diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Data/Entity/ShiftPattern.swift b/ShiftWindow/Data/Entity/ShiftPattern.swift
index f3f47f9..9af29ac 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Data/Entity/ShiftPattern.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Data/Entity/ShiftPattern.swift
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import AppKit
 import SwiftUI
 import SpiceKey
 
-final class ShiftPattern: Codable {
+struct ShiftPattern: Codable {
     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case shiftType
         case spiceKeyData
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Domain/Model/ShortcutModel.swift b/ShiftWindow/Domain/Model/ShortcutModel.swift
index c09d14b..aa0633f 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Domain/Model/ShortcutModel.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Domain/Model/ShortcutModel.swift
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import SpiceKey
 protocol ShortcutModel: AnyObject {
     var showPanelPublisher: AnyPublisher<String, Never> { get }
     var fadeOutPanelPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> { get }
-    var updatePatternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> { get }
+    var patternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> { get }
 
     func initializeShortcuts()
     func updateShortcut(id: String, keyCombo: KeyCombination)
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ final class ShortcutModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
     var fadeOutPanelPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
         return fadeOutPanelSubject.eraseToAnyPublisher()
     }
-    private let updatePatternsSubject = PassthroughSubject<Void, Never>()
-    var updatePatternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
-        return updatePatternsSubject.eraseToAnyPublisher()
+    private let patternsSubject = CurrentValueSubject<[ShiftPattern], Never>([])
+    var patternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> {
+        return patternsSubject.eraseToAnyPublisher()
     }
 
     private let userDefaultsRepository: UR
@@ -53,10 +53,11 @@ final class ShortcutModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
     init(_ userDefaultsRepository: UR, _ shiftModel: SM) {
         self.userDefaultsRepository = userDefaultsRepository
         self.shiftModel = shiftModel
+        self.patternsSubject.value = userDefaultsRepository.patterns
     }
 
     func initializeShortcuts() {
-        userDefaultsRepository.patterns.forEach { pattern in
+        patternsSubject.value.forEach { pattern in
             guard let keyCombo = pattern.spiceKeyData?.keyCombination else { return }
             let spiceKey = SpiceKey(keyCombo) { [weak self] in
                 self?.showPanelSubject.send(keyCombo.string)
@@ -69,9 +70,13 @@ final class ShortcutModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
         }
     }
 
+    private func getIndex(id: String) -> Int? {
+        return patternsSubject.value.firstIndex(where: { $0.shiftType.id == id })
+    }
+
     func updateShortcut(id: String, keyCombo: KeyCombination) {
-        let patterns = userDefaultsRepository.patterns
-        guard let pattern = patterns.first(where: { $0.shiftType.id == id }) else { return }
+        guard let index = getIndex(id: id) else { return }
+        let pattern = patternsSubject.value[index]
         let spiceKey = SpiceKey(keyCombo) { [weak self] in
             self?.showPanelSubject.send(keyCombo.string)
             self?.shiftModel.shiftWindow(shiftType: pattern.shiftType)
@@ -79,18 +84,18 @@ final class ShortcutModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
             self?.fadeOutPanelSubject.send(())
         }
         spiceKey.register()
-        pattern.spiceKeyData = SpiceKeyData(id, keyCombo.key, keyCombo.modifierFlags, spiceKey)
-        userDefaultsRepository.patterns = patterns
-        updatePatternsSubject.send(())
+        patternsSubject.value[index].spiceKeyData = SpiceKeyData(id,
+                                                                 keyCombo.key,
+                                                                 keyCombo.modifierFlags,
+                                                                 spiceKey)
+        userDefaultsRepository.patterns = patternsSubject.value
     }
 
     func removeShortcut(id: String) {
-        let patterns = userDefaultsRepository.patterns
-        guard let pattern = patterns.first(where: { $0.shiftType.id == id }) else { return }
-        pattern.spiceKeyData?.spiceKey?.unregister()
-        pattern.spiceKeyData = nil
-        userDefaultsRepository.patterns = patterns
-        updatePatternsSubject.send(())
+        guard let index = getIndex(id: id) else { return }
+        patternsSubject.value[index].spiceKeyData?.spiceKey?.unregister()
+        patternsSubject.value[index].spiceKeyData = nil
+        userDefaultsRepository.patterns = patternsSubject.value
     }
 }
 
