalizer */ -#define CIST_TRAN (1<<7) /* 'ci' has transfer information */ +#define CIST_FRESH (1<<2) /* call is on a fresh "luaV_execute" frame */ +#define CIST_HOOKED (1<<3) /* call is running a debug hook */ +#define CIST_YPCALL (1<<4) /* doing a yieldable protected call */ +#define CIST_TAIL (1<<5) /* call was tail called */ +#define CIST_HOOKYIELD (1<<6) /* last hook called yielded */ +#define CIST_FIN (1<<7) /* function "called" a finalizer */ +#define CIST_TRAN (1<<8) /* 'ci' has transfer information */ +#define CIST_CLSRET (1<<9) /* function is closing tbc variables */ +/* Bits 10-12 are used for CIST_RECST (see below) */ +#define CIST_RECST 10 #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE) -#define CIST_LEQ (1<<8) /* using __lt for __le */ +#define CIST_LEQ (1<<13) /* using __lt for __le */ #endif + +/* +** Field CIST_RECST stores the "recover status", used to keep the error +** status while closing to-be-closed variables in coroutines, so that +** Lua can correctly resume after an yield from a __close method called +** because of an error. (Three bits are enough for error status.) +*/ +#define getcistrecst(ci) (((ci)->callstatus >> CIST_RECST) & 7) +#define setcistrecst(ci,st) \ + check_exp(((st) & 7) == (st), /* status must fit in three bits */ \ + ((ci)->callstatus = ((ci)->callstatus & ~(7 << CIST_RECST)) \ + | ((st) << CIST_RECST))) + + /* active function is a Lua function */ #define isLua(ci) (!((ci)->callstatus & CIST_C)) @@ -238,9 +265,10 @@ typedef struct global_State { lu_byte currentwhite; lu_byte gcstate; /* state of garbage collector */ lu_byte gckind; /* kind of GC running */ + lu_byte gcstopem; /* stops emergency collections */ lu_byte genminormul; /* control for minor generational collections */ lu_byte genmajormul; /* control for major generational collections */ - lu_byte gcrunning; /* true if GC is running */ + lu_byte gcstp; /* control whether GC is running */ lu_byte gcemergency; /* true if this is an emergency collection */ lu_byte gcpause; /* size of pause between successive GCs */ lu_byte gcstepmul; /* GC "speed" */ @@ -257,21 +285,21 @@ typedef struct global_State { GCObject *fixedgc; /* list of objects not to be collected */ /* fields for generational collector */ GCObject *survival; /* start of objects that survived one GC cycle */ - GCObject *old; /* start of old objects */ - GCObject *reallyold; /* old objects with more than one cycle */ + GCObject *old1; /* start of old1 objects */ + GCObject *reallyold; /* objects more than one cycle old ("really old") */ + GCObject *firstold1; /* first OLD1 object in the list (if any) */ GCObject *finobjsur; /* list of survival objects with finalizers */ - GCObject *finobjold; /* list of old objects with finalizers */ + GCObject *finobjold1; /* list of old1 objects with finalizers */ GCObject *finobjrold; /* list of really old objects with finalizers */ struct lua_State *twups; /* list of threads with open upvalues */ lua_CFunction panic; /* to be called in unprotected errors */ struct lua_State *mainthread; TString *memerrmsg; /* message for memory-allocation errors */ TString *tmname[TM_N]; /* array with tag-method names */ - struct Table *mt[LUA_NUMTAGS]; /* metatables for basic types */ + struct Table *mt[LUA_NUMTYPES]; /* metatables for basic types */ TString *strcache[STRCACHE_N][STRCACHE_M]; /* cache for strings in API */ lua_WarnFunction warnf; /* warning function */ void *ud_warn; /* auxiliary data to 'warnf' */ - unsigned int Cstacklimit; /* current limit for the C stack */ } global_State; @@ -283,21 +311,21 @@ struct lua_State { lu_byte status; lu_byte allowhook; unsigned short nci; /* number of items in 'ci' list */ - StkId top; /* first free slot in the stack */ + StkIdRel top; /* first free slot in the stack */ global_State *l_G; CallInfo *ci; /* call info for current function */ - const Instruction *oldpc; /* last pc traced */ - StkId stack_last; /* last free slot in the stack */ - StkId stack; /* stack base */ + StkIdRel stack_last; /* end of stack (last element + 1) */ + StkIdRel stack; /* stack base */ UpVal *openupval; /* list of open upvalues in this stack */ + StkIdRel tbclist; /* list of to-be-closed variables */ GCObject *gclist; struct lua_State *twups; /* list of threads with open upvalues */ struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp; /* current error recover point */ CallInfo base_ci; /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */ volatile lua_Hook hook; ptrdiff_t errfunc; /* current error handling function (stack index) */ - l_uint32 nCcalls; /* number of allowed nested C calls - 'nci' */ - int stacksize; + l_uint32 nCcalls; /* number of nested (non-yieldable | C) calls */ + int oldpc; /* last pc traced */ int basehookcount; int hookcount; volatile l_signalT hookmask; @@ -306,9 +334,21 @@ struct lua_State { #define G(L) (L->l_G) +/* +** 'g->nilvalue' being a nil value flags that the state was completely +** build. +*/ +#define completestate(g) ttisnil(&g->nilvalue) + /* ** Union of all collectable objects (only for conversions) +** ISO C99, 6.5.2.3 p.5: +** "if a union contains several structures that share a common initial +** sequence [...], and if the union object currently contains one +** of these structures, it is permitted to inspect the common initial +** part of any of them anywhere that a declaration of the complete type +** of the union is visible." */ union GCUnion { GCObject gc; /* common header */ @@ -322,6 +362,11 @@ union GCUnion { }; +/* +** ISO C99, 6.7.2.1 p.14: +** "A pointer to a union object, suitably converted, points to each of +** its members [...], and vice versa." +*/ #define cast_u(o) cast(union GCUnion *, (o)) /* macros to convert a GCObject into a specific value */ @@ -353,12 +398,12 @@ LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1); LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L); -LUAI_FUNC void luaE_enterCcall (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaE_checkcstack (lua_State *L); +LUAI_FUNC void luaE_incCstack (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaE_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont); LUAI_FUNC void luaE_warnerror (lua_State *L, const char *where); +LUAI_FUNC int luaE_resetthread (lua_State *L, int status); -#define luaE_exitCcall(L) ((L)->nCcalls++) - #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.c similarity index 91% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.c index 6f15747..13dcaf4 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.c @@ -22,16 +22,6 @@ #include "lstring.h" -/* -** Lua will use at most ~(2^LUAI_HASHLIMIT) bytes from a long string to -** compute its hash -*/ -#if !defined(LUAI_HASHLIMIT) -#define LUAI_HASHLIMIT 5 -#endif - - - /* ** Maximum size for string table. */ @@ -50,10 +40,9 @@ int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b) { } -unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed, - size_t step) { +unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) { unsigned int h = seed ^ cast_uint(l); - for (; l >= step; l -= step) + for (; l > 0; l--) h ^= ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l - 1])); return h; } @@ -63,8 +52,7 @@ unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts) { lua_assert(ts->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR); if (ts->extra == 0) { /* no hash? */ size_t len = ts->u.lnglen; - size_t step = (len >> LUAI_HASHLIMIT) + 1; - ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), len, ts->hash, step); + ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), len, ts->hash); ts->extra = 1; /* now it has its hash */ } return ts->hash; @@ -101,7 +89,7 @@ void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int nsize) { if (nsize < osize) /* shrinking table? */ tablerehash(tb->hash, osize, nsize); /* depopulate shrinking part */ newvect = luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, osize, nsize, TString*); - if (unlikely(newvect == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */ + if (l_unlikely(newvect == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */ if (nsize < osize) /* was it shrinking table? */ tablerehash(tb->hash, nsize, osize); /* restore to original size */ /* leave table as it was */ @@ -184,7 +172,7 @@ void luaS_remove (lua_State *L, TString *ts) { static void growstrtab (lua_State *L, stringtable *tb) { - if (unlikely(tb->nuse == MAX_INT)) { /* too many strings? */ + if (l_unlikely(tb->nuse == MAX_INT)) { /* too many strings? */ luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some... */ if (tb->nuse == MAX_INT) /* still too many? */ luaM_error(L); /* cannot even create a message... */ @@ -201,7 +189,7 @@ static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { TString *ts; global_State *g = G(L); stringtable *tb = &g->strt; - unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed, 1); + unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed); TString **list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)]; lua_assert(str != NULL); /* otherwise 'memcmp'/'memcpy' are undefined */ for (ts = *list; ts != NULL; ts = ts->u.hnext) { @@ -235,7 +223,7 @@ TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) { return internshrstr(L, str, l); else { TString *ts; - if (unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char))) + if (l_unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char))) luaM_toobig(L); ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, l); memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char)); @@ -271,7 +259,7 @@ Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, int nuvalue) { Udata *u; int i; GCObject *o; - if (unlikely(s > MAX_SIZE - udatamemoffset(nuvalue))) + if (l_unlikely(s > MAX_SIZE - udatamemoffset(nuvalue))) luaM_toobig(L); o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUSERDATA, sizeudata(nuvalue, s)); u = gco2u(o); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.h similarity index 92% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.h index a413a9d..450c239 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstring.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstring.h @@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ #define eqshrstr(a,b) check_exp((a)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR, (a) == (b)) -LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, - unsigned int seed, size_t step); +LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed); LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts); LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b); LUAI_FUNC void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstrlib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstrlib.c similarity index 88% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstrlib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstrlib.c index 2ba8bde..0316716 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lstrlib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lstrlib.c @@ -152,8 +152,9 @@ static int str_rep (lua_State *L) { const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2); const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 3, "", &lsep); - if (n <= 0) lua_pushliteral(L, ""); - else if (l + lsep < l || l + lsep > MAXSIZE / n) /* may overflow? */ + if (n <= 0) + lua_pushliteral(L, ""); + else if (l_unlikely(l + lsep < l || l + lsep > MAXSIZE / n)) return luaL_error(L, "resulting string too large"); else { size_t totallen = (size_t)n * l + (size_t)(n - 1) * lsep; @@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ static int str_byte (lua_State *L) { size_t pose = getendpos(L, 3, pi, l); int n, i; if (posi > pose) return 0; /* empty interval; return no values */ - if (pose - posi >= (size_t)INT_MAX) /* arithmetic overflow? */ + if (l_unlikely(pose - posi >= (size_t)INT_MAX)) /* arithmetic overflow? */ return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long"); n = (int)(pose - posi) + 1; luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long"); @@ -235,7 +236,7 @@ static int str_dump (lua_State *L) { luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); lua_settop(L, 1); /* ensure function is on the top of the stack */ state.init = 0; - if (lua_dump(L, writer, &state, strip) != 0) + if (l_unlikely(lua_dump(L, writer, &state, strip) != 0)) return luaL_error(L, "unable to dump given function"); luaL_pushresult(&state.B); return 1; @@ -275,7 +276,8 @@ static int tonum (lua_State *L, int arg) { static void trymt (lua_State *L, const char *mtname) { lua_settop(L, 2); /* back to the original arguments */ - if (lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TSTRING || !luaL_getmetafield(L, 2, mtname)) + if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TSTRING || + !luaL_getmetafield(L, 2, mtname))) luaL_error(L, "attempt to %s a '%s' with a '%s'", mtname + 2, luaL_typename(L, -2), luaL_typename(L, -1)); lua_insert(L, -3); /* put metamethod before arguments */ @@ -383,7 +385,8 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p); static int check_capture (MatchState *ms, int l) { l -= '1'; - if (l < 0 || l >= ms->level || ms->capture[l].len == CAP_UNFINISHED) + if (l_unlikely(l < 0 || l >= ms->level || + ms->capture[l].len == CAP_UNFINISHED)) return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", l + 1); return l; } @@ -400,14 +403,14 @@ static int capture_to_close (MatchState *ms) { static const char *classend (MatchState *ms, const char *p) { switch (*p++) { case L_ESC: { - if (p == ms->p_end) + if (l_unlikely(p == ms->p_end)) luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with '%%')"); return p+1; } case '[': { if (*p == '^') p++; do { /* look for a ']' */ - if (p == ms->p_end) + if (l_unlikely(p == ms->p_end)) luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing ']')"); if (*(p++) == L_ESC && p < ms->p_end) p++; /* skip escapes (e.g. '%]') */ @@ -482,7 +485,7 @@ static int singlematch (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p, static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { - if (p >= ms->p_end - 1) + if (l_unlikely(p >= ms->p_end - 1)) luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing arguments to '%%b')"); if (*s != *p) return NULL; else { @@ -565,9 +568,9 @@ static const char *match_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s, int l) { static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { - if (ms->matchdepth-- == 0) + if (l_unlikely(ms->matchdepth-- == 0)) luaL_error(ms->L, "pattern too complex"); - init: /* using goto's to optimize tail recursion */ + init: /* using goto to optimize tail recursion */ if (p != ms->p_end) { /* end of pattern? */ switch (*p) { case '(': { /* start capture */ @@ -599,7 +602,7 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { case 'f': { /* frontier? */ const char *ep; char previous; p += 2; - if (*p != '[') + if (l_unlikely(*p != '[')) luaL_error(ms->L, "missing '[' after '%%f' in pattern"); ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to what is next */ previous = (s == ms->src_init) ? '\0' : *(s - 1); @@ -699,7 +702,7 @@ static const char *lmemfind (const char *s1, size_t l1, static size_t get_onecapture (MatchState *ms, int i, const char *s, const char *e, const char **cap) { if (i >= ms->level) { - if (i != 0) + if (l_unlikely(i != 0)) luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", i + 1); *cap = s; return e - s; @@ -707,7 +710,7 @@ static size_t get_onecapture (MatchState *ms, int i, const char *s, else { ptrdiff_t capl = ms->capture[i].len; *cap = ms->capture[i].init; - if (capl == CAP_UNFINISHED) + if (l_unlikely(capl == CAP_UNFINISHED)) luaL_error(ms->L, "unfinished