diff --git a/packages/circuits/circom/anon/pollJoining.circom b/packages/circuits/circom/anon/pollJoining.circom
index 29358356b..4931b6665 100644
--- a/packages/circuits/circom/anon/pollJoining.circom
+++ b/packages/circuits/circom/anon/pollJoining.circom
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ template PollJoining(stateTreeDepth) {
 
     // User's private key
     signal input privKey;
-    // Poll's private key
-    signal input pollPrivKey;
     // Poll's public key
     signal input pollPubKey[2];
     // Siblings
@@ -37,18 +35,17 @@ template PollJoining(stateTreeDepth) {
     // Hash the public key
     var pubKeyHash = PoseidonHasher(2)([derivedPubKey[0], derivedPubKey[1]]);
 
-    // Poll private to public key to verify the correct one is used to join the poll (public input)
-    var derivedPollPubKey[2] = PrivToPubKey()(pollPrivKey);
-    derivedPollPubKey[0] === pollPubKey[0];
-    derivedPollPubKey[1] === pollPubKey[1];
+    // Ensure the poll public key is the same as the maci one (public input)
+    derivedPubKey[0] === pollPubKey[0];
+    derivedPubKey[1] === pollPubKey[1];
 
     // Inclusion proof  
-    var stateLeafQip = BinaryMerkleRoot(stateTreeDepth)(
+    var calculatedRoot = BinaryMerkleRoot(stateTreeDepth)(
         pubKeyHash,
         actualStateTreeDepth,
         indices,
         siblings
     );
 
-    stateLeafQip === stateRoot;
+    calculatedRoot === stateRoot;
 }
diff --git a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/PollJoining.test.ts b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/PollJoining.test.ts
index 5161ab388..43fff8456 100644
--- a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/PollJoining.test.ts
+++ b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/PollJoining.test.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ describe("Poll Joining circuit", function test() {
 
   type PollJoiningCircuitInputs = [
     "privKey",
-    "pollPrivKey",
     "pollPubKey",
     "stateLeaf",
     "siblings",
@@ -42,7 +41,6 @@ describe("Poll Joining circuit", function test() {
     let pollId: bigint;
     let poll: Poll;
     let users: Keypair[];
-    const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
     const messages: Message[] = [];
     const commands: PCommand[] = [];
 
@@ -65,24 +63,24 @@ describe("Poll Joining circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = users[0];
+      const { privKey, pubKey } = users[0];
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
 
-      const stateIndex = BigInt(poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pollPubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp));
+      const stateIndex = BigInt(poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp));
 
       // First command (valid)
       const command = new PCommand(
         stateIndex,
-        pollPubKey,
+        pubKey,
         BigInt(0), // voteOptionIndex,
         BigInt(9), // vote weight
         BigInt(1), // nonce
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -97,13 +95,12 @@ describe("Poll Joining circuit", function test() {
     });
 
     it("should produce a proof", async () => {
-      const privateKey = users[0].privKey;
+      const { privKey: privateKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = users[0];
       const stateLeafIndex = BigInt(1);
 
       const inputs = poll.joiningCircuitInputs({
         maciPrivKey: privateKey,
         stateLeafIndex,
-        pollPrivKey,
         pollPubKey,
       }) as unknown as IPollJoiningInputs;
       const witness = await circuit.calculateWitness(inputs);
@@ -111,13 +108,12 @@ describe("Poll Joining circuit", function test() {
     });
 
     it("should fail for fake witness", async () => {
-      const privateKey = users[0].privKey;
+      const { privKey: privateKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = users[0];
       const stateLeafIndex = BigInt(1);
 
       const inputs = poll.joiningCircuitInputs({
         maciPrivKey: privateKey,
         stateLeafIndex,
-        pollPrivKey,
         pollPubKey,
       }) as unknown as IPollJoiningInputs;
       const witness = await circuit.calculateWitness(inputs);
diff --git a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/ProcessMessages.test.ts b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/ProcessMessages.test.ts
index d252a86e3..9c93ec48f 100644
--- a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/ProcessMessages.test.ts
+++ b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/ProcessMessages.test.ts
@@ -68,11 +68,9 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
     before(() => {
       // Sign up and publish
       const users = new Array(5).fill(0).map(() => new Keypair());
-      const pollKeys: Keypair[] = [];
 