@@ -103,8 +108,8 @@ extension PreviewMock {
         var fadeOutPanelPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
             Just(()).eraseToAnyPublisher()
         }
-        var updatePatternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
-            Just(()).eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        var patternsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> {
+            Just([]).eraseToAnyPublisher()
         }
 
         func initializeShortcuts() {}
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ShiftWindowAppModel.swift b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ShiftWindowAppModel.swift
index cc94e9d..669d515 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ShiftWindowAppModel.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ShiftWindowAppModel.swift
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ final class ShiftWindowAppModelImpl: NSObject, ShiftWindowAppModel {
     typealias SCM = ShortcutModelImpl
     typealias SCMConcrete = SCM<UR, ShiftModelImpl>
     typealias WMConcrete = WindowModelImpl<UR, SCMConcrete>
-    typealias MMConcrete = MenuBarModelImpl<UR, ShiftModelImpl, SCMConcrete, WMConcrete>
+    typealias MMConcrete = MenuBarModelImpl<ShiftModelImpl, SCMConcrete, WMConcrete>
 
     @Published var settingsTab: SettingsTabType = .general
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ final class ShiftWindowAppModelImpl: NSObject, ShiftWindowAppModel {
         shiftModel = ShiftModelImpl()
         shortcutModel = SCM(userDefaultsRepository, shiftModel)
         windowModel = WindowModelImpl(userDefaultsRepository, shortcutModel)
-        menuBarModel = MenuBarModelImpl(userDefaultsRepository, shiftModel, shortcutModel, windowModel)
+        menuBarModel = MenuBarModelImpl(shiftModel, shortcutModel, windowModel)
         super.init()
 
         NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: NSApplication.didFinishLaunchingNotification)
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/MenuBarModel.swift b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/MenuBarModel.swift
index f0e9b76..25fe836 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/MenuBarModel.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/MenuBarModel.swift
@@ -22,9 +22,8 @@ import AppKit
 import Combine
 
 protocol MenuBarModel: AnyObject {
-    var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> { get }
+    var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> { get }
     var resetIconsVisiblePublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> { get }
-    var patterns: [ShiftPattern] { get }
 
     func shiftWindow(shiftType: ShiftType)
     func toggleIconsVisible(flag: Bool)
@@ -34,40 +33,33 @@ protocol MenuBarModel: AnyObject {
     func terminateApp()
 }
 
-final class MenuBarModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
-                             SM: ShiftModel,
+final class MenuBarModelImpl<SM: ShiftModel,
                              SCM: ShortcutModel,
                              WM: WindowModel>: NSObject, MenuBarModel {
-    private let updateMenuItemsSubject = PassthroughSubject<Void, Never>()
-    var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
+    private let updateMenuItemsSubject = CurrentValueSubject<[ShiftPattern], Never>([])
+    var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> {
         return updateMenuItemsSubject.eraseToAnyPublisher()
     }
     private let resetIconsVisibleSubject = PassthroughSubject<Void, Never>()
     var resetIconsVisiblePublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
         return resetIconsVisibleSubject.eraseToAnyPublisher()
     }
-    var patterns: [ShiftPattern] {
-        return userDefaultsRepository.patterns
-    }
 
-    private let userDefaultsRepository: UR
     private let shiftModel: SM
     private let windowModel: WM
     private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
 
     init(
-        _ userDefaultsRepository: UR,
         _ shiftModel: SM,
         _ shortcutModel: SCM,
         _ windowModel: WM
     ) {
-        self.userDefaultsRepository = userDefaultsRepository
         self.shiftModel = shiftModel
         self.windowModel = windowModel
         super.init()
-        shortcutModel.updatePatternsPublisher
-            .sink { [weak self] in
-                self?.updateMenuItemsSubject.send(())
+        shortcutModel.patternsPublisher
+            .sink { [weak self] patterns in
+                self?.updateMenuItemsSubject.send(patterns)
             }
             .store(in: &cancellables)
     }
@@ -107,13 +99,12 @@ final class MenuBarModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
 // MARK: - Preview Mock
 extension PreviewMock {
     final class MenuBarModelMock: MenuBarModel {
-        var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
-            Just(()).eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        var updateMenuItemsPublisher: AnyPublisher<[ShiftPattern], Never> {
+            Just(ShiftPattern.defaults).eraseToAnyPublisher()
         }
         var resetIconsVisiblePublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never> {
             Just(()).eraseToAnyPublisher()
         }
-        let patterns: [ShiftPattern] = ShiftPattern.defaults
 
