1.15.3 / 2023-07-05

1.15.3 / 2023-07-05

Fixed

• Passing an object that is not a kind of XML::Node as the first parameter to CDATA.new now raises a TypeError. Previously this would result in either a segfault (CRuby) or a Java exception (JRuby). [#2920]
• Passing an object that is not a kind of XML::Node as the first parameter to Schema.from_document now raises a TypeError. Previously this would result in either a segfault (CRuby) or a Java exception (JRuby). [#2920]
• [CRuby] Passing an object that is not a kind of XML::Node as the second parameter to Text.new now raises a TypeError. Previously this would result in a segfault. [#2920]
• [CRuby] Replacing a node's children via methods like Node#inner_html=, #children=, and #replace no longer defensively dups the node's next sibling if it is a Text node. This behavior was originally adopted to work around libxml2's memory management (see #283 and #595) but should not have included operations involving xmlAddChild(). [#2916]
• [JRuby] Fixed NPE when serializing an unparented HTML node. [#2559, #2895] (Thanks, @cbasguti!)

---

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1.15.2 / 2023-05-24

1.15.2 / 2023-05-24

Dependencies

• [JRuby] Vendored org.nokogiri:nekodtd is updated to v0.1.11.noko2. This is functionally equivalent to v0.1.11.noko1 but restores support for Java 8.

Fixed

• [JRuby] Java 8 support is restored, fixing a regression present in v1.14.0..v1.14.4 and v1.15.0..v1.15.1. [#2887]

---

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1.14.5 / 2023-05-24

1.14.5 / 2023-05-24

Note

To ensure that JRuby users on Java 8 can apply the security changes from v1.14.4, we're cutting this release on the v1.14.x branch. We don't expect to make any more v1.14.x releases.

Dependencies

• [JRuby] Vendored org.nokogiri:nekodtd is updated to v0.1.11.noko2. This is functionally equivalent to v0.1.11.noko1 but restores support for Java 8.

Fixed

• [JRuby] Java 8 support is restored, fixing a regression introduced in v1.14.0. [#2887]

---

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1.15.1 / 2023-05-19

1.15.1 / 2023-05-19

Dependencies

• [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to v2.11.4 from v2.11.3. For details please see https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.11.4

Fixed

• [CRuby] The libxml2 update fixes an encoding regression when push-parsing UTF-8 sequences. [#2882, upstream issue and commit]

---

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1.15.0 / 2023-05-15

1.15.0 / 2023-05-15

Notes

Ability to opt into system malloc and free

Since 2009, Nokogiri has configured libxml2 to use ruby_xmalloc et al for memory management. This has provided benefits for memory management, but comes with a performance penalty.

Users can now opt into using system malloc for libxml2 memory management by setting an environment variable:

# "default" here means "libxml2's default" which is system malloc
NOKOGIRI_LIBXML_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT=default

Benchmarks show that this setting will significantly improve performance, but be aware that the tradeoff may involve poorer memory management including bloated heap sizes and/or OOM conditions.

You can read more about this in the decision record at adr/2023-04-libxml-memory-management.md.

Dependencies

• [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to v2.11.3 from v2.10.4. For details please see:
  • https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.11.0
  • https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.11.1
  • https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.11.2
  • https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/releases/v2.11.3
• [CRuby] Vendored libxslt is updated to v1.1.38 from v1.1.37. For details please see:
  • https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt/-/releases/v1.1.38

Added

• Encoding objects may now be passed to serialization methods like #to_xml, #to_html, #serialize, and #write_to to specify the output encoding. Previously only encoding names (strings) were accepted. [#2774, #2798] (Thanks, @ellaklara!)
• [CRuby] Users may opt into using system malloc for libxml2 memory management. For more detail, see note above or adr/2023-04-libxml-memory-management.md.

Changed

• [CRuby] Schema.from_document now makes a defensive copy of the document if it has blank text nodes with Ruby objects instantiated for them. This prevents unsafe behavior in libxml2 from causing a segfault. There is a small performance cost, but we think this has the virtue of being "what the user meant" since modifying the original is surprising behavior for most users. Previously this was addressed in v1.10.9 by raising an exception.