capture"); else if (capl == CAP_POSITION) lua_pushinteger(ms->L, (ms->capture[i].init - ms->src_init) + 1); @@ -926,7 +929,7 @@ static int add_value (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, luaL_addlstring(b, s, e - s); /* keep original text */ return 0; /* no changes */ } - else if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) + else if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1))) return luaL_error(L, "invalid replacement value (a %s)", luaL_typename(L, -1)); else { @@ -1058,7 +1061,7 @@ static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz, for (i = 0; i < n; i++) buff[i] = toupper(uchar(buff[i])); } - else if (fmt[SIZELENMOD] != 'a') + else if (l_unlikely(fmt[SIZELENMOD] != 'a')) return luaL_error(L, "modifiers for format '%%a'/'%%A' not implemented"); return n; } @@ -1087,13 +1090,31 @@ static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz, /* valid flags in a format specification */ -#if !defined(L_FMTFLAGS) -#define L_FMTFLAGS "-+ #0" +#if !defined(L_FMTFLAGSF) + +/* valid flags for a, A, e, E, f, F, g, and G conversions */ +#define L_FMTFLAGSF "-+#0 " + +/* valid flags for o, x, and X conversions */ +#define L_FMTFLAGSX "-#0" + +/* valid flags for d and i conversions */ +#define L_FMTFLAGSI "-+0 " + +/* valid flags for u conversions */ +#define L_FMTFLAGSU "-0" + +/* valid flags for c, p, and s conversions */ +#define L_FMTFLAGSC "-" + #endif /* -** maximum size of each format specification (such as "%-099.99d") +** Maximum size of each format specification (such as "%-099.99d"): +** Initial '%', flags (up to 5), width (2), period, precision (2), +** length modifier (8), conversion specifier, and final '\0', plus some +** extra. */ #define MAX_FORMAT 32 @@ -1186,25 +1207,53 @@ static void addliteral (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) { } -static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) { - const char *p = strfrmt; - while (*p != '\0' && strchr(L_FMTFLAGS, *p) != NULL) p++; /* skip flags */ - if ((size_t)(p - strfrmt) >= sizeof(L_FMTFLAGS)/sizeof(char)) - luaL_error(L, "invalid format (repeated flags)"); - if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* skip width */ - if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* (2 digits at most) */ - if (*p == '.') { - p++; - if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* skip precision */ - if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++; /* (2 digits at most) */ +static const char *get2digits (const char *s) { + if (isdigit(uchar(*s))) { + s++; + if (isdigit(uchar(*s))) s++; /* (2 digits at most) */ } - if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) - luaL_error(L, "invalid format (width or precision too long)"); + return s; +} + + +/* +** Check whether a conversion specification is valid. When called, +** first character in 'form' must be '%' and last character must +** be a valid conversion specifier. 'flags' are the accepted flags; +** 'precision' signals whether to accept a precision. +*/ +static void checkformat (lua_State *L, const char *form, const char *flags, + int precision) { + const char *spec = form + 1; /* skip '%' */ + spec += strspn(spec, flags); /* skip flags */ + if (*spec != '0') { /* a width cannot start with '0' */ + spec = get2digits(spec); /* skip width */ + if (*spec == '.' && precision) { + spec++; + spec = get2digits(spec); /* skip precision */ + } + } + if (!isalpha(uchar(*spec))) /* did not go to the end? */ + luaL_error(L, "invalid conversion specification: '%s'", form); +} + + +/* +** Get a conversion specification and copy it to 'form'. +** Return the address of its last character. +*/ +static const char *getformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, + char *form) { + /* spans flags, width, and precision ('0' is included as a flag) */ + size_t len = strspn(strfrmt, L_FMTFLAGSF "123456789."); + len++; /* adds following character (should be the specifier) */ + /* still needs space for '%', '\0', plus a length modifier */ + if (len >= MAX_FORMAT - 10) + luaL_error(L, "invalid format (too long)"); *(form++) = '%'; - memcpy(form, strfrmt, ((p - strfrmt) + 1) * sizeof(char)); - form += (p - strfrmt) + 1; - *form = '\0'; - return p; + memcpy(form, strfrmt, len * sizeof(char)); + *(form + len) = '\0'; + return strfrmt + len - 1; } @@ -1227,6 +1276,7 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { size_t sfl; const char *strfrmt = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &sfl); const char *strfrmt_end = strfrmt+sfl; + const char *flags; luaL_Buffer b; luaL_buffinit(L, &b); while (strfrmt < strfrmt_end) { @@ -1236,25 +1286,35 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { luaL_addchar(&b, *strfrmt++); /* %% */ else { /* format item */ char form[MAX_FORMAT]; /* to store the format ('%...') */ - int maxitem = MAX_ITEM; - char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, maxitem); /* to put formatted item */ - int nb = 0; /* number of bytes in added item */ + int maxitem = MAX_ITEM; /* maximum length for the result */ + char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, maxitem); /* to put result */ + int nb = 0; /* number of bytes in result */ if (++arg > top) return luaL_argerror(L, arg, "no value"); - strfrmt = scanformat(L, strfrmt, form); + strfrmt = getformat(L, strfrmt, form); switch (*strfrmt++) { case 'c': { + checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 0); nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg)); break; } case 'd': case 'i': - case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': { + flags = L_FMTFLAGSI; + goto intcase; + case 'u': + flags = L_FMTFLAGSU; + goto intcase; + case 'o': case 'x': case 'X': + flags = L_FMTFLAGSX; + intcase: { lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg); + checkformat(L, form, flags, 1); addlenmod(form, LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN); nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACINT)n); break; } case 'a': case 'A': + checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSF, 1); addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN); nb = lua_number2strx(L, buff, maxitem, form, luaL_checknumber(L, arg)); @@ -1265,12 +1325,14 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { /* FALLTHROUGH */ case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G': { lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); + checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSF, 1); addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN); nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)n); break; } case 'p': { const void *p = lua_topointer(L, arg); + checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 0); if (p == NULL) { /* avoid calling 'printf' with argument NULL */ p = "(null)"; /* result */ form[strlen(form) - 1] = 's'; /* format it as a string */ @@ -1291,7 +1353,8 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) { luaL_addvalue(&b); /* keep entire string */ else { luaL_argcheck(L, l == strlen(s), arg, "string contains zeros"); - if (!strchr(form, '.') && l >= 100) { + checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 1); + if (strchr(form, '.') == NULL && l >= 100) { /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted */ luaL_addvalue(&b); /* keep entire string */ } @@ -1349,26 +1412,6 @@ static const union { } nativeendian = {1}; -/* dummy structure to get native alignment requirements */ -struct cD { - char c; - union { double d; void *p; lua_Integer i; lua_Number n; } u; -}; - -#define MAXALIGN (offsetof(struct cD, u)) - - -/* -** Union for serializing floats -*/ -typedef union Ftypes { - float f; - double d; - lua_Number n; - char buff[5 * sizeof(lua_Number)]; /* enough for any float type */ -} Ftypes; - - /* ** information to pack/unpack stuff */ @@ -1385,7 +1428,9 @@ typedef struct Header { typedef enum KOption { Kint, /* signed integers */ Kuint, /* unsigned integers */ - Kfloat, /* floating-point numbers */ + Kfloat, /* single-precision floating-point numbers */ + Knumber, /* Lua "native" floating-point numbers */ + Kdouble, /* double-precision floating-point numbers */ Kchar, /* fixed-length strings */ Kstring, /* strings with prefixed length */ Kzstr, /* zero-terminated strings */ @@ -1420,7 +1465,7 @@ static int getnum (const char **fmt, int df) { */ static int getnumlimit (Header *h, const char **fmt, int df) { int sz = getnum(fmt, df); - if (sz > MAXINTSIZE || sz <= 0) + if (l_unlikely(sz > MAXINTSIZE || sz <= 0)) return luaL_error(h->L, "integral size (%d) out of limits [1,%d]", sz, MAXINTSIZE); return sz; @@ -1441,6 +1486,8 @@ static void initheader (lua_State *L, Header *h) { ** Read and classify next option. 'size' is filled with option's size. */ static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) { + /* dummy structure to get native alignment requirements */ + struct cD { char c; union { LUAI_MAXALIGN; } u; }; int opt = *((*fmt)++); *size = 0; /* default */ switch (opt) { @@ -1454,14 +1501,14 @@ static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) { case 'J': *size = sizeof(lua_Integer); return Kuint; case 'T': *size = sizeof(size_t); return Kuint; case 'f': *size = sizeof(float); return Kfloat; - case 'd': *size = sizeof(double); return Kfloat; - case 'n': *size = sizeof(lua_Number); return Kfloat; + case 'n': *size = sizeof(lua_Number); return Knumber; + case 'd': *size = sizeof(double); return Kdouble; case 'i': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kint; case 'I': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kuint; case 's': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(size_t)); return Kstring; case 'c': *size = getnum(fmt, -1); - if (*size == -1) + if (l_unlikely(*size == -1)) luaL_error(h->L, "missing size for format option 'c'"); return Kchar; case 'z': return Kzstr; @@ -1471,7 +1518,11 @@ static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) { case '<': h->islittle = 1; break; case '>': h->islittle = 0; break; case '=': h->islittle = nativeendian.little; break; - case '!': h->maxalign = getnumlimit(h, fmt, MAXALIGN); break; + case '!': { + const int maxalign = offsetof(struct cD, u); + h->maxalign = getnumlimit(h, fmt, maxalign); + break; + } default: luaL_error(h->L, "invalid format option '%c'", opt); } return Knop; @@ -1500,7 +1551,7 @@ static KOption getdetails (Header *h, size_t totalsize, else { if (align > h->maxalign) /* enforce maximum alignment */ align = h->maxalign; - if ((align & (align - 1)) != 0) /* is 'align' not a power of 2? */ + if (l_unlikely((align & (align - 1)) != 0)) /* not a power of 2? */ luaL_argerror(h->L, 1, "format asks for alignment not power of 2"); *ntoalign = (align - (int)(totalsize & (align - 1))) & (align - 1); } @@ -1535,12 +1586,10 @@ static void packint (luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Unsigned n, ** Copy 'size' bytes from 'src' to 'dest', correcting endianness if ** given 'islittle' is different from native endianness. */ -static void copywithendian (volatile char *dest, volatile const char *src, +static void copywithendian (char *dest, const char *src, int size, int islittle) { - if (islittle == nativeendian.little) { - while (size-- != 0) - *(dest++) = *(src++); - } + if (islittle == nativeendian.little) + memcpy(dest, src, size); else { dest += size - 1; while (size-- != 0) @@ -1583,15 +1632,27 @@ static int str_pack (lua_State *L) { packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)n, h.islittle, size, 0); break; } - case Kfloat: { /* floating-point options */ - volatile Ftypes u; - char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, size); - lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */ - if (size == sizeof(u.f)) u.f = (float)n; /* copy it into 'u' */ - else if (size == sizeof(u.d)) u.d = (double)n; - else u.n = n; - /* move 'u' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */ - copywithendian(buff, u.buff, size, h.islittle); + case Kfloat: { /* C float */ + float f = (float)luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */ + char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f)); + /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */ + copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle); + luaL_addsize(&b, size); + break; + } + case Knumber: { /* Lua float */ + lua_Number f = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */ + char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f)); + /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */ + copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle); + luaL_addsize(&b, size); + break; + } + case Kdouble: { /* C double */ + double f = (double)luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */ + char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f)); + /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */ + copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle); luaL_addsize(&b, size); break; } @@ -1682,7 +1743,7 @@ static lua_Integer unpackint (lua_State *L, const char *str, else if (size > SZINT) { /* must check unread bytes */ int mask = (!issigned || (lua_Integer)res >= 0) ? 0 : MC; for (i = limit; i < size; i++) { - if ((unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] != mask) + if (l_unlikely((unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] != mask)) luaL_error(L, "%d-byte integer does not fit into Lua Integer", size); } } @@ -1717,13 +1778,21 @@ static int str_unpack (lua_State *L) { break; } case Kfloat: { - volatile Ftypes u; - lua_Number num; - copywithendian(u.buff, data + pos, size, h.islittle); - if (size == sizeof(u.f)) num = (lua_Number)u.f; - else if (size == sizeof(u.d)) num = (lua_Number)u.d; - else num = u.n; - lua_pushnumber(L, num); + float f; + copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle); + lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)f); + break; + } + case Knumber: { + lua_Number f; + copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle); + lua_pushnumber(L, f); + break; + } + case Kdouble: { + double f; + copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle); + lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)f); break; } case Kchar: { @@ -1738,7 +1807,7 @@ static int str_unpack (lua_State *L) { break; } case Kzstr: { - size_t len = (int)strlen(data + pos); + size_t len = strlen(data + pos); luaL_argcheck(L, pos + len < ld, 2, "unfinished string for format 'z'"); lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos, len); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.c similarity index 85% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.c index d7eb69a..3c690c5 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.c @@ -68,20 +68,23 @@ #define MAXHSIZE luaM_limitN(1u << MAXHBITS, Node) +/* +** When the original hash value is good, hashing by a power of 2 +** avoids the cost of '%'. +*/ #define hashpow2(t,n) (gnode(t, lmod((n), sizenode(t)))) -#define hashstr(t,str) hashpow2(t, (str)->hash) -#define hashboolean(t,p) hashpow2(t, p) -#define hashint(t,i) hashpow2(t, i) - - /* -** for some types, it is better to avoid modulus by power of 2, as -** they tend to have many 2 factors. +** for other types, it is better to avoid modulo by power of 2, as +** they can have many 2 factors. */ #define hashmod(t,n) (gnode(t, ((n) % ((sizenode(t)-1)|1)))) +#define hashstr(t,str) hashpow2(t, (str)->hash) +#define hashboolean(t,p) hashpow2(t, p) + + #define hashpointer(t,p) hashmod(t, point2uint(p)) @@ -96,6 +99,20 @@ static const Node dummynode_ = { static const TValue absentkey = {ABSTKEYCONSTANT}; +/* +** Hash for integers. To allow a good hash, use the remainder