         func shiftWindow(shiftType: ShiftType) {}
         func toggleIconsVisible(flag: Bool) {}
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/ShortcutSettingsViewModel.swift b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/ShortcutSettingsViewModel.swift
index 8698ce3..a48d6e3 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/ShortcutSettingsViewModel.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/ShortcutSettingsViewModel.swift
@@ -50,14 +50,12 @@ final class ShortcutSettingsViewModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
     ) {
         self.userDefaultsRepository = userDefaultsRepository as! UR
         self.shortcutModel = shortcutModel as! SCM
-        patterns = userDefaultsRepository.patterns
+        patterns =  userDefaultsRepository.patterns
         showShortcutPanel = userDefaultsRepository.showShortcutPanel
-        shortcutModel.updatePatternsPublisher
+        shortcutModel.patternsPublisher
             .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
-            .sink { [weak self] in
-                if let self {
-                    self.patterns = self.userDefaultsRepository.patterns
-                }
+            .sink { [weak self] patterns in
+                self?.patterns = patterns
             }
             .store(in: &cancellables)
     }
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/WindowModel.swift b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/WindowModel.swift
index afca9d6..25fbd21 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/WindowModel.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Domain/ViewModel/WindowModel.swift
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ final class WindowModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
         self.shortcutModel = shortcutModel
         super.init()
 
-        self.shortcutModel.showPanelPublisher
+        shortcutModel.showPanelPublisher
             .sink { [weak self] keyEquivalent in
                 self?.showShortcutPanel(keyEquivalent: keyEquivalent)
             }
             .store(in: &cancellables)
-        self.shortcutModel.fadeOutPanelPublisher
+        shortcutModel.fadeOutPanelPublisher
             .sink { [weak self] in
                 self?.shortcutPanel?.fadeOut()
             }
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ final class WindowModelImpl<UR: UserDefaultsRepository,
         }
     }
 
-    // NSWindowDelegate
+    // MARK: NSWindowDelegate
     func windowWillClose(_ notification: Notification) {
         guard let window = notification.object as? NSWindow else { return }
         if window === shortcutPanel {
diff --git a/ShiftWindow/Presentation/View/MenuBar.swift b/ShiftWindow/Presentation/View/MenuBar.swift
index b99b0b3..04dc4fa 100644
--- a/ShiftWindow/Presentation/View/MenuBar.swift
+++ b/ShiftWindow/Presentation/View/MenuBar.swift
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ final class MenuBar<MM: MenuBarModel>: NSObject {
     init(menuBarModel: MM) {
         self.menuBarModel = menuBarModel
         super.init()
-
-        menuBarModel.patterns.forEach { pattern in
+        ShiftPattern.defaults.forEach { pattern in
             let item = ShiftMenuItem(pattern: pattern,
                                      action: #selector(shiftWindow(_:)),
                                      target: self)
@@ -64,8 +63,8 @@ final class MenuBar<MM: MenuBarModel>: NSObject {
         statusItem.menu = menu
 
         menuBarModel.updateMenuItemsPublisher
-            .sink { [weak self] in
-                self?.updateMenuItems()
+            .sink { [weak self] patterns in
+                self?.updateMenuItems(patterns)
             }
             .store(in: &cancellables)
         menuBarModel.resetIconsVisiblePublisher
@@ -100,9 +99,9 @@ final class MenuBar<MM: MenuBarModel>: NSObject {
         menuBarModel.terminateApp()
     }
 
-    func updateMenuItems() {
+    func updateMenuItems(_ patterns: [ShiftPattern]) {
         let items = menu.items.compactMap { $0 as? ShiftMenuItem }
-        for (pattern, item) in zip(menuBarModel.patterns, items) {
+        for (pattern, item) in zip(patterns, items) {
             item.update(pattern)
         }
     }