Fixed

• [CRuby] XSLT.transform now makes a defensive copy of the document if it has blank text nodes with Ruby objects instantiated for them and the template uses xsl:strip-spaces. This prevents unsafe behavior in libxslt from causing a segfault. There is a small performance cost, but we think this has the virtue of being "what the user meant" since modifying the original is surprising behavior for most users. Previously this would allow unsafe memory access and potentially segfault. [#2800]

Improved

• Nokogiri::XML::Node::SaveOptions#inspect now shows the names of the options set in the bitmask, similar to ParseOptions. [#2767]
• #inspect and pretty-printing are improved for AttributeDecl, ElementContent, ElementDecl, and EntityDecl.
• [CRuby] The C extension now uses Ruby's TypedData API for managing all the libxml2 structs. Write barriers may improve GC performance in some extreme cases. [#2808] (Thanks, @etiennebarrie and @byroot!)
• [CRuby] ObjectSpace.memsize_of reports a pretty good guess of memory usage when called on Nokogiri::XML::Document objects. [#2807] (Thanks, @etiennebarrie and @byroot!)
• [CRuby] Users installing the "ruby" platform gem and compiling libxml2 and libxslt from source will now be using a modern config.guess and config.sub that supports new architectures like loongarch64. [#2831] (Thanks, @zhangwenlong8911!)
• [CRuby] HTML5 parser:
  • adjusts the specified attributes, adding xlink:arcrole and removing xml:base [#2841, #2842]
  • allows <hr> in <select> [whatwg/html#3410, whatwg/html#9124]
• [JRuby] Node#first_element_child now returns nil if there are only non-element children. Previously a null pointer exception was raised. [#2808, #2844]
• Documentation for Nokogiri::XSLT now has usage examples including custom function handlers.

Deprecated

• Passing a Nokogiri::XML::Node as the first parameter to CDATA.new is deprecated and will generate a warning. This parameter should be a kind of Nokogiri::XML::Document. This will become an error in a future version of Nokogiri.
• Passing a Nokogiri::XML::Node as the first parameter to Schema.from_document is deprecated and will generate a warning. This parameter should be a kind of Nokogiri::XML::Document. This will become an error in a future version of Nokogiri.
• Passing a Nokogiri::XML::Node as the second parameter to Text.new is deprecated and will generate a warning. This parameter should be a kind of Nokogiri::XML::Document. This will become an error in a future version of Nokogiri.
• [CRuby] Calling a custom XPath function without the nokogiri namespace is deprecated and will generate a warning. Support for non-namespaced functions will be removed in a future version of Nokogiri. (Note that JRuby has never supported non-namespaced custom XPath functions.)

Thank you!

The following people and organizations were kind enough to sponsor @flavorjones or the Nokogiri project during the development of v1.15.0:

• Götz Görisch (@GoetzGoerisch)
• Airbnb (@airbnb)
• Kyohei Nanba (@kyo-nanba)
• Maxime Gauthier (@biximilien)
• @renuo
• @dbootyfvrt
• YOSHIDA Katsuhiko (@kyoshidajp)
• Homebrew (@Homebrew)
• Hiroshi SHIBATA (@hsbt)
• PuLLi (@the-pulli)
• SiteLog GmbH (@sitelog-gmbh)
• @zzak
• Evil Martians (@evilmartians)
• Ajaya Agrawalla (@ajaya)
• Modern Treasury (@Modern-Treasury)
• Danilo Lessa Bernardineli (@danlessa)

We'd also like to thank @github who donate a ton of compute time for our CI pipelines!

---

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1.14.4 / 2023-05-11

1.14.4 / 2023-05-11

Dependencies

• [JRuby] Vendored Xalan-J is updated to v2.7.3. This is the first Xalan release in nine years, and it was done to address CVE-2022-34169.

  The Nokogiri maintainers wish to stress that Nokogiri users were not vulnerable to this CVE, as we explained in GHSA-qwq9-89rg-ww72, and so upgrading is really at the discretion of users.

  This release was cut primarily so that JRuby users of v1.14.x can avoid vulnerability scanner alerts on earlier versions of Xalan-J.

---

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1.14.3 / 2023-04-11

1.14.3 / 2023-04-11

Security

• [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to address CVE-2023-29469, CVE-2023-28484, and one other security-related issue. See GHSA-pxvg-2qj5-37jqGHSA-pxvg-2qj5-37jq for more information.

Dependencies

• [CRuby] Vendored libxml2 is updated to v2.10.4 from v2.10.3.

---

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1.14.2 / 2023-02-13

1.14.2 / 2023-02-13

Fixed

• Calling NodeSet#to_html on an empty node set no longer raises an encoding-related exception. This bug was introduced in v1.14.0 while fixing #2649. [#2784]

---

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1.14.1 / 2023-01-30

1.14.1 / 2023-01-30

Fixed

• Serializing documents now works again with pseudo-IO objects that don't support IO's encoding API (like rubyzip's Zip::OutputStream). This was a regression in v1.14.0 due to the fix for #752 in #2434, and was not completely fixed by #2753. [#2773]
• [CRuby] Address compiler warnings about void* casting and old-style C function definitions.