operator +** ('%'). If integer fits as a non-negative int, compute an int +** remainder, which is faster. Otherwise, use an unsigned-integer +** remainder, which uses all bits and ensures a non-negative result. +*/ +static Node *hashint (const Table *t, lua_Integer i) { + lua_Unsigned ui = l_castS2U(i); + if (ui <= cast_uint(INT_MAX)) + return hashmod(t, cast_int(ui)); + else + return hashmod(t, ui); +} + /* ** Hash for floating-point numbers. @@ -129,54 +146,78 @@ static int l_hashfloat (lua_Number n) { /* ** returns the 'main' position of an element in a table (that is, -** the index of its hash value). The key comes broken (tag in 'ktt' -** and value in 'vkl') so that we can call it on keys inserted into -** nodes. +** the index of its hash value). */ -static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, int ktt, const Value *kvl) { - switch (withvariant(ktt)) { - case LUA_VNUMINT: - return hashint(t, ivalueraw(*kvl)); - case LUA_VNUMFLT: - return hashmod(t, l_hashfloat(fltvalueraw(*kvl))); - case LUA_VSHRSTR: - return hashstr(t, tsvalueraw(*kvl)); - case LUA_VLNGSTR: - return hashpow2(t, luaS_hashlongstr(tsvalueraw(*kvl))); +static Node *mainpositionTV (const Table *t, const TValue *key) { + switch (ttypetag(key)) { + case LUA_VNUMINT: { + lua_Integer i = ivalue(key); + return hashint(t, i); + } + case LUA_VNUMFLT: { + lua_Number n = fltvalue(key); + return hashmod(t, l_hashfloat(n)); + } + case LUA_VSHRSTR: { + TString *ts = tsvalue(key); + return hashstr(t, ts); + } + case LUA_VLNGSTR: { + TString *ts = tsvalue(key); + return hashpow2(t, luaS_hashlongstr(ts)); + } case LUA_VFALSE: return hashboolean(t, 0); case LUA_VTRUE: return hashboolean(t, 1); - case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA: - return hashpointer(t, pvalueraw(*kvl)); - case LUA_VLCF: - return hashpointer(t, fvalueraw(*kvl)); - default: - return hashpointer(t, gcvalueraw(*kvl)); + case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA: { + void *p = pvalue(key); + return hashpointer(t, p); + } + case LUA_VLCF: { + lua_CFunction f = fvalue(key); + return hashpointer(t, f); + } + default: { + GCObject *o = gcvalue(key); + return hashpointer(t, o); + } } } -/* -** Returns the main position of an element given as a 'TValue' -*/ -static Node *mainpositionTV (const Table *t, const TValue *key) { - return mainposition(t, rawtt(key), valraw(key)); +l_sinline Node *mainpositionfromnode (const Table *t, Node *nd) { + TValue key; + getnodekey(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &key, nd); + return mainpositionTV(t, &key); } /* -** Check whether key 'k1' is equal to the key in node 'n2'. -** This equality is raw, so there are no metamethods. Floats -** with integer values have been normalized, so integers cannot -** be equal to floats. It is assumed that 'eqshrstr' is simply -** pointer equality, so that short strings are handled in the -** default case. +** Check whether key 'k1' is equal to the key in node 'n2'. This +** equality is raw, so there are no metamethods. Floats with integer +** values have been normalized, so integers cannot be equal to +** floats. It is assumed that 'eqshrstr' is simply pointer equality, so +** that short strings are handled in the default case. +** A true 'deadok' means to accept dead keys as equal to their original +** values. All dead keys are compared in the default case, by pointer +** identity. (Only collectable objects can produce dead keys.) Note that +** dead long strings are also compared by identity. +** Once a key is dead, its corresponding value may be collected, and +** then another value can be created with the same address. If this +** other value is given to 'next', 'equalkey' will signal a false +** positive. In a regular traversal, this situation should never happen, +** as all keys given to 'next' came from the table itself, and therefore +** could not have been collected. Outside a regular traversal, we +** have garbage in, garbage out. What is relevant is that this false +** positive does not break anything. (In particular, 'next' will return +** some other valid item on the table or nil.) */ -static int equalkey (const TValue *k1, const Node *n2) { - if (rawtt(k1) != keytt(n2)) /* not the same variants? */ +static int equalkey (const TValue *k1, const Node *n2, int deadok) { + if ((rawtt(k1) != keytt(n2)) && /* not the same variants? */ + !(deadok && keyisdead(n2) && iscollectable(k1))) return 0; /* cannot be same key */ - switch (ttypetag(k1)) { + switch (keytt(n2)) { case LUA_VNIL: case LUA_VFALSE: case LUA_VTRUE: return 1; case LUA_VNUMINT: @@ -187,7 +228,7 @@ static int equalkey (const TValue *k1, const Node *n2) { return pvalue(k1) == pvalueraw(keyval(n2)); case LUA_VLCF: return fvalue(k1) == fvalueraw(keyval(n2)); - case LUA_VLNGSTR: + case ctb(LUA_VLNGSTR): return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(k1), keystrval(n2)); default: return gcvalue(k1) == gcvalueraw(keyval(n2)); @@ -216,9 +257,11 @@ LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaH_realasize (const Table *t) { size |= (size >> 2); size |= (size >> 4); size |= (size >> 8); +#if (UINT_MAX >> 14) > 3 /* unsigned int has more than 16 bits */ size |= (size >> 16); #if (UINT_MAX >> 30) > 3 size |= (size >> 32); /* unsigned int has more than 32 bits */ +#endif #endif size++; lua_assert(ispow2(size) && size/2 < t->alimit && t->alimit < size); @@ -251,11 +294,12 @@ static unsigned int setlimittosize (Table *t) { /* ** "Generic" get version. (Not that generic: not valid for integers, ** which may be in array part, nor for floats with integral values.) +** See explanation about 'deadok' in function 'equalkey'. */ -static const TValue *getgeneric (Table *t, const TValue *key) { +static const TValue *getgeneric (Table *t, const TValue *key, int deadok) { Node *n = mainpositionTV(t, key); for (;;) { /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */ - if (equalkey(key, n)) + if (equalkey(key, n, deadok)) return gval(n); /* that's it */ else { int nx = gnext(n); @@ -292,8 +336,8 @@ static unsigned int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, TValue *key, if (i - 1u < asize) /* is 'key' inside array part? */ return i; /* yes; that's the index */ else { - const TValue *n = getgeneric(t, key); - if (unlikely(isabstkey(n))) + const TValue *n = getgeneric(t, key, 1); + if (l_unlikely(isabstkey(n))) luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to 'next'"); /* key not found */ i = cast_int(nodefromval(n) - gnode(t, 0)); /* key index in hash table */ /* hash elements are numbered after array ones */ @@ -446,7 +490,7 @@ static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) { luaG_runerror(L, "table overflow"); size = twoto(lsize); t->node = luaM_newvector(L, size, Node); - for (i = 0; i < (int)size; i++) { + for (i = 0; i < cast_int(size); i++) { Node *n = gnode(t, i); gnext(n) = 0; setnilkey(n); @@ -471,7 +515,7 @@ static void reinsert (lua_State *L, Table *ot, Table *t) { already present in the table */ TValue k; getnodekey(L, &k, old); - setobjt2t(L, luaH_set(L, t, &k), gval(old)); + luaH_set(L, t, &k, gval(old)); } } } @@ -527,7 +571,7 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int newasize, } /* allocate new array */ newarray = luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, newasize, TValue); - if (unlikely(newarray == NULL && newasize > 0)) { /* allocation failed? */ + if (l_unlikely(newarray == NULL && newasize > 0)) { /* allocation failed? */ freehash(L, &newt); /* release new hash part */ luaM_error(L); /* raise error (with array unchanged) */ } @@ -583,7 +627,7 @@ Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) { GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VTABLE, sizeof(Table)); Table *t = gco2t(o); t->metatable = NULL; - t->flags = cast_byte(~0); + t->flags = cast_byte(maskflags); /* table has no metamethod fields */ t->array = NULL; t->alimit = 0; setnodevector(L, t, 0); @@ -618,10 +662,10 @@ static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) { ** put new key in its main position; otherwise (colliding node is in its main ** position), new key goes to an empty position. */ -TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { +void luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *value) { Node *mp; TValue aux; - if (unlikely(ttisnil(key))) + if (l_unlikely(ttisnil(key))) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil"); else if (ttisfloat(key)) { lua_Number f = fltvalue(key); @@ -630,9 +674,11 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { setivalue(&aux, k); key = &aux; /* insert it as an integer */ } - else if (unlikely(luai_numisnan(f))) + else if (l_unlikely(luai_numisnan(f))) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN"); } + if (ttisnil(value)) + return; /* do not insert nil values */ mp = mainpositionTV(t, key); if (!isempty(gval(mp)) || isdummy(t)) { /* main position is taken? */ Node *othern; @@ -640,10 +686,11 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { if (f == NULL) { /* cannot find a free place? */ rehash(L, t, key); /* grow table */ /* whatever called 'newkey' takes care of TM cache */ - return luaH_set(L, t, key); /* insert key into grown table */ + luaH_set(L, t, key, value); /* insert key into grown table */ + return; } lua_assert(!isdummy(t)); - othern = mainposition(t, keytt(mp), &keyval(mp)); + othern = mainpositionfromnode(t, mp); if (othern != mp) { /* is colliding node out of its main position? */ /* yes; move colliding node into free position */ while (othern + gnext(othern) != mp) /* find previous */ @@ -668,7 +715,7 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { setnodekey(L, mp, key); luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), key); lua_assert(isempty(gval(mp))); - return gval(mp); + setobj2t(L, gval(mp), value); } @@ -730,7 +777,7 @@ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) { else { /* for long strings, use generic case */ TValue ko; setsvalue(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &ko, key); - return getgeneric(t, &ko); + return getgeneric(t, &ko, 0); } } @@ -750,34 +797,45 @@ const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) { /* else... */ } /* FALLTHROUGH */ default: - return getgeneric(t, key); + return getgeneric(t, key, 0); } } +/* +** Finish a raw "set table" operation, where 'slot' is where the value +** should have been (the result of a previous "get table"). +** Beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC +** barrier and invalidate the TM cache. +*/ +void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, + const TValue *slot, TValue *value) { + if (isabstkey(slot)) + luaH_newkey(L, t, key, value); + else + setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, slot), value); +} + + /* ** beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC ** barrier and invalidate the TM cache. */ -TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) { - const TValue *p = luaH_get(t, key); - if (!isabstkey(p)) - return cast(TValue *, p); - else return luaH_newkey(L, t, key); +void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *value) { + const TValue *slot = luaH_get(t, key); + luaH_finishset(L, t, key, slot, value); } void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *value) { const TValue *p = luaH_getint(t, key); - TValue *cell; - if (!isabstkey(p)) - cell = cast(TValue *, p); - else { + if (isabstkey(p)) { TValue k; setivalue(&k, key); - cell = luaH_newkey(L, t, &k); + luaH_newkey(L, t, &k, value); } - setobj2t(L, cell, value); + else + setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, p), value); } @@ -919,6 +977,4 @@ Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) { return mainpositionTV(t, key); } -int luaH_isdummy (const Table *t) { return isdummy(t); } - #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.h similarity index 69% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.h index ebd7f8e..75dd9e2 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltable.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltable.h @@ -15,7 +15,12 @@ #define gnext(n) ((n)->u.next) -#define invalidateTMcache(t) ((t)->flags = 0) +/* +** Clear all bits of fast-access metamethods, which means that the table +** may have any of these metamethods. (First access that fails after the +** clearing will set the bit again.) +*/ +#define invalidateTMcache(t) ((t)->flags &= ~maskflags) /* true when 't' is using 'dummynode' as its hash part */ @@ -36,8 +41,12 @@ LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key, LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key); LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key); LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key); -LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key); -LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key); +LUAI_FUNC void luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, + TValue *value); +LUAI_FUNC void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, + TValue *value); +LUAI_FUNC void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, + const TValue *slot, TValue *value); LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L); LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize, unsigned int nhsize); @@ -50,7 +59,6 @@ LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaH_realasize (const Table *t); #if defined(LUA_DEBUG) LUAI_FUNC Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key); -LUAI_FUNC int luaH_isdummy (const Table *t); #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltablib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltablib.c similarity index 96% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltablib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltablib.c index d344a47..e6bc4d0 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltablib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltablib.c @@ -59,8 +59,9 @@ static void checktab (lua_State *L, int arg, int what) { static int tinsert (lua_State *L) { - lua_Integer e = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW) + 1; /* first empty element */ lua_Integer pos; /* where to insert new element */ + lua_Integer e = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW); + e = luaL_intop(+, e, 1); /* first empty element */ switch (lua_gettop(L)) { case 2: { /* called with only 2 arguments */ pos = e; /* insert new element at the end */ @@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ static int tremove (lua_State *L) { lua_Integer pos = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, size); if (pos != size) /* validate 'pos' if given */ /* check whether 'pos' is in [1, size + 1] */ - luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)pos - 1u <= (lua_Unsigned)size, 1, + luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)pos - 1u <= (lua_Unsigned)size, 2, "position out of bounds"); lua_geti(L, 1, pos); /* result = t[pos] */ for ( ; pos < size; pos++) { @@ -145,9 +146,9 @@ static int tmove (lua_State *L) { static void addfield (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Integer i) { lua_geti(L, 1, i); - if (!lua_isstring(L, -1)) - luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %d in table for 'concat'", - luaL_typename(L, -1), i); + if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1))) + luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %I in table for 'concat'", + luaL_typename(L, -1), (LUAI_UACINT)i); luaL_addvalue(b); } @@ -196,7 +197,8 @@ static int tunpack (lua_State *L) { lua_Integer e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 3, luaL_len(L, 1)); if (i > e) return 0; /* empty