       users.forEach((userKeypair) => {
         maciState.signUp(userKeypair.pubKey);
-        pollKeys.push(new Keypair());
       });
 
       pollId = maciState.deployPoll(
@@ -88,7 +86,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       // Join the poll
       for (let i = 0; i < users.length; i += 1) {
         const { privKey } = users[i];
-        const { pubKey: pollPubKey } = pollKeys[i];
+        const { pubKey: pollPubKey } = users[i];
 
         const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
         const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -119,14 +117,14 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       // First command (valid)
       const command = new PCommand(
         5n,
-        pollKeys[4].pubKey,
+        users[4].pubKey,
         voteOptionIndex, // voteOptionIndex,
         voteWeight, // vote weight
         BigInt(2), // nonce
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollKeys[4].privKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(users[4].privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -172,8 +170,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -190,7 +187,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(1), // nonce
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
-      const signature2 = command2.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature2 = command2.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair2 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey2 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair2.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -277,8 +274,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(1);
@@ -294,7 +290,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -360,16 +356,13 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
 
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(1);
 
       const stateIndex = poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pollPubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp);
 
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey2, pubKey: pollPubKey2 } = new Keypair();
-
       // Vote for option 0
       const command = new PCommand(
         BigInt(stateIndex), // BigInt(1),
@@ -380,7 +373,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -399,7 +392,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(2), // nonce
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
-      const signature2 = command2.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature2 = command2.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair2 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey2 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair2.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -411,14 +404,14 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       // Change key
       const command3 = new PCommand(
         BigInt(stateIndex), // BigInt(1),
-        pollPubKey2,
+        pollPubKey,
         BigInt(1), // voteOptionIndex,
         BigInt(0), // vote weight
         BigInt(1), // nonce
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature3 = command3.sign(pollPrivKey2);
+      const signature3 = command3.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair3 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey3 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair3.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -483,8 +476,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -503,7 +495,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
           BigInt(pollId),
         );
 
-        const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+        const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
         const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
         const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -547,8 +539,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -585,7 +576,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         pollId,
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -604,7 +595,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         1n, // nonce
         pollId,
       );
-      const signature2 = command2.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature2 = command2.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair2 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey2 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair2.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -670,8 +661,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -708,7 +698,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         pollId,
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -732,7 +722,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         1n, // nonce
         pollId,
       );
-      const signature2 = command2.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature2 = command2.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair2 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey2 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair2.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -800,8 +790,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
+      const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
 
       const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
@@ -837,7 +826,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         pollId,
       );
 
-      const signatureFinal = commandFinal.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signatureFinal = commandFinal.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypairFinal = new Keypair();
       const sharedKeyFinal = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypairFinal.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -857,7 +846,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         pollId,
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -881,7 +870,7 @@ describe("ProcessMessage circuit", function test() {
         1n, // nonce
         pollId,
       );
-      const signature2 = command2.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature2 = command2.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair2 = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey2 = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair2.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
diff --git a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/TallyVotes.test.ts b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/TallyVotes.test.ts
index d9ae595ee..5820fb9f5 100644
--- a/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/TallyVotes.test.ts
+++ b/packages/circuits/ts/__tests__/TallyVotes.test.ts
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
 
   let circuitNonQv: WitnessTester<TallyVotesCircuitInputs>;
 