range */ n = (lua_Unsigned)e - i; /* number of elements minus 1 (avoid overflows) */ - if (n >= (unsigned int)INT_MAX || !lua_checkstack(L, (int)(++n))) + if (l_unlikely(n >= (unsigned int)INT_MAX || + !lua_checkstack(L, (int)(++n)))) return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack"); for (; i < e; i++) { /* push arg[i..e - 1] (to avoid overflows) */ lua_geti(L, 1, i); @@ -300,14 +302,14 @@ static IdxT partition (lua_State *L, IdxT lo, IdxT up) { for (;;) { /* next loop: repeat ++i while a[i] < P */ while ((void)lua_geti(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) { - if (i == up - 1) /* a[i] < P but a[up - 1] == P ?? */ + if (l_unlikely(i == up - 1)) /* a[i] < P but a[up - 1] == P ?? */ luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting"); lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[i] */ } /* after the loop, a[i] >= P and a[lo .. i - 1] < P */ /* next loop: repeat --j while P < a[j] */ while ((void)lua_geti(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) { - if (j < i) /* j < i but a[j] > P ?? */ + if (l_unlikely(j < i)) /* j < i but a[j] > P ?? */ luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting"); lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[j] */ } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.c similarity index 86% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.c index ae60983..07a0608 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.c @@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) { void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, const TValue *p3) { - StkId func = L->top; + StkId func = L->top.p; setobj2s(L, func, f); /* push function (assume EXTRA_STACK) */ setobj2s(L, func + 1, p1); /* 1st argument */ setobj2s(L, func + 2, p2); /* 2nd argument */ setobj2s(L, func + 3, p3); /* 3rd argument */ - L->top = func + 4; + L->top.p = func + 4; /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */ if (isLuacode(L->ci)) luaD_call(L, func, 0); @@ -119,18 +119,18 @@ void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1, void luaT_callTMres (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, StkId res) { ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, res); - StkId func = L->top; + StkId func = L->top.p; setobj2s(L, func, f); /* push function (assume EXTRA_STACK) */ setobj2s(L, func + 1, p1); /* 1st argument */ setobj2s(L, func + 2, p2); /* 2nd argument */ - L->top += 3; + L->top.p += 3; /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */ if (isLuacode(L->ci)) luaD_call(L, func, 1); else luaD_callnoyield(L, func, 1); res = restorestack(L, result); - setobjs2s(L, res, --L->top); /* move result to its place */ + setobjs2s(L, res, --L->top.p); /* move result to its place */ } @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ static int callbinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, StkId res, TMS event) { - if (!callbinTM(L, p1, p2, res, event)) { + if (l_unlikely(!callbinTM(L, p1, p2, res, event))) { switch (event) { case TM_BAND: case TM_BOR: case TM_BXOR: case TM_SHL: case TM_SHR: case TM_BNOT: { @@ -165,8 +165,9 @@ void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, void luaT_tryconcatTM (lua_State *L) { - StkId top = L->top; - if (!callbinTM(L, s2v(top - 2), s2v(top - 1), top - 2, TM_CONCAT)) + StkId top = L->top.p; + if (l_unlikely(!callbinTM(L, s2v(top - 2), s2v(top - 1), top - 2, + TM_CONCAT))) luaG_concaterror(L, s2v(top - 2), s2v(top - 1)); } @@ -199,15 +200,15 @@ void luaT_trybiniTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, lua_Integer i2, */ int luaT_callorderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, TMS event) { - if (callbinTM(L, p1, p2, L->top, event)) /* try original event */ - return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top)); + if (callbinTM(L, p1, p2, L->top.p, event)) /* try original event */ + return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p)); #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE) else if (event == TM_LE) { /* try '!(p2 < p1)' for '(p1 <= p2)' */ L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_LEQ; /* mark it is doing 'lt' for 'le' */ - if (callbinTM(L, p2, p1, L->top, TM_LT)) { + if (callbinTM(L, p2, p1, L->top.p, TM_LT)) { L->ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */ - return l_isfalse(s2v(L->top)); + return l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p)); } /* else error will remove this 'ci'; no need to clear mark */ } @@ -237,20 +238,20 @@ int luaT_callorderiTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, int v2, void luaT_adjustvarargs (lua_State *L, int nfixparams, CallInfo *ci, const Proto *p) { int i; - int actual = cast_int(L->top - ci->func) - 1; /* number of arguments */ + int actual = cast_int(L->top.p - ci->func.p) - 1; /* number of arguments */ int nextra = actual - nfixparams; /* number of extra arguments */ ci->u.l.nextraargs = nextra; - checkstackGC(L, p->maxstacksize + 1); + luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize + 1); /* copy function to the top of the stack */ - setobjs2s(L, L->top++, ci->func); + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p++, ci->func.p); /* move fixed parameters to the top of the stack */ for (i = 1; i <= nfixparams; i++) { - setobjs2s(L, L->top++, ci->func + i); - setnilvalue(s2v(ci->func + i)); /* erase original parameter (for GC) */ + setobjs2s(L, L->top.p++, ci->func.p + i); + setnilvalue(s2v(ci->func.p + i)); /* erase original parameter (for GC) */ } - ci->func += actual + 1; - ci->top += actual + 1; - lua_assert(L->top <= ci->top && ci->top <= L->stack_last); + ci->func.p += actual + 1; + ci->top.p += actual + 1; + lua_assert(L->top.p <= ci->top.p && ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p); } @@ -259,11 +260,11 @@ void luaT_getvarargs (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId where, int wanted) { int nextra = ci->u.l.nextraargs; if (wanted < 0) { wanted = nextra; /* get all extra arguments available */ - checkstackp(L, nextra, where); /* ensure stack space */ - L->top = where + nextra; /* next instruction will need top */ + checkstackGCp(L, nextra, where); /* ensure stack space */ + L->top.p = where + nextra; /* next instruction will need top */ } for (i = 0; i < wanted && i < nextra; i++) - setobjs2s(L, where + i, ci->func - nextra + i); + setobjs2s(L, where + i, ci->func.p - nextra + i); for (; i < wanted; i++) /* complete required results with nil */ setnilvalue(s2v(where + i)); } diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.h similarity index 85% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.h index 99b545e..c309e2a 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/ltm.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/ltm.h @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ #include "lobject.h" +#include "lstate.h" /* @@ -45,6 +46,15 @@ typedef enum { } TMS; +/* +** Mask with 1 in all fast-access methods. A 1 in any of these bits +** in the flag of a (meta)table means the metatable does not have the +** corresponding metamethod field. (Bit 7 of the flag is used for +** 'isrealasize'.) +*/ +#define maskflags (~(~0u << (TM_EQ + 1))) + + /* ** Test whether there is no tagmethod. ** (Because tagmethods use raw accesses, the result may be an "empty" nil.) @@ -86,8 +96,8 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaT_callorderiTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, int v2, int inv, int isfloat, TMS event); LUAI_FUNC void luaT_adjustvarargs (lua_State *L, int nfixparams, - struct CallInfo *ci, const Proto *p); -LUAI_FUNC void luaT_getvarargs (lua_State *L, struct CallInfo *ci, + CallInfo *ci, const Proto *p); +LUAI_FUNC void luaT_getvarargs (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId where, int wanted); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.c similarity index 83% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.c index 454ce12..0ff8845 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.c @@ -37,6 +37,26 @@ static lua_State *globalL = NULL; static const char *progname = LUA_PROGNAME; +#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */ + +/* +** Use 'sigaction' when available. +*/ +static void setsignal (int sig, void (*handler)(int)) { + struct sigaction sa; + sa.sa_handler = handler; + sa.sa_flags = 0; + sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); /* do not mask any signal */ + sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL); +} + +#else /* }{ */ + +#define setsignal signal + +#endif /* } */ + + /* ** Hook set by signal function to stop the interpreter. */ @@ -55,7 +75,7 @@ static void lstop (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) { */ static void laction (int i) { int flag = LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT; - signal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */ + setsignal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */ lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, flag, 1); } @@ -69,14 +89,15 @@ static void print_usage (const char *badoption) { lua_writestringerror( "usage: %s [options] [script [args]]\n" "Available options are:\n" - " -e stat execute string 'stat'\n" - " -i enter interactive mode after executing 'script'\n" - " -l name require library 'name' into global 'name'\n" - " -v show version information\n" - " -E ignore environment variables\n" - " -W turn warnings on\n" - " -- stop handling options\n" - " - stop handling options and execute stdin\n" + " -e stat execute string 'stat'\n" + " -i enter interactive mode after executing 'script'\n" + " -l mod require library 'mod' into global 'mod'\n" + " -l g=mod require library 'mod' into global 'g'\n" + " -v show version information\n" + " -E ignore environment variables\n" + " -W turn warnings on\n" + " -- stop handling options\n" + " - stop handling options and execute stdin\n" , progname); } @@ -135,9 +156,9 @@ static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int nres) { lua_pushcfunction(L, msghandler); /* push message handler */ lua_insert(L, base); /* put it under function and args */ globalL = L; /* to be available to 'laction' */ - signal(SIGINT, laction); /* set C-signal handler */ + setsignal(SIGINT, laction); /* set C-signal handler */ status = lua_pcall(L, narg, nres, base); - signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); /* reset C-signal handler */ + setsignal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); /* reset C-signal handler */ lua_remove(L, base); /* remove message handler from the stack */ return status; } @@ -156,10 +177,11 @@ static void print_version (void) { ** to the script (everything after 'script') go to positive indices; ** other arguments (before the script name) go to negative indices. ** If there is no script name, assume interpreter's name as base. +** (If there is no interpreter's name either, 'script' is -1, so +** table sizes are zero.) */ static void createargtable (lua_State *L, char **argv, int argc, int script) { int i, narg; - if (script == argc) script = 0; /* no script name? */ narg = argc - (script + 1); /* number of positive indices */ lua_createtable(L, narg, script + 1); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { @@ -187,16 +209,22 @@ static int dostring (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *name) { /* -** Calls 'require(name)' and stores the result in a global variable -** with the given name. +** Receives 'globname[=modname]' and runs 'globname = require(modname)'. */ -static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, const char *name) { +static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, char *globname) { int status; + char *modname = strchr(globname, '='); + if (modname == NULL) /* no explicit name? */ + modname = globname; /* module name is equal to global name */ + else { + *modname = '\0'; /* global name ends here */ + modname++; /* module name starts after the '=' */ + } lua_getglobal(L, "require"); - lua_pushstring(L, name); - status = docall(L, 1, 1); /* call 'require(name)' */ + lua_pushstring(L, modname); + status = docall(L, 1, 1); /* call 'require(modname)' */ if (status == LUA_OK) - lua_setglobal(L, name); /* global[name] = require return */ + lua_setglobal(L, globname); /* globname = require(modname) */ return report(L, status); } @@ -241,14 +269,23 @@ static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv) { /* ** Traverses all arguments from 'argv', returning a mask with those -** needed before running any Lua code (or an error code if it finds -** any invalid argument). 'first' returns the first not-handled argument -** (either the script name or a bad argument in case of error). +** needed before running any Lua code or an error code if it finds any +** invalid argument. In case of error, 'first' is the index of the bad +** argument. Otherwise, 'first' is -1 if there is no program name, +** 0 if there is no script name, or the index of the script name. */ static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) { int args = 0; int i; - for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) { + if (argv[0] != NULL) { /* is there a program name? */ + if (argv[0][0]) /* not empty? */ + progname = argv[0]; /* save it */ + } + else { /* no program name */ + *first = -1; + return 0; + } + for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) { /* handle arguments */ *first = i; if (argv[i][0] != '-') /* not an option? */ return args; /* stop handling options */ @@ -289,7 +326,7 @@ static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) { return has_error; } } - *first = i; /* no script name */ + *first = 0; /* no script name */ return args; } @@ -307,7 +344,7 @@ static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) { switch (option) { case 'e': case 'l': { int status; - const char *extra = argv[i] + 2; /* both options need an argument */ + char *extra = argv[i] + 2; /* both options need an argument */ if (*extra == '\0') extra = argv[++i]; lua_assert(extra != NULL); status = (option == 'e') @@ -416,14 +453,18 @@ static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) { /* -** Returns the string to be used as a prompt by the interpreter. +** Return the string to be used as a prompt by the interpreter. Leave +** the string (or nil, if using the default value) on the stack, to keep +** it anchored. */ static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) { - const char *p; - lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2"); - p = lua_tostring(L, -1); - if (p == NULL) p = (firstline ? LUA_PROMPT : LUA_PROMPT2); - return p; + if (lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2") == LUA_TNIL) + return (firstline ? LUA_PROMPT : LUA_PROMPT2); /* use the default */ + else { /* apply 'tostring' over the value */ + const char *p = luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL); + lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original value */ + return p; + } } /* mark in error messages for incomplete statements */ @@ -578,8 +619,8 @@ static int pmain (lua_State *L) { char **argv = (char **)lua_touserdata(L, 2); int script; int args = collectargs(argv, &script); + int optlim = (script > 0) ? script : argc; /* first argv not an option */ luaL_checkversion(L); /* check that interpreter has correct version */ - if (argv[0] && argv[0][0]) progname = argv[0]; if (args == has_error) { /* bad arg? */ print_usage(argv[script]); /* 'script' has index of bad arg. */ return 0; @@ -592,19 +633,21 @@ static int pmain (lua_State *L) { } luaL_openlibs(L); /* open standard libraries */ createargtable(L, argv, argc, script); /* create table 'arg' */ - lua_gc(L, LUA_GCGEN, 0, 0); /* GC in generational mode */ + lua_gc(L, LUA_GCRESTART); /* start GC... */ + lua_gc(L, LUA_GCGEN, 0, 0); /* ...in generational mode */ if (!