+  const userKeypair = new Keypair();
+  const { privKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = userKeypair;
+
   before(async () => {
     circuit = await circomkitInstance.WitnessTester("tallyVotes", {
       file: "./core/qv/tallyVotes",
@@ -72,7 +75,6 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
       const messages: Message[] = [];
       const commands: PCommand[] = [];
       // Sign up and publish
-      const userKeypair = new Keypair();
       maciState.signUp(userKeypair.pubKey);
 
       pollId = maciState.deployPoll(
@@ -86,10 +88,7 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
-
-      const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
+      const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString()), pollId]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
 
       stateIndex = BigInt(poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pollPubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp));
@@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -152,7 +151,6 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
       const messages: Message[] = [];
       const commands: PCommand[] = [];
       // Sign up and publish
-      const userKeypair = new Keypair();
       maciState.signUp(userKeypair.pubKey);
 
       pollId = maciState.deployPoll(
@@ -166,10 +164,7 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
       poll.updatePoll(BigInt(maciState.pubKeys.length));
 
       // Join the poll
-      const { privKey } = userKeypair;
-      const { privKey: pollPrivKey, pubKey: pollPubKey } = new Keypair();
-
-      const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
+      const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString()), pollId]);
       const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
 
       stateIndex = BigInt(poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pollPubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp));
@@ -184,7 +179,7 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
         BigInt(pollId),
       );
 
-      const signature = command.sign(pollPrivKey);
+      const signature = command.sign(privKey);
 
       const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
       const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
@@ -227,13 +222,11 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
     it("should produce the correct state root and ballot root", async () => {
       const maciState = new MaciState(STATE_TREE_DEPTH);
       const userKeypairs: Keypair[] = [];
-      const pollKeypairs: Keypair[] = [];
 
       // Sign up
       for (let i = 0; i < x; i += 1) {
         const k = new Keypair();
         userKeypairs.push(k);
-        pollKeypairs.push(new Keypair());
         maciState.signUp(k.pubKey);
       }
 
@@ -255,7 +248,7 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
         const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(privKey.rawPrivKey.toString())]);
         const timestamp = BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
 
-        poll.joinPoll(nullifier, pollKeypairs[i].pubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp);
+        poll.joinPoll(nullifier, userKeypairs[i].pubKey, voiceCreditBalance, timestamp);
       }
 
       // Commands
@@ -263,14 +256,14 @@ describe("TallyVotes circuit", function test() {
       for (let i = 0; i < numMessages; i += 1) {
         const command = new PCommand(
           BigInt(i),
-          pollKeypairs[i].pubKey,
+          userKeypairs[i].pubKey,
           BigInt(i), // vote option index
           BigInt(1), // vote weight
           BigInt(1), // nonce
           BigInt(pollId),
         );
 
-        const signature = command.sign(pollKeypairs[i].privKey);
+        const signature = command.sign(userKeypairs[i].privKey);
 