(args & has_E)) { /* no option '-E'? */ if (handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK) /* run LUA_INIT */ return 0; /* error running LUA_INIT */ } - if (!runargs(L, argv, script)) /* execute arguments -e and -l */ + if (!runargs(L, argv, optlim)) /* execute arguments -e and -l */ return 0; /* something failed */ - if (script < argc && /* execute main script (if there is one) */ - handle_script(L, argv + script) != LUA_OK) - return 0; + if (script > 0) { /* execute main script (if there is one) */ + if (handle_script(L, argv + script) != LUA_OK) + return 0; /* interrupt in case of error */ + } if (args & has_i) /* -i option? */ doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */ - else if (script == argc && !(args & (has_e | has_v))) { /* no arguments? */ + else if (script < 1 && !(args & (has_e | has_v))) { /* no active option? */ if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) { /* running in interactive mode? */ print_version(); doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */ @@ -623,6 +666,7 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) { l_message(argv[0], "cannot create state: not enough memory"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } + lua_gc(L, LUA_GCSTOP); /* stop GC while building state */ lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain); /* to call 'pmain' in protected mode */ lua_pushinteger(L, argc); /* 1st argument */ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, argv); /* 2nd argument */ diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.h similarity index 96% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.h index b348c14..fd16cf8 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.h @@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ #define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "5" #define LUA_VERSION_MINOR "4" -#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE "0" +#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE "6" #define LUA_VERSION_NUM 504 -#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE_NUM (LUA_VERSION_NUM * 100 + 0) +#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE_NUM (LUA_VERSION_NUM * 100 + 6) #define LUA_VERSION "Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR #define LUA_RELEASE LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE -#define LUA_COPYRIGHT LUA_RELEASE " Copyright (C) 1994-2020 Lua.org, PUC-Rio" +#define LUA_COPYRIGHT LUA_RELEASE " Copyright (C) 1994-2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio" #define LUA_AUTHORS "R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes" @@ -131,6 +131,16 @@ typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize); typedef void (*lua_WarnFunction) (void *ud, const char *msg, int tocont); +/* +** Type used by the debug API to collect debug information +*/ +typedef struct lua_Debug lua_Debug; + + +/* +** Functions to be called by the debugger in specific events +*/ +typedef void (*lua_Hook) (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar); /* @@ -153,7 +163,8 @@ extern const char lua_ident[]; LUA_API lua_State *(lua_newstate) (lua_Alloc f, void *ud); LUA_API void (lua_close) (lua_State *L); LUA_API lua_State *(lua_newthread) (lua_State *L); -LUA_API int (lua_resetthread) (lua_State *L); +LUA_API int (lua_closethread) (lua_State *L, lua_State *from); +LUA_API int (lua_resetthread) (lua_State *L); /* Deprecated! */ LUA_API lua_CFunction (lua_atpanic) (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf); @@ -347,7 +358,8 @@ LUA_API size_t (lua_stringtonumber) (lua_State *L, const char *s); LUA_API lua_Alloc (lua_getallocf) (lua_State *L, void **ud); LUA_API void (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud); -LUA_API void (lua_toclose) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API void (lua_toclose) (lua_State *L, int idx); +LUA_API void (lua_closeslot) (lua_State *L, int idx); /* @@ -441,12 +453,6 @@ LUA_API void (lua_toclose) (lua_State *L, int idx); #define LUA_MASKLINE (1 << LUA_HOOKLINE) #define LUA_MASKCOUNT (1 << LUA_HOOKCOUNT) -typedef struct lua_Debug lua_Debug; /* activation record */ - - -/* Functions to be called by the debugger in specific events */ -typedef void (*lua_Hook) (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar); - LUA_API int (lua_getstack) (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar); LUA_API int (lua_getinfo) (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar); @@ -491,7 +497,7 @@ struct lua_Debug { /****************************************************************************** -* Copyright (C) 1994-2020 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +* Copyright (C) 1994-2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.hpp b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.hpp similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lua.hpp rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lua.hpp diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luac.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luac.c similarity index 98% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luac.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luac.c index 56ddc41..5f4a141 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luac.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luac.c @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[]) return i; } -#define FUNCTION "(function()end)();" +#define FUNCTION "(function()end)();\n" static const char* reader(lua_State* L, void* ud, size_t* size) { @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ static const char* reader(lua_State* L, void* ud, size_t* size) } } -#define toproto(L,i) getproto(s2v(L->top+(i))) +#define toproto(L,i) getproto(s2v(L->top.p+(i))) static const Proto* combine(lua_State* L, int n) { @@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ static const Proto* combine(lua_State* L, int n) f->p[i]=toproto(L,i-n-1); if (f->p[i]->sizeupvalues>0) f->p[i]->upvalues[0].instack=0; } - f->sizelineinfo=0; return f; } } @@ -600,11 +599,11 @@ static void PrintCode(const Proto* f) if (c==0) printf("all out"); else printf("%d out",c-1); break; case OP_TAILCALL: - printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c); + printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK); printf(COMMENT "%d in",b-1); break; case OP_RETURN: - printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c); + printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK); printf(COMMENT); if (b==0) printf("all out"); else printf("%d out",b-1); break; @@ -619,7 +618,7 @@ static void PrintCode(const Proto* f) break; case OP_FORPREP: printf("%d %d",a,bx); - printf(COMMENT "to %d",pc+bx+2); + printf(COMMENT "exit to %d",pc+bx+3); break; case OP_TFORPREP: printf("%d %d",a,bx); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luaconf.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luaconf.h similarity index 91% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luaconf.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luaconf.h index bdf927e..137103e 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/luaconf.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/luaconf.h @@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ ** =================================================================== ** General Configuration File for Lua ** -** Some definitions here can be changed externally, through the -** compiler (e.g., with '-D' options). Those are protected by -** '#if !defined' guards. However, several other definitions should -** be changed directly here, either because they affect the Lua -** ABI (by making the changes here, you ensure that all software -** connected to Lua, such as C libraries, will be compiled with the -** same configuration); or because they are seldom changed. +** Some definitions here can be changed externally, through the compiler +** (e.g., with '-D' options): They are commented out or protected +** by '#if !defined' guards. However, several other definitions +** should be changed directly here, either because they affect the +** Lua ABI (by making the changes here, you ensure that all software +** connected to Lua, such as C libraries, will be compiled with the same +** configuration); or because they are seldom changed. ** ** Search for "@@" to find all configurable definitions. ** =================================================================== @@ -36,21 +36,6 @@ ** ===================================================================== */ -/* -@@ LUAI_MAXCSTACK defines the maximum depth for nested calls and -** also limits the maximum depth of other recursive algorithms in -** the implementation, such as syntactic analysis. A value too -** large may allow the interpreter to crash (C-stack overflow). -** The default value seems ok for regular machines, but may be -** too high for restricted hardware. -** The test file 'cstack.lua' may help finding a good limit. -** (It will crash with a limit too high.) -*/ -#if !defined(LUAI_MAXCSTACK) -#define LUAI_MAXCSTACK 2000 -#endif - - /* @@ LUA_USE_C89 controls the use of non-ISO-C89 features. ** Define it if you want Lua to avoid the use of a few C99 features @@ -85,6 +70,12 @@ #endif +#if defined(LUA_USE_IOS) +#define LUA_USE_POSIX +#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN +#endif + + /* @@ LUAI_IS32INT is true iff 'int' has (at least) 32 bits. */ @@ -96,26 +87,12 @@ /* ** {================================================================== -** Configuration for Number types. +** Configuration for Number types. These options should not be +** set externally, because any other code connected to Lua must +** use the same configuration. ** =================================================================== */ -/* -@@ LUA_32BITS enables Lua with 32-bit integers and 32-bit floats. -*/ -/* #define LUA_32BITS */ - - -/* -@@ LUA_C89_NUMBERS ensures that Lua uses the largest types available for -** C89 ('long' and 'double'); Windows always has '__int64', so it does -** not need to use this case. -*/ -#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) && !defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) -#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS -#endif - - /* @@ LUA_INT_TYPE defines the type for Lua integers. @@ LUA_FLOAT_TYPE defines the type for Lua floats. @@ -136,7 +113,31 @@ #define LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE 2 #define LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE 3 -#if defined(LUA_32BITS) /* { */ + +/* Default configuration ('long long' and 'double', for 64-bit Lua) */ +#define LUA_INT_DEFAULT LUA_INT_LONGLONG +#define LUA_FLOAT_DEFAULT LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE + + +/* +@@ LUA_32BITS enables Lua with 32-bit integers and 32-bit floats. +*/ +#define LUA_32BITS 0 + + +/* +@@ LUA_C89_NUMBERS ensures that Lua uses the largest types available for +** C89 ('long' and 'double'); Windows always has '__int64', so it does +** not need to use this case. +*/ +#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) && !defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) +#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS 1 +#else +#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS 0 +#endif + + +#if LUA_32BITS /* { */ /* ** 32-bit integers and 'float' */ @@ -147,26 +148,21 @@ #endif #define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT -#elif defined(LUA_C89_NUMBERS) /* }{ */ +#elif LUA_C89_NUMBERS /* }{ */ /* ** largest types available for C89 ('long' and 'double') */ #define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_LONG #define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE -#endif /* } */ +#else /* }{ */ +/* use defaults */ +#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_DEFAULT +#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_DEFAULT -/* -** default configuration for 64-bit Lua ('long long' and 'double') -*/ -#if !defined(LUA_INT_TYPE) -#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_LONGLONG -#endif +#endif /* } */ -#if !defined(LUA_FLOAT_TYPE) -#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE -#endif /* }================================================================== */ @@ -388,14 +384,13 @@ /* ** {================================================================== -** Configuration for Numbers. +** Configuration for Numbers (low-level part). ** Change these definitions if no predefined LUA_FLOAT_* / LUA_INT_* ** satisfy your needs. ** =================================================================== */ /* -@@ LUA_NUMBER is the floating-point type used by Lua. @@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of a 'default argument promotion' @@ over a floating number. @@ l_floatatt(x) corrects float attribute 'x' to the proper float type @@ -488,10 +483,7 @@ /* -@@ LUA_INTEGER is the integer type used by Lua. -** @@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the unsigned version of LUA_INTEGER. -** @@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of a 'default argument promotion' @@ over a LUA_INTEGER. @@ LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for reading/writing integers. @@ -499,7 +491,6 @@ @@ LUA_MAXINTEGER is the maximum value for a LUA_INTEGER. @@ LUA_MININTEGER is the minimum value for a LUA_INTEGER. @@ LUA_MAXUNSIGNED is the maximum value for a LUA_UNSIGNED. -@@ LUA_UNSIGNEDBITS is the number of bits in a LUA_UNSIGNED. @@ lua_integer2str converts an integer to a string. */ @@ -520,9 +511,6 @@ #define LUA_UNSIGNED unsigned LUAI_UACINT -#define LUA_UNSIGNEDBITS (sizeof(LUA_UNSIGNED) * CHAR_BIT) - - /* now the variable definitions */ #if LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_INT /* { int */ @@ -674,6 +662,34 @@ #define lua_getlocaledecpoint() (localeconv()->decimal_point[0]) #endif + +/* +** macros to improve jump prediction, used mostly for error handling +** and debug facilities. (Some macros in the Lua API use these macros. +** Define LUA_NOBUILTIN if you do not want '__builtin_expect' in your +** code.) +*/ +#if !defined(luai_likely) + +#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(LUA_NOBUILTIN) +#define luai_likely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 1)) +#define luai_unlikely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 0)) +#else +#define luai_likely(x) (x) +#define luai_unlikely(x) (x) +#endif + +#endif + + +#if defined(LUA_CORE) || defined(LUA_LIB) +/* shorter names for Lua's own use */ +#define l_likely(x) luai_likely(x) +#define l_unlikely(x) luai_unlikely(x) +#endif + + + /* }================================================================== */ @@ -718,7 +734,7 @@ ** CHANGE it if you need a different limit. This limit is arbitrary; ** its only purpose is to stop Lua from consuming unlimited stack ** space (and to reserve some numbers for pseudo-indices). -** (It must fit into max(size_t)/32.) +** (It must fit into max(size_t)/32 and max(int)/2.) */ #if LUAI_IS32INT #define LUAI_MAXSTACK 1000000 @@ -737,14 +753,15 @@ /* @@ LUA_IDSIZE gives the maximum size for the description of the source -@@ of a function in debug information. +** of a function in debug information. ** CHANGE it if you want a different size. */ #define LUA_IDSIZE 60 /* -@@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system. +@@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the initial buffer size used by the lauxlib +** buffer system. */ #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE ((int)(16 * sizeof(void*) * sizeof(lua_Number))) diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lualib.