         const ecdhKeypair = new Keypair();
         const sharedKey = Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(ecdhKeypair.privKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey);
diff --git a/packages/circuits/ts/types.ts b/packages/circuits/ts/types.ts
index 2d9bdba10..97a9d4061 100644
--- a/packages/circuits/ts/types.ts
+++ b/packages/circuits/ts/types.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ export interface IGenProofOptions {
  */
 export interface IPollJoiningInputs {
   privKey: bigint;
-  pollPrivKey: bigint;
   pollPubKey: bigint[][];
   stateLeaf: bigint[];
   siblings: bigint[][];
diff --git a/packages/cli/tests/e2e/e2e.test.ts b/packages/cli/tests/e2e/e2e.test.ts
index bc9e1fa34..95b97779d 100644
--- a/packages/cli/tests/e2e/e2e.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/tests/e2e/e2e.test.ts
@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -193,7 +192,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -266,7 +264,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         await joinPoll({
           maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
           privateKey: users[i].privKey.serialize(),
-          pollPrivKey: pollKeys[i].privKey.serialize(),
           stateIndex: BigInt(i + 1),
           pollId: 0n,
           pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -282,7 +279,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
     it("should publish eight messages", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 2n,
@@ -290,11 +287,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 4n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 2n,
@@ -302,11 +299,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 3n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -314,11 +311,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[1].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[1].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 2n,
         voteOptionIndex: 2n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -326,11 +323,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[1].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[1].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[2].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[2].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 3n,
         voteOptionIndex: 2n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -338,11 +335,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[2].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[2].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[3].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[3].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         voteOptionIndex: 2n,
         nonce: 3n,
@@ -350,11 +347,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 3n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[3].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[3].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         voteOptionIndex: 2n,
         nonce: 2n,
@@ -362,11 +359,11 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 2n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[3].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[3].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         voteOptionIndex: 1n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -374,7 +371,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
@@ -439,7 +436,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         await joinPoll({
           maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
           privateKey: users[i].privKey.serialize(),
-          pollPrivKey: pollKeys[i].privKey.serialize(),
           stateIndex: BigInt(i + 1),
           pollId: 0n,
           pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -455,7 +451,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
     it("should publish one message", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -463,7 +459,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
@@ -504,7 +500,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -574,7 +569,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         await joinPoll({
           maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
           privateKey: users[i].privKey.serialize(),
-          pollPrivKey: pollKeys[i].privKey.serialize(),
           stateIndex: BigInt(i + 1),
           pollId: 0n,
           pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -592,53 +586,53 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       // publish four different messages
       await publish({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
-        pubkey: pollKeys[1].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[1].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 2n,
         voteOptionIndex: 1n,
         nonce: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[1].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[1].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
-        pubkey: pollKeys[2].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[2].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 3n,
         voteOptionIndex: 2n,
         nonce: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[2].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[2].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
-        pubkey: pollKeys[3].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[3].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         voteOptionIndex: 3n,
         nonce: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
@@ -681,7 +675,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -724,7 +717,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 1n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -780,7 +772,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -794,7 +785,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
       // publish
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -802,7 +793,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
@@ -814,7 +805,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: users[1].privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys[1].privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 2n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -852,7 +842,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: users[2].privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys[2].privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         pollId: 1n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -867,7 +856,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 5n,
         pollId: 1n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -882,7 +870,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
     it("should publish a new message from the first poll voter", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -890,14 +878,14 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 7n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
 
     it("should publish a new message by the new poll voters", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[1].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[1].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -905,7 +893,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 7n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[1].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[1].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
@@ -976,7 +964,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         await joinPoll({
           maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
           privateKey: users[i].privKey.serialize(),
-          pollPrivKey: pollKeys[i].privKey.serialize(),
           stateIndex: BigInt(i + 1),
           pollId: 0n,
           pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -991,7 +978,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         const { isJoined, pollStateIndex } = await isJoinedUser({
           maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
           pollId: 0n,
-          pollPubKey: pollKeys[i].pubKey.serialize(),
+          pollPubKey: users[i].pubKey.serialize(),
           signer,
           startBlock: 0,
           quiet: true,
@@ -1003,7 +990,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
       // publish
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1011,7 +998,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
@@ -1039,7 +1026,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
           await joinPoll({
             maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
             privateKey: users[i].privKey.serialize(),
-            pollPrivKey: pollKeys[i].privKey.serialize(),
             stateIndex: BigInt(i + 1),
             pollId: BigInt(p),
             pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -1054,7 +1040,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
           const { isJoined, pollStateIndex } = await isJoinedUser({
             maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
             pollId: BigInt(p),
-            pollPubKey: pollKeys[i].pubKey.serialize(),
+            pollPubKey: users[i].pubKey.serialize(),
             signer,
             startBlock: 0,
             quiet: true,
@@ -1068,7 +1054,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
 
     it("should publish messages to the second poll", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[0].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[0].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         voteOptionIndex: 0n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1076,12 +1062,12 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[0].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[0].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[1].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[1].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 2n,
         voteOptionIndex: 3n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1089,12 +1075,12 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 1n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[1].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[1].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[2].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[2].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 3n,
         voteOptionIndex: 5n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1102,14 +1088,14 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 3n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[2].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[2].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
 
     it("should publish messages to the third poll", async () => {
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[3].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[3].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 3n,
         voteOptionIndex: 5n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1117,12 +1103,12 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 3n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[3].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[3].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[4].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[4].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 4n,
         voteOptionIndex: 7n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1130,12 +1116,12 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 2n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[4].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[4].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
 