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lualib.h similarity index 94% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lualib.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lualib.h index eb08b53..2625529 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lualib.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lualib.h @@ -49,10 +49,4 @@ LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_package) (lua_State *L); LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlibs) (lua_State *L); - -#if !defined(lua_assert) -#define lua_assert(x) ((void)0) -#endif - - #endif diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lundump.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lundump.c similarity index 91% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lundump.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lundump.c index 4243678..02aed64 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lundump.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lundump.c @@ -120,7 +120,10 @@ static TString *loadStringN (LoadState *S, Proto *p) { } else { /* long string */ ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, size); /* create string */ + setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts); /* anchor it ('loadVector' can GC) */ + luaD_inctop(L); loadVector(S, getstr(ts), size); /* load directly in final place */ + L->top.p--; /* pop string */ } luaC_objbarrier(L, p, ts); return ts; @@ -200,13 +203,20 @@ static void loadProtos (LoadState *S, Proto *f) { } +/* +** Load the upvalues for a function. The names must be filled first, +** because the filling of the other fields can raise read errors and +** the creation of the error message can call an emergency collection; +** in that case all prototypes must be consistent for the GC. +*/ static void loadUpvalues (LoadState *S, Proto *f) { int i, n; n = loadInt(S); f->upvalues = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Upvaldesc); f->sizeupvalues = n; - for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { + for (i = 0; i < n; i++) /* make array valid for GC */ f->upvalues[i].name = NULL; + for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { /* following calls can raise errors */ f->upvalues[i].instack = loadByte(S); f->upvalues[i].idx = loadByte(S); f->upvalues[i].kind = loadByte(S); @@ -238,6 +248,8 @@ static void loadDebug (LoadState *S, Proto *f) { f->locvars[i].endpc = loadInt(S); } n = loadInt(S); + if (n != 0) /* does it have debug information? */ + n = f->sizeupvalues; /* must be this many */ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) f->upvalues[i].name = loadStringN(S, f); } @@ -311,7 +323,7 @@ LClosure *luaU_undump(lua_State *L, ZIO *Z, const char *name) { S.Z = Z; checkHeader(&S); cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, loadByte(&S)); - setclLvalue2s(L, L->top, cl); + setclLvalue2s(L, L->top.p, cl); luaD_inctop(L); cl->p = luaF_newproto(L); luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lundump.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lundump.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lundump.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lundump.h diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lutf8lib.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lutf8lib.c similarity index 90% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lutf8lib.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lutf8lib.c index 901d985..3a5b9bc 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lutf8lib.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lutf8lib.c @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ #define MAXUTF 0x7FFFFFFFu + +#define MSGInvalid "invalid UTF-8 code" + /* ** Integer type for decoded UTF-8 values; MAXUTF needs 31 bits. */ @@ -35,7 +38,8 @@ typedef unsigned long utfint; #endif -#define iscont(p) ((*(p) & 0xC0) == 0x80) +#define iscont(c) (((c) & 0xC0) == 0x80) +#define iscontp(p) iscont(*(p)) /* from strlib */ @@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ static const char *utf8_decode (const char *s, utfint *val, int strict) { int count = 0; /* to count number of continuation bytes */ for (; c & 0x40; c <<= 1) { /* while it needs continuation bytes... */ unsigned int cc = (unsigned char)s[++count]; /* read next byte */ - if ((cc & 0xC0) != 0x80) /* not a continuation byte? */ + if (!iscont(cc)) /* not a continuation byte? */ return NULL; /* invalid byte sequence */ res = (res << 6) | (cc & 0x3F); /* add lower 6 bits from cont. byte */ } @@ -140,7 +144,7 @@ static int codepoint (lua_State *L) { utfint code; s = utf8_decode(s, &code, !lax); if (s == NULL) - return luaL_error(L, "invalid UTF-8 code"); + return luaL_error(L, MSGInvalid); lua_pushinteger(L, code); n++; } @@ -190,16 +194,16 @@ static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) { "position out of bounds"); if (n == 0) { /* find beginning of current byte sequence */ - while (posi > 0 && iscont(s + posi)) posi--; + while (posi > 0 && iscontp(s + posi)) posi--; } else { - if (iscont(s + posi)) + if (iscontp(s + posi)) return luaL_error(L, "initial position is a continuation byte"); if (n < 0) { while (n < 0 && posi > 0) { /* move back */ do { /* find beginning of previous character */ posi--; - } while (posi > 0 && iscont(s + posi)); + } while (posi > 0 && iscontp(s + posi)); n++; } } @@ -208,7 +212,7 @@ static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) { while (n > 0 && posi < (lua_Integer)len) { do { /* find beginning of next character */ posi++; - } while (iscont(s + posi)); /* (cannot pass final '\0') */ + } while (iscontp(s + posi)); /* (cannot pass final '\0') */ n--; } } @@ -224,20 +228,17 @@ static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) { static int iter_aux (lua_State *L, int strict) { size_t len; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len); - lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, 2) - 1; - if (n < 0) /* first iteration? */ - n = 0; /* start from here */ - else if (n < (lua_Integer)len) { - n++; /* skip current byte */ - while (iscont(s + n)) n++; /* and its continuations */ + lua_Unsigned n = (lua_Unsigned)lua_tointeger(L, 2); + if (n < len) { + while (iscontp(s + n)) n++; /* go to next character */ } - if (n >= (lua_Integer)len) + if (n >= len) /* (also handles original 'n' being negative) */ return 0; /* no more codepoints */ else { utfint code; const char *next = utf8_decode(s + n, &code, strict); - if (next == NULL) - return luaL_error(L, "invalid UTF-8 code"); + if (next == NULL || iscontp(next)) + return luaL_error(L, MSGInvalid); lua_pushinteger(L, n + 1); lua_pushinteger(L, code); return 2; @@ -256,7 +257,8 @@ static int iter_auxlax (lua_State *L) { static int iter_codes (lua_State *L) { int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 2); - luaL_checkstring(L, 1); + const char *s = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); + luaL_argcheck(L, !iscontp(s), 1, MSGInvalid); lua_pushcfunction(L, lax ? iter_auxlax : iter_auxstrict); lua_pushvalue(L, 1); lua_pushinteger(L, 0); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.c similarity index 83% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.c index e7781db..8493a77 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.c +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.c @@ -229,17 +229,17 @@ static int forprep (lua_State *L, StkId ra) { count /= l_castS2U(-(step + 1)) + 1u; } /* store the counter in place of the limit (which won't be - needed anymore */ + needed anymore) */ setivalue(plimit, l_castU2S(count)); } } else { /* try making all values floats */ lua_Number init; lua_Number limit; lua_Number step; - if (unlikely(!tonumber(plimit, &limit))) + if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(plimit, &limit))) luaG_forerror(L, plimit, "limit"); - if (unlikely(!tonumber(pstep, &step))) + if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(pstep, &step))) luaG_forerror(L, pstep, "step"); - if (unlikely(!tonumber(pinit, &init))) + if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(pinit, &init))) luaG_forerror(L, pinit, "initial value"); if (step == 0) luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero"); @@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val, if (slot == NULL) { /* 't' is not a table? */ lua_assert(!ttistable(t)); tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX); - if (unlikely(notm(tm))) + if (l_unlikely(notm(tm))) luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); /* no metamethod */ /* else will try the metamethod */ } @@ -337,10 +337,7 @@ void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, lua_assert(isempty(slot)); /* slot must be empty */ tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX); /* get metamethod */ if (tm == NULL) { /* no metamethod? */ - if (isabstkey(slot)) /* no previous entry? */ - slot = luaH_newkey(L, h, key); /* create one */ - /* no metamethod and (now) there is an entry with given key */ - setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, slot), val); /* set its new value */ + luaH_finishset(L, h, key, slot, val); /* set new value */ invalidateTMcache(h); luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val); return; @@ -349,7 +346,7 @@ void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, } else { /* not a table; check metamethod */ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX); - if (unlikely(notm(tm))) + if (l_unlikely(notm(tm))) luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); } /* try the metamethod */ @@ -409,7 +406,7 @@ static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) { ** from float to int.) ** When 'f' is NaN, comparisons must result in false. */ -static int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { +l_sinline int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { if (l_intfitsf(i)) return luai_numlt(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */ else { /* i < f <=> i < ceil(f) */ @@ -426,7 +423,7 @@ static int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { ** Check whether integer 'i' is less than or equal to float 'f'. ** See comments on previous function. */ -static int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { +l_sinline int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { if (l_intfitsf(i)) return luai_numle(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */ else { /* i <= f <=> i <= floor(f) */ @@ -443,7 +440,7 @@ static int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) { ** Check whether float 'f' is less than integer 'i'. ** See comments on previous function. */ -static int LTfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { +l_sinline int LTfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { if (l_intfitsf(i)) return luai_numlt(f, cast_num(i)); /* compare them as floats */ else { /* f < i <=> floor(f) < i */ @@ -460,7 +457,7 @@ static int LTfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { ** Check whether float 'f' is less than or equal to integer 'i'. ** See comments on previous function. */ -static int LEfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { +l_sinline int LEfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { if (l_intfitsf(i)) return luai_numle(f, cast_num(i)); /* compare them as floats */ else { /* f <= i <=> ceil(f) <= i */ @@ -476,7 +473,7 @@ static int LEfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) { /* ** Return 'l < r', for numbers. */ -static int LTnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { +l_sinline int LTnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { lua_assert(ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)); if (ttisinteger(l)) { lua_Integer li = ivalue(l); @@ -498,7 +495,7 @@ static int LTnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { /* ** Return 'l <= r', for numbers. */ -static int LEnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { +l_sinline int LEnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { lua_assert(ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)); if (ttisinteger(l)) { lua_Integer li = ivalue(l); @@ -571,8 +568,13 @@ int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { if (ttype(t1) != ttype(t2) || ttype(t1) != LUA_TNUMBER) return 0; /* only numbers can be equal with different variants */ else { /* two numbers with different variants */ - lua_Integer i1, i2; /* compare them as integers */ - return (tointegerns(t1, &i1) && tointegerns(t2, &i2) && i1 == i2); + /* One of them is an integer. If the other does not have an + integer value, they cannot be equal; otherwise, compare their + integer values. */ + lua_Integer i1, i2; + return (luaV_tointegerns(t1, &i1, F2Ieq) && + luaV_tointegerns(t2, &i2, F2Ieq) && + i1 == i2); } } /* values have same type and same variant */ @@ -606,8 +608,8 @@ int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { if (tm == NULL) /* no TM? */ return 0; /* objects are different */ else { - luaT_callTMres(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top); /* call TM */ - return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top)); + luaT_callTMres(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top.p); /* call TM */ + return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p)); } } @@ -631,16 +633,17 @@ static void copy2buff (StkId top, int n, char *buff) { /* ** Main operation for concatenation: concat 'total' values in the stack, -** from 'L->top - total' up to 'L->top - 1'. +** from 'L->top.p - total' up to 'L->top.p - 1'. */ void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) { - lua_assert(total >= 2); + if (total == 1) + return; /* "all" values already concatenated */ do { - StkId top = L->top; + StkId top = L->top.p; int n = 2; /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */ if (!(ttisstring(s2v(top - 2)) || cvt2str(s2v(top - 2))) || !tostring(L, s2v(top - 1))) - luaT_tryconcatTM(L); + luaT_tryconcatTM(L); /* may invalidate 'top' */ else if (isemptystr(s2v(top - 1))) /* second operand is empty? */ cast_void(tostring(L, s2v(top - 2))); /* result is first operand */ else if (isemptystr(s2v(top - 2))) { /* first operand is empty string? */ @@ -653,8 +656,10 @@ void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) { /* collect total length and number of strings */ for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, s2v(top - n - 1)); n++) { size_t l = vslen(s2v(top - n - 1)); - if (unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE/sizeof(char)) - tl)) + if (l_unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE/sizeof(char)) - tl)) { + L->top.p = top - total; /* pop strings to avoid wasting stack */ luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow"); + } tl += l; } if (tl <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) { /* is result a short string? */ @@ -668,8 +673,8 @@ void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) { } setsvalue2s(L, top - n, ts); /* create result */ } - total -= n-1; /* got 'n' strings to create 1 new */ - L->top -= n-1; /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */ + total -= n - 1; /* got 'n' strings to create one new */ + L->top.p -= n - 1; /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */ } while (total > 1); /* repeat until only 1 result left */ } @@ -697,7 +702,7 @@ void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) { } default: { /* try metamethod */ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, rb, TM_LEN); - if (unlikely(notm(tm))) /* no metamethod? */ + if (l_unlikely(notm(tm))) /* no metamethod? */ luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of"); break; } @@ -713,7 +718,7 @@ void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) { ** otherwise 'floor(q) == trunc(q) - 1'. */ lua_Integer luaV_idiv (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) { - if (unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */ + if (l_unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */ if (n == 0) luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to divide by zero"); return intop(-, 0, m); /* n==-1; avoid overflow with 0x80000...