       await publish({
-        pubkey: pollKeys[5].pubKey.serialize(),
+        pubkey: users[5].pubKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 5n,
         voteOptionIndex: 5n,
         nonce: 1n,
@@ -1143,7 +1129,7 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
         newVoteWeight: 9n,
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         salt: genRandomSalt(),
-        privateKey: pollKeys[5].privKey.serialize(),
+        privateKey: users[5].privKey.serialize(),
         signer,
       });
     });
@@ -1217,7 +1203,6 @@ describe("e2e tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollKeys.privKey.serialize(),
         stateIndex: 1n,
         pollId: 0n,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
diff --git a/packages/cli/tests/e2e/keyChange.test.ts b/packages/cli/tests/e2e/keyChange.test.ts
index 4513607df..ba9e16375 100644
--- a/packages/cli/tests/e2e/keyChange.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/tests/e2e/keyChange.test.ts
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ describe("keyChange tests", function test() {
     });
 
     const user1Keypair = new Keypair();
-    const { privKey: pollPrivKey1, pubKey: pollPubKey1 } = new Keypair();
+    const { privKey: pollPrivKey1, pubKey: pollPubKey1 } = user1Keypair;
     const { pubKey: pollPubKey2 } = new Keypair();
 
     const initialNonce = 1n;
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ describe("keyChange tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user1Keypair.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollPrivKey1.serialize(),
         stateIndex,
         pollId,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ describe("keyChange tests", function test() {
     });
 
     const user1Keypair = new Keypair();
-    const { privKey: pollPrivKey1, pubKey: pollPubKey1 } = new Keypair();
+    const { privKey: pollPrivKey1, pubKey: pollPubKey1 } = user1Keypair;
     const { pubKey: pollPubKey2 } = new Keypair();
 
     const initialNonce = 1n;
@@ -204,7 +203,6 @@ describe("keyChange tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user1Keypair.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollPrivKey1.serialize(),
         stateIndex,
         pollId,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
@@ -293,7 +291,6 @@ describe("keyChange tests", function test() {
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress: maciAddresses.maciAddress,
         privateKey: user1Keypair.privKey.serialize(),
-        pollPrivKey: pollPrivKey1.serialize(),
         stateIndex,
         pollId,
         pollJoiningZkey: pollJoiningTestZkeyPath,
diff --git a/packages/cli/ts/commands/joinPoll.ts b/packages/cli/ts/commands/joinPoll.ts
index 4eb1e3bb2..9c7ea5bf7 100644
--- a/packages/cli/ts/commands/joinPoll.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/ts/commands/joinPoll.ts
@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ const joiningCircuitInputs = (
   stateTreeDepth: bigint,
   maciPrivKey: PrivKey,
   stateLeafIndex: bigint,
-  pollPrivKey: PrivKey,
   pollPubKey: PubKey,
   pollId: bigint,
 ): IPollJoiningCircuitInputs => {
@@ -141,7 +140,6 @@ const joiningCircuitInputs = (
 
   const circuitInputs = {
     privKey: maciPrivKey.asCircuitInputs(),
-    pollPrivKey: pollPrivKey.asCircuitInputs(),
     pollPubKey: pollPubKey.asCircuitInputs(),
     siblings: siblingsArray,
     indices,
@@ -162,7 +160,6 @@ const joiningCircuitInputs = (
 export const joinPoll = async ({
   maciAddress,
   privateKey,
-  pollPrivKey,
   stateIndex,
   stateFile,
   pollId,
@@ -198,11 +195,6 @@ export const joinPoll = async ({
   const userMaciPubKey = new Keypair(userMaciPrivKey).pubKey;
   const nullifier = poseidon([BigInt(userMaciPrivKey.asCircuitInputs()), pollId]);
 
-  // Create poll public key from poll private key
-  const pollPrivKeyDeserialized = PrivKey.deserialize(pollPrivKey);
-  const pollKeyPair = new Keypair(pollPrivKeyDeserialized);
-  const pollPubKey = pollKeyPair.pubKey;
-
   const maciContract = MACIFactory.connect(maciAddress, signer);
   const pollContracts = await maciContract.getPoll(pollId);
 