//-1 */ @@ -733,7 +738,7 @@ lua_Integer luaV_idiv (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) { ** about luaV_idiv.) */ lua_Integer luaV_mod (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) { - if (unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */ + if (l_unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */ if (n == 0) luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to perform 'n%%0'"); return 0; /* m % -1 == 0; avoid overflow with 0x80000...%-1 */ @@ -760,11 +765,10 @@ lua_Number luaV_modf (lua_State *L, lua_Number m, lua_Number n) { /* number of bits in an integer */ #define NBITS cast_int(sizeof(lua_Integer) * CHAR_BIT) + /* ** Shift left operation. (Shift right just negates 'y'.) */ -#define luaV_shiftr(x,y) luaV_shiftl(x,-(y)) - lua_Integer luaV_shiftl (lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y) { if (y < 0) { /* shift right? */ if (y <= -NBITS) return 0; @@ -804,26 +808,26 @@ static void pushclosure (lua_State *L, Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base, */ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { CallInfo *ci = L->ci; - StkId base = ci->func + 1; + StkId base = ci->func.p + 1; Instruction inst = *(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1); /* interrupted instruction */ OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(inst); switch (op) { /* finish its execution */ case OP_MMBIN: case OP_MMBINI: case OP_MMBINK: { - setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 2)), --L->top); + setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 2)), --L->top.p); break; } case OP_UNM: case OP_BNOT: case OP_LEN: case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE: case OP_GETI: case OP_GETFIELD: case OP_SELF: { - setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top); + setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top.p); break; } case OP_LT: case OP_LE: case OP_LTI: case OP_LEI: case OP_GTI: case OP_GEI: case OP_EQ: { /* note that 'OP_EQI'/'OP_EQK' cannot yield */ - int res = !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top - 1)); - L->top--; + int res = !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); + L->top.p--; #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE) if (ci->callstatus & CIST_LEQ) { /* "<=" using "<" instead? */ ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */ @@ -836,14 +840,25 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { break; } case OP_CONCAT: { - StkId top = L->top - 1; /* top when 'luaT_tryconcatTM' was called */ + StkId top = L->top.p - 1; /* top when 'luaT_tryconcatTM' was called */ int a = GETARG_A(inst); /* first element to concatenate */ int total = cast_int(top - 1 - (base + a)); /* yet to concatenate */ setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top); /* put TM result in proper position */ - if (total > 1) { /* are there elements to concat? */ - L->top = top - 1; /* top is one after last element (at top-2) */ - luaV_concat(L, total); /* concat them (may yield again) */ - } + L->top.p = top - 1; /* top is one after last element (at top-2) */ + luaV_concat(L, total); /* concat them (may yield again) */ + break; + } + case OP_CLOSE: { /* yielded closing variables */ + ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* repeat instruction to close other vars. */ + break; + } + case OP_RETURN: { /* yielded closing variables */ + StkId ra = base + GETARG_A(inst); + /* adjust top to signal correct number of returns, in case the + return is "up to top" ('isIT') */ + L->top.p = ra + ci->u2.nres; + /* repeat instruction to close other vars. and complete the return */ + ci->u.l.savedpc--; break; } default: { @@ -883,6 +898,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** operation, 'fop' is the float operation. */ #define op_arithI(L,iop,fop) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ int imm = GETARG_sC(i); \ if (ttisinteger(v1)) { \ @@ -911,6 +927,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Arithmetic operations over floats and others with register operands. */ #define op_arithf(L,fop) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ TValue *v2 = vRC(i); \ op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); } @@ -920,8 +937,9 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Arithmetic operations with K operands for floats. */ #define op_arithfK(L,fop) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ - TValue *v2 = KC(i); \ + TValue *v2 = KC(i); lua_assert(ttisnumber(v2)); \ op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); } @@ -929,6 +947,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Arithmetic operations over integers and floats. */ #define op_arith_aux(L,v1,v2,iop,fop) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ if (ttisinteger(v1) && ttisinteger(v2)) { \ lua_Integer i1 = ivalue(v1); lua_Integer i2 = ivalue(v2); \ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, i1, i2)); \ @@ -950,7 +969,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { */ #define op_arithK(L,iop,fop) { \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ - TValue *v2 = KC(i); \ + TValue *v2 = KC(i); lua_assert(ttisnumber(v2)); \ op_arith_aux(L, v1, v2, iop, fop); } @@ -958,6 +977,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Bitwise operations with constant operand. */ #define op_bitwiseK(L,op) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ TValue *v2 = KC(i); \ lua_Integer i1; \ @@ -971,6 +991,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Bitwise operations with register operands. */ #define op_bitwise(L,op) { \ + StkId ra = RA(i); \ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \ TValue *v2 = vRC(i); \ lua_Integer i1; lua_Integer i2; \ @@ -985,18 +1006,19 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** integers. */ #define op_order(L,opi,opn,other) { \ - int cond; \ - TValue *rb = vRB(i); \ - if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra)) && ttisinteger(rb)) { \ - lua_Integer ia = ivalue(s2v(ra)); \ - lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); \ - cond = opi(ia, ib); \ - } \ - else if (ttisnumber(s2v(ra)) && ttisnumber(rb)) \ - cond = opn(s2v(ra), rb); \ - else \ - Protect(cond = other(L, s2v(ra), rb)); \ - docondjump(); } + StkId ra = RA(i); \ + int cond; \ + TValue *rb = vRB(i); \ + if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra)) && ttisinteger(rb)) { \ + lua_Integer ia = ivalue(s2v(ra)); \ + lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); \ + cond = opi(ia, ib); \ + } \ + else if (ttisnumber(s2v(ra)) && ttisnumber(rb)) \ + cond = opn(s2v(ra), rb); \ + else \ + Protect(cond = other(L, s2v(ra), rb)); \ + docondjump(); } /* @@ -1004,20 +1026,21 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** always small enough to have an exact representation as a float.) */ #define op_orderI(L,opi,opf,inv,tm) { \ - int cond; \ - int im = GETARG_sB(i); \ - if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra))) \ - cond = opi(ivalue(s2v(ra)), im); \ - else if (ttisfloat(s2v(ra))) { \ - lua_Number fa = fltvalue(s2v(ra)); \ - lua_Number fim = cast_num(im); \ - cond = opf(fa, fim); \ - } \ - else { \ - int isf = GETARG_C(i); \ - Protect(cond = luaT_callorderiTM(L, s2v(ra), im, inv, isf, tm)); \ - } \ - docondjump(); } + StkId ra = RA(i); \ + int cond; \ + int im = GETARG_sB(i); \ + if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra))) \ + cond = opi(ivalue(s2v(ra)), im); \ + else if (ttisfloat(s2v(ra))) { \ + lua_Number fa = fltvalue(s2v(ra)); \ + lua_Number fim = cast_num(im); \ + cond = opf(fa, fim); \ + } \ + else { \ + int isf = GETARG_C(i); \ + Protect(cond = luaT_callorderiTM(L, s2v(ra), im, inv, isf, tm)); \ + } \ + docondjump(); } /* }================================================================== */ @@ -1046,10 +1069,11 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { #define updatetrap(ci) (trap = ci->u.l.trap) -#define updatebase(ci) (base = ci->func + 1) +#define updatebase(ci) (base = ci->func.p + 1) -#define updatestack(ci) { if (trap) { updatebase(ci); ra = RA(i); } } +#define updatestack(ci) \ + { if (l_unlikely(trap)) { updatebase(ci); ra = RA(i); } } /* @@ -1080,7 +1104,7 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { ** Whenever code can raise errors, the global 'pc' and the global ** 'top' must be correct to report occasional errors. */ -#define savestate(L,ci) (savepc(L), L->top = ci->top) +#define savestate(L,ci) (savepc(L), L->top.p = ci->top.p) /* @@ -1093,30 +1117,25 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) { #define ProtectNT(exp) (savepc(L), (exp), updatetrap(ci)) /* -** Protect code that will finish the loop (returns) or can only raise -** errors. (That is, it will not return to the interpreter main loop -** after changing the stack or hooks.) +** Protect code that can only raise errors. (That is, it cannot change +** the stack or hooks.) */ #define halfProtect(exp) (savestate(L,ci), (exp)) -/* idem, but without changing the stack */ -#define halfProtectNT(exp) (savepc(L), (exp)) - - +/* 'c' is the limit of live values in the stack */ #define checkGC(L,c) \ - { luaC_condGC(L, L->top = (c), /* limit of live values */ \ + { luaC_condGC(L, (savepc(L), L->top.p = (c)), \ updatetrap(ci)); \ luai_threadyield(L); } /* fetch an instruction and prepare its execution */ #define vmfetch() { \ - if (trap) { /* stack reallocation or hooks? */ \ + if (l_unlikely(trap)) { /* stack reallocation or hooks? */ \ trap = luaG_traceexec(L, pc); /* handle hooks */ \ updatebase(ci); /* correct stack */ \ } \ i = *(pc++); \ - ra = RA(i); /* WARNING: any stack reallocation invalidates 'ra' */ \ } #define vmdispatch(o) switch(o) @@ -1133,68 +1152,83 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { #if LUA_USE_JUMPTABLE #include "ljumptab.h" #endif - tailcall: + startfunc: trap = L->hookmask; - cl = clLvalue(s2v(ci->func)); + returning: /* trap already set */ + cl = clLvalue(s2v(ci->func.p)); k = cl->p->k; pc = ci->u.l.savedpc; - if (trap) { - if (cl->p->is_vararg) - trap = 0; /* hooks will start after VARARGPREP instruction */ - else if (pc == cl->p->code) /* first instruction (not resuming)? */ - luaD_hookcall(L, ci); - ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* there may be other hooks */ + if (l_unlikely(trap)) { + if (pc == cl->p->code) { /* first instruction (not resuming)? */ + if (cl->p->is_vararg) + trap = 0; /* hooks will start after VARARGPREP instruction */ + else /* check 'call' hook */ + luaD_hookcall(L, ci); + } + ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* assume trap is on, for now */ } - base = ci->func + 1; + base = ci->func.p + 1; /* main loop of interpreter */ for (;;) { Instruction i; /* instruction being executed */ - StkId ra; /* instruction's A register */ vmfetch(); - lua_assert(base == ci->func + 1); - lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize); + #if 0 + /* low-level line tracing for debugging Lua */ + printf("line: %d\n", luaG_getfuncline(cl->p, pcRel(pc, cl->p))); + #endif + lua_assert(base == ci->func.p + 1); + lua_assert(base <= L->top.p && L->top.p <= L->stack_last.p); /* invalidate top for instructions not expecting it */ - lua_assert(isIT(i) || (cast_void(L->top = base), 1)); + lua_assert(isIT(i) || (cast_void(L->top.p = base), 1)); vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { vmcase(OP_MOVE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); lua_Integer b = GETARG_sBx(i); setivalue(s2v(ra), b); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADF) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int b = GETARG_sBx(i); setfltvalue(s2v(ra), cast_num(b)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADK) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = k + GETARG_Bx(i); setobj2s(L, ra, rb); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADKX) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb; rb = k + GETARG_Ax(*pc); pc++; setobj2s(L, ra, rb); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADFALSE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); setbfvalue(s2v(ra)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LFALSESKIP) { + StkId ra = RA(i); setbfvalue(s2v(ra)); pc++; /* skip next instruction */ vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADTRUE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); setbtvalue(s2v(ra)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LOADNIL) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int b = GETARG_B(i); do { setnilvalue(s2v(ra++)); @@ -1202,19 +1236,22 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int b = GETARG_B(i); - setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v); + setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v.p); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL) { + StkId ra = RA(i); UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]; - setobj(L, uv->v, s2v(ra)); + setobj(L, uv->v.p, s2v(ra)); luaC_barrier(L, uv, s2v(ra)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_GETTABUP) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; - TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v; + TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v.p; TValue *rc = KC(i); TString *key = tsvalue(rc); /* key must be a string */ if (luaV_fastget(L, upval, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) { @@ -1225,6 +1262,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_GETTABLE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = vRB(i); TValue *rc = vRC(i); @@ -1239,6 +1277,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_GETI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = vRB(i); int c = GETARG_C(i); @@ -1253,6 +1292,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_GETFIELD) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = vRB(i); TValue *rc = KC(i); @@ -1266,7 +1306,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { } vmcase(OP_SETTABUP) { const TValue *slot; - TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v; + TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v.p; TValue *rb = KB(i); TValue *rc = RKC(i); TString *key = tsvalue(rb); /* key must be a string */ @@ -1278,6 +1318,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SETTABLE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = vRB(i); /* key (table is in 'ra') */ TValue *rc = RKC(i); /* value */ @@ -1292,6 +1333,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SETI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; int c = GETARG_B(i); TValue *rc = RKC(i); @@ -1306,6 +1348,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SETFIELD) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = KB(i); TValue *rc = RKC(i); @@ -1318,6 +1361,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int b = GETARG_B(i); /* log2(hash size) + 1 */ int c = GETARG_C(i); /* array size */ Table *t; @@ -1327,7 +1371,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { if (TESTARG_k(i)) /* non-zero extra argument? */ c += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1); /* add it to size */ pc++; /* skip extra argument */ - L->top = ra + 1; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */ + L->top.p = ra + 1; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */ t = luaH_new(L); /* memory allocation */ sethvalue2s(L, ra, t); if (b != 0 || c != 0) @@ -1336,6 +1380,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SELF) { + StkId ra = RA(i); const TValue *slot; TValue *rb = vRB(i); TValue *rc = RKC(i); @@ -1365,6 +1410,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_MODK) { + savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */ op_arithK(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf); vmbreak; } @@ -1377,6 +1423,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_IDIVK) { + savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */ op_arithK(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv); vmbreak; } @@ -1393,6 +1440,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SHRI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); int ic = GETARG_sC(i); lua_Integer ib; @@ -1402,6 +1450,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_SHLI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); int ic = GETARG_sC(i); lua_Integer ib; @@ -1423,6 +1472,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_MOD) { + savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */ op_arith(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf); vmbreak; } @@ -1435,6 +1485,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_IDIV) { /* floor division */ + savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */ op_arith(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv); vmbreak; } @@ -1459,6 +1510,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_MMBIN) { + StkId ra = RA(i); Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */ TValue *rb = vRB(i); TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i); @@ -1468,6 +1520,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_MMBINI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */ int imm = GETARG_sB(i); TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i); @@ -1477,6 +1530,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_MMBINK) { + StkId ra = RA(i); Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */ TValue *imm = KB(i); TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i); @@ -1486,6 +1540,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_UNM) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); lua_Number nb; if (ttisinteger(rb)) { @@ -1500,6 +1555,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_BNOT) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); lua_Integer ib; if (tointegerns(rb, &ib)) { @@ -1510,6 +1566,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_NOT) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); if (l_isfalse(rb)) setbtvalue(s2v(ra)); @@ -1518,21 +1575,25 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_LEN) { + StkId ra = RA(i); Protect(luaV_objlen(L, ra, vRB(i))); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_CONCAT) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int n = GETARG_B(i); /* number of elements to concatenate */ - L->top = ra + n; /* mark the end of concat operands */ + L->top.p = ra + n; /* mark the end of concat operands */ ProtectNT(luaV_concat(L, n)); - checkGC(L, L->top); /* 'luaV_concat' ensures correct top */ + checkGC(L, L->top.p); /* 'luaV_concat' ensures correct top */ vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_CLOSE) { - Protect(luaF_close(L, ra, LUA_OK)); + StkId ra = RA(i); + Protect(luaF_close(L, ra, LUA_OK, 1)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_TBC) { + StkId ra = RA(i); /* create new to-be-closed upvalue */ halfProtect(luaF_newtbcupval(L, ra)); vmbreak; @@ -1542,6 +1603,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_EQ) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int cond; TValue *rb = vRB(i); Protect(cond = luaV_equalobj(L, s2v(ra), rb)); @@ -1557,6 +1619,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_EQK) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = KB(i); /* basic types do not use '__eq'; we can use raw equality */ int cond = luaV_rawequalobj(s2v(ra), rb); @@ -1564,6 +1627,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_EQI) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int cond; int im = GETARG_sB(i); if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra))) @@ -1592,11 +1656,13 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_TEST) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int cond = !l_isfalse(s2v(ra)); docondjump(); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_TESTSET) { + StkId ra = RA(i); TValue *rb = vRB(i); if (l_isfalse(rb) == GETARG_k(i)) pc++; @@ -1607,101 +1673,118 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_CALL) { + StkId ra = RA(i); + CallInfo *newci; int b = GETARG_B(i); int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1; if (b != 0) /* fixed number of arguments? */ - L->top = ra + b; /* top signals number of arguments */ + L->top.p = ra + b; /* top signals number of arguments */ /* else previous instruction set top */ - ProtectNT(luaD_call(L, ra, nresults)); + savepc(L); /* in case of errors */ + if ((newci = luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) == NULL) + updatetrap(ci); /* C call; nothing else to be done */ + else { /* Lua call: run function in this same C frame */ + ci = newci; + goto startfunc; + } vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_TAILCALL) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int b = GETARG_B(i); /* number of arguments + 1 (function) */ + int n; /* number of results when calling a C function */ int nparams1 = GETARG_C(i); - /* delat is virtual 'func' - real 'func' (vararg functions) */ + /* delta is virtual 'func' - real 'func' (vararg functions) */ int delta = (nparams1) ? ci->u.l.nextraargs + nparams1 : 0; if (b != 0) - L->top = ra + b; + L->top.p = ra + b; else /* previous instruction set top */ - b = cast_int(L->top - ra); - savepc(ci); /* some calls here can raise errors */ + b = cast_int(L->top.p - ra); + savepc(ci); /* several calls here can raise errors */ if (TESTARG_k(i)) { - /* close upvalues from current call; the compiler ensures - that there are no to-be-closed variables here, so this - call cannot change the stack */ - luaF_close(L, base, NOCLOSINGMETH); - lua_assert(base == ci->func + 1); + luaF_closeupval(L, base); /* close upvalues from current call */ + lua_assert(L->tbclist.p < base); /* no pending tbc variables */ + lua_assert(base == ci->func.p + 1); } - while (!ttisfunction(s2v(ra))) { /* not a function? */ - luaD_tryfuncTM(L, ra); /* try '__call' metamethod */ - b++; /* there is now one extra argument */ - checkstackp(L, 1, ra); + if ((n = luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, ra, b, delta)) < 0) /* Lua function? */ + goto startfunc; /* execute the callee */ + else { /* C function? */ + ci->func.p -= delta; /* restore 'func' (if vararg) */ + luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish caller */ + updatetrap(ci); /* 'luaD_poscall' can change hooks */ + goto ret; /* caller returns after the tail call */ } - if (!ttisLclosure(s2v(ra))) { /* C function? */ - luaD_call(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET); /* call it */ - updatetrap(ci); - updatestack(ci); /* stack may have been relocated */ - ci->func -= delta; - luaD_poscall(L, ci, cast_int(L->top - ra)); - return; - } - ci->func -= delta; - luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, ra, b); /* prepare call frame */ - goto tailcall; } vmcase(OP_RETURN) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int n = GETARG_B(i) - 1; /* number of results */ int nparams1 = GETARG_C(i); if (n < 0) /* not fixed? */ - n = cast_int(L->top - ra); /* get what is available */ + n = cast_int(L->top.p - ra); /* get what is available */ savepc(ci); if (TESTARG_k(i)) { /* may there be open upvalues? */ - if (L->top < ci->top) - L->top = ci->top; - luaF_close(L, base, LUA_OK); + ci->u2.nres = n; /* save number of returns */ + if (L->top.p < ci->top.p) + L->top.p = ci->top.p; + luaF_close(L, base, CLOSEKTOP, 1); updatetrap(ci); updatestack(ci); } if (nparams1) /* vararg function? */ - ci->func -= ci->u.l.nextraargs + nparams1; - L->top = ra + n; /* set call for 'luaD_poscall' */ + ci->func.p -= ci->u.l.nextraargs + nparams1; + L->top.p = ra + n; /* set call for 'luaD_poscall' */ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); - return; + updatetrap(ci); /* 'luaD_poscall' can change hooks */ + goto ret; } vmcase(OP_RETURN0) { - if (L->hookmask) { - L->top = ra; - halfProtectNT(luaD_poscall(L, ci, 0)); /* no hurry... */ + if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask)) { + StkId ra = RA(i); + L->top.p = ra; + savepc(ci); + luaD_poscall(L, ci, 0); /* no hurry... */ + trap = 1; } else { /* do the 'poscall' here */ - int nres = ci->nresults; + int nres; L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */ - L->top = base - 1; - while (nres-- > 0) - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top++)); /* all results are nil */ + L->top.p = base - 1; + for (nres = ci->nresults; l_unlikely(nres > 0); nres--) + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* all results are nil */ } - return; + goto ret; } vmcase(OP_RETURN1) { - if (L->hookmask) { - L->top = ra + 1; - halfProtectNT(luaD_poscall(L, ci, 1)); /* no hurry... */ + if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask)) { + StkId ra = RA(i); + L->top.p = ra + 1; + savepc(ci); + luaD_poscall(L, ci, 1); /* no hurry... */ + trap = 1; } else { /* do the 'poscall' here */ int nres = ci->nresults; L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */ if (nres == 0) - L->top = base - 1; /* asked for no results */ + L->top.p = base - 1; /* asked for no results */ else { + StkId ra = RA(i); setobjs2s(L, base - 1, ra); /* at least this result */ - L->top = base; - while (--nres > 0) /* complete missing results */ - setnilvalue(s2v(L->top++)); + L->top.p = base; + for (; l_unlikely(nres > 1); nres--) + setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* complete missing results */ } } - return; + ret: /* return from a Lua function */ + if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FRESH) + return; /* end this frame */ + else { + ci = ci->previous; + goto returning; /* continue running caller in this frame */ + } } vmcase(OP_FORLOOP) { + StkId ra = RA(i); if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra + 2))) { /* integer loop? */ lua_Unsigned count = l_castS2U(ivalue(s2v(ra + 1))); if (count > 0) { /* still more iterations? */ @@ -1720,12 +1803,14 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_FORPREP) { + StkId ra = RA(i); savestate(L, ci); /* in case of errors */ if (forprep(L, ra)) pc += GETARG_Bx(i) + 1; /* skip the loop */ vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_TFORPREP) { + StkId ra = RA(i); /* create to-be-closed upvalue (if needed) */ halfProtect(luaF_newtbcupval(L, ra + 3)); pc += GETARG_Bx(i); @@ -1734,7 +1819,8 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { goto l_tforcall; } vmcase(OP_TFORCALL) { - l_tforcall: + l_tforcall: { + StkId ra = RA(i); /* 'ra' has the iterator function, 'ra + 1' has the state, 'ra + 2' has the control variable, and 'ra + 3' has the to-be-closed variable. The call will use the stack after @@ -1742,29 +1828,31 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { */ /* push function, state, and control variable */ memcpy(ra + 4, ra, 3 * sizeof(*ra)); - L->top = ra + 4 + 3; + L->top.p = ra + 4 + 3; ProtectNT(luaD_call(L, ra + 4, GETARG_C(i))); /* do the call */ updatestack(ci); /* stack may have changed */ i = *(pc++); /* go to next instruction */ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP && ra == RA(i)); goto l_tforloop; - } + }} vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP) { - l_tforloop: + l_tforloop: { + StkId ra = RA(i); if (!ttisnil(s2v(ra + 4))) { /* continue loop? */ setobjs2s(L, ra + 2, ra + 4); /* save control variable */ pc -= GETARG_Bx(i); /* jump back */ } vmbreak; - } + }} vmcase(OP_SETLIST) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int n = GETARG_B(i); unsigned int last = GETARG_C(i); Table *h = hvalue(s2v(ra)); if (n == 0) - n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1; /* get up to the top */ + n = cast_int(L->top.p - ra) - 1; /* get up to the top */ else - L->top = ci->top; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */ + L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */ last += n; if (TESTARG_k(i)) { last += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1); @@ -1781,22 +1869,23 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) { vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_CLOSURE) { + StkId ra = RA(i); Proto *p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)]; halfProtect(pushclosure(L, p, cl->upvals, base, ra)); checkGC(L, ra + 1); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_VARARG) { + StkId ra = RA(i); int n = GETARG_C(i) - 1; /* required results */ Protect(luaT_getvarargs(L, ci, ra, n)); vmbreak; } vmcase(OP_VARARGPREP) { - luaT_adjustvarargs(L, GETARG_A(i), ci, cl->p); - updatetrap(ci); - if (trap) { + ProtectNT(luaT_adjustvarargs(L, GETARG_A(i), ci, cl->p)); + if (l_unlikely(trap)) { /* previous "Protect" updated trap */ luaD_hookcall(L, ci); - L->oldpc = pc + 1; /* next opcode will be seen as a "new" line */ + L->oldpc = 1; /* next opcode will be seen as a "new" line */ } updatebase(ci); /* function has new base after adjustment */ vmbreak; diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.h similarity index 92% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.h index 2d4ac16..dba1ad2 100644 --- a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lvm.h +++ b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lvm.h @@ -60,12 +60,14 @@ typedef enum { /* convert an object to an integer (including string coercion) */ #define tointeger(o,i) \ - (ttisinteger(o) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) : luaV_tointeger(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I)) + (l_likely(ttisinteger(o)) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) \ + : luaV_tointeger(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I)) /* convert an object to an integer (without string coercion) */ #define tointegerns(o,i) \ - (ttisinteger(o) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) : luaV_tointegerns(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I)) + (l_likely(ttisinteger(o)) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) \ + : luaV_tointegerns(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I)) #define intop(op,v1,v2) l_castU2S(l_castS2U(v1) op l_castS2U(v2)) @@ -108,6 +110,11 @@ typedef enum { luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), v); } +/* +** Shift right is the same as shift left with a negative 'y' +*/ +#define luaV_shiftr(x,y) luaV_shiftl(x,intop(-, 0, y)) + LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2); diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lzio.c b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lzio.c similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lzio.c rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lzio.c diff --git a/third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lzio.h b/third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lzio.h similarity index 100% rename from third-party/lua-5.4.0/src/lzio.h rename to third-party/lua-5.4.6/src/lzio.h