@@ -246,8 +238,7 @@ export const joinPoll = async ({
     circuitInputs = poll.joiningCircuitInputs({
       maciPrivKey: userMaciPrivKey,
       stateLeafIndex: loadedStateIndex!,
-      pollPrivKey: pollPrivKeyDeserialized,
-      pollPubKey,
+      pollPubKey: userMaciPubKey,
     }) as unknown as CircuitInputs;
   } else {
     // build an off-chain representation of the MACI contract using data in the contract storage
@@ -292,8 +283,7 @@ export const joinPoll = async ({
       stateTreeDepth,
       userMaciPrivKey,
       loadedStateIndex!,
-      pollPrivKeyDeserialized,
-      pollPubKey,
+      userMaciPubKey,
       pollId,
     ) as unknown as CircuitInputs;
   }
@@ -321,7 +311,7 @@ export const joinPoll = async ({
     // submit the message onchain as well as the encryption public key
     const tx = await pollContract.joinPoll(
       nullifier,
-      pollPubKey.asContractParam(),
+      userMaciPubKey.asContractParam(),
       currentStateRootIndex,
       proof,
       sgData,
diff --git a/packages/cli/ts/index.ts b/packages/cli/ts/index.ts
index 6c77ec630..1c428054d 100644
--- a/packages/cli/ts/index.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/ts/index.ts
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ program
   .requiredOption("-k, --priv-key <privKey>", "the private key")
   .option("-i, --state-index <stateIndex>", "the user's state index", BigInt)
   .requiredOption("-s, --sg-data <sgData>", "the signup gateway data")
-  .requiredOption("-e, --poll-priv-key <pollPrivKey>", "the user ephemeral private key for the poll")
   .option("-v, --ivcp-data <ivcpData>", "the initial voice credit proxy data")
   .option(
     "-n, --new-voice-credit-balance <newVoiceCreditBalance>",
@@ -253,7 +252,6 @@ program
       await joinPoll({
         maciAddress,
         privateKey,
-        pollPrivKey: cmdObj.pollPrivKey,
         stateIndex: cmdObj.stateIndex || undefined,
         stateFile: cmdObj.stateFile,
         pollId: cmdObj.pollId,
diff --git a/packages/cli/ts/utils/interfaces.ts b/packages/cli/ts/utils/interfaces.ts
index e31fdc136..448d8298c 100644
--- a/packages/cli/ts/utils/interfaces.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/ts/utils/interfaces.ts
@@ -459,11 +459,6 @@ export interface IJoinPollArgs {
    */
   pollWasm?: string;
 
-  /**
-   * Poll private key for the poll
-   */
-  pollPrivKey: string;
-
   /**
    * The signup gatekeeper data
    */
diff --git a/packages/core/ts/Poll.ts b/packages/core/ts/Poll.ts
index 8e87fe88f..7c853eb4a 100644
--- a/packages/core/ts/Poll.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ts/Poll.ts
@@ -434,14 +434,12 @@ export class Poll implements IPoll {
    * Create circuit input for pollJoining
    * @param maciPrivKey User's private key for signing up
    * @param stateLeafIndex Index where the user is stored in the state leaves
-   * @param pollPrivKey Poll's private key for the poll joining
-   * @param pollPubKey Poll's public key for the poll joining
+   * @param pollPubKey Poll's public key for joining the poll
    * @returns stringified circuit inputs
    */
   joiningCircuitInputs = ({
     maciPrivKey,
     stateLeafIndex,
-    pollPrivKey,
     pollPubKey,
   }: IJoiningCircuitArgs): IPollJoiningCircuitInputs => {
     // calculate the path elements for the state tree given the original state tree
@@ -476,7 +474,6 @@ export class Poll implements IPoll {
 
     const circuitInputs = {
       privKey: maciPrivKey.asCircuitInputs(),
-      pollPrivKey: pollPrivKey.asCircuitInputs(),
       pollPubKey: pollPubKey.asCircuitInputs(),
       siblings: siblingsArray,
       indices,
diff --git a/packages/core/ts/utils/types.ts b/packages/core/ts/utils/types.ts
index ad6139992..7e30791f6 100644
--- a/packages/core/ts/utils/types.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ts/utils/types.ts
@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ export interface IProcessMessagesOutput {
 export interface IJoiningCircuitArgs {
   maciPrivKey: PrivKey;
   stateLeafIndex: bigint;
-  pollPrivKey: PrivKey;
   pollPubKey: PubKey;
 }
 /**
@@ -147,7 +146,6 @@ export interface IJoiningCircuitArgs {
  */
 export interface IPollJoiningCircuitInputs {
   privKey: string;
-  pollPrivKey: string;
   pollPubKey: string[];
   stateLeaf: string[];
   siblings: string[][];
diff --git a/packages/integrationTests/ts/__tests__/integration.test.ts b/packages/integrationTests/ts/__tests__/integration.test.ts
index d17fc2a65..1e2cc8438 100644
--- a/packages/integrationTests/ts/__tests__/integration.test.ts
+++ b/packages/integrationTests/ts/__tests__/integration.test.ts
@@ -155,12 +155,10 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
   data.suites.forEach((testCase) => {
     it(testCase.description, async () => {
       const users = genTestUserCommands(testCase.numUsers, testCase.numVotesPerUser, testCase.bribers, testCase.votes);
-      const pollKeys: Keypair[] = Array.from({ length: testCase.numUsers }, () => new Keypair());
 
       // loop through all users and generate keypair + signup
       for (let i = 0; i < users.length; i += 1) {
         const user = users[i];
-        const pollKey = pollKeys[i];
         const timestamp = Date.now();
         // signup
         const stateIndex = BigInt(
@@ -175,7 +173,6 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
         await joinPoll({
           maciAddress: contracts.maciAddress,
           privateKey: user.keypair.privKey.serialize(),
-          pollPrivKey: pollKey.privKey.serialize(),
           stateIndex,
           pollId,
           pollJoiningZkey: path.resolve(__dirname, "../../../cli/zkeys/PollJoining_10_test/PollJoining_10_test.0.zkey"),
@@ -200,7 +197,7 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
         const inputNullifier = BigInt(user.keypair.privKey.asCircuitInputs());
         const nullifier = poseidon([inputNullifier]);
         const poll = maciState.polls.get(pollId);
-        poll?.joinPoll(nullifier, pollKey.pubKey, BigInt(initialVoiceCredits), BigInt(timestamp));
+        poll?.joinPoll(nullifier, user.keypair.pubKey, BigInt(initialVoiceCredits), BigInt(timestamp));
 
         // publish messages
         for (let j = 0; j < user.votes.length; j += 1) {
@@ -221,7 +218,7 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
 
           // actually publish it
           const encryptionKey = await publish({
-            pubkey: pollKey.pubKey.serialize(),
+            pubkey: user.keypair.pubKey.serialize(),
             stateIndex,
             voteOptionIndex: voteOptionIndex!,
             nonce,
@@ -230,7 +227,7 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
             maciAddress: contracts.maciAddress,
             salt,
             // if it's a key change command, then we pass the old private key otherwise just pass the current
-            privateKey: isKeyChange ? oldKeypair.privKey.serialize() : pollKey.privKey.serialize(),
+            privateKey: isKeyChange ? oldKeypair.privKey.serialize() : user.keypair.privKey.serialize(),
             signer,
           });
 
@@ -240,14 +237,14 @@ describe("Integration tests", function test() {
           // create the command to add to the local state
           const command = new PCommand(
             stateIndex,
-            pollKey.pubKey,
+            user.keypair.pubKey,
             voteOptionIndex!,
             newVoteWeight!,
             nonce,
             pollId,
             salt,
           );
-          const signature = command.sign(isKeyChange ? oldKeypair.privKey : pollKey.privKey);
+          const signature = command.sign(isKeyChange ? oldKeypair.privKey : user.keypair.privKey);
           const message = command.encrypt(signature, Keypair.genEcdhSharedKey(encPrivKey, coordinatorKeypair.pubKey));
           maciState.polls.get(pollId)?.publishMessage(message, encPubKey);
         }