---

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1.14.0 / 2023-01-12

1.14.0 / 2023-01-12

Notable Changes

Ruby

This release introduces native gem support for Ruby 3.2. (Also see "Technical note" under "Changed" below.)

This release ends support for:

• Ruby 2.6, for which upstream support ended 2022-04-12.
• JRuby 9.3, which is not fully compatible with Ruby 2.7+

Faster, more reliable installation: Native Gem for aarch64-linux (aka linux/arm64/v8)

This version of Nokogiri ships official native gem support for the aarch64-linux platform, which should support AWS Graviton and other ARM64 Linux platforms. Please note that glibc >= 2.29 is required for aarch64-linux systems, see Supported Platforms for more information.

Faster, more reliable installation: Native Gem for arm-linux (aka linux/arm/v7)

This version of Nokogiri ships experimental native gem support for the arm-linux platform. Please note that glibc >= 2.29 is required for arm-linux systems, see Supported Platforms for more information.

Pattern matching

This version introduces an experimental pattern matching API for XML::Attr, XML::Document, XML::DocumentFragment, XML::Namespace, XML::Node, and XML::NodeSet (and their subclasses).

Some documentation on what can be matched:

• XML::Attr#deconstruct_keys
• XML::Document#deconstruct_keys
• XML::Namespace#deconstruct_keys
• XML::Node#deconstruct_keys
• XML::DocumentFragment#deconstruct
• XML::NodeSet#deconstruct

We welcome feedback on this API at #2360.

Dependencies

CRuby

• Vendored libiconv is updated to v1.17

JRuby

• This version of Nokogiri uses jar-dependencies to manage most of the vendored Java dependencies. nokogiri -v now outputs maven metadata for all Java dependencies, and Nokogiri::VERSION_INFO also contains this metadata. [#2432]
• HTML parsing is now provided by net.sourceforge.htmlunit:neko-htmlunit:2.61.0 (previously Nokogiri used a fork of org.cyberneko.html:nekohtml)
• Vendored Jing is updated from com.thaiopensource:jing:20091111 to nu.validator:jing:20200702VNU.
• New dependency on net.sf.saxon:Saxon-HE:9.6.0-4 (via nu.validator:jing:20200702VNU).

Added

• Node#wrap and NodeSet#wrap now also accept a Node type argument, which will be duped for each wrapper. For cases where many nodes are being wrapped, creating a Node once using Document#create_element and passing that Node multiple times is significantly faster than re-parsing markup on each call. [#2657]
• [CRuby] Invocation of custom XPath or CSS handler functions may now use the nokogiri namespace prefix. Historically, the JRuby implementation required this namespace but the CRuby implementation did not support it. It's recommended that all XPath and CSS queries use the nokogiri namespace going forward. Invocation without the namespace is planned for deprecation in v1.15.0 and removal in a future release. [#2147]
• HTML5::Document#quirks_mode and HTML5::DocumentFragment#quirks_mode expose the quirks mode used by the parser.

Improved

Functional

• HTML5 parser update to reflect changes to the living specification:
  • Add the <search> element by domenic · whatwg/html
  • Remove parse error for <template><tr></tr> </template> by zcorpan · whatwg/html

Performance

• Serialization of HTML5 documents and fragments has been re-implemented and is ~10x faster than previous versions. [#2596, #2569]
• Parsing of HTML5 documents is ~90% faster thanks to additional compiler optimizations being applied. [#2639]
• Compare Encoding objects rather than compare their names. This is a slight performance improvement and is future-proof. [#2454] (Thanks, @casperisfine!)

Error handling

• Document#canonicalize now raises an exception if inclusive_namespaces is non-nil and the mode is inclusive, i.e. XML_C14N_1_0 or XML_C14N_1_1. inclusive_namespaces can only be passed with exclusive modes, and previously this silently failed.
• Empty CSS selectors now raise a clearer Nokogiri::CSS::SyntaxError message, "empty CSS selector". Previously the exception raised from the bowels of racc was "unexpected '$' after ''". [#2700]
• [CRuby] XML::Reader parsing errors encountered during Reader#attribute_hash and Reader#namespaces now raise an XML::SyntaxError. Previously these methods would return nil and users would generally experience NoMethodErrors from elsewhere in the code.
• Prefer ruby_xmalloc to malloc within the C extension. [#2480] (Thanks, @Garfield96!)

Installation

• Avoid compile-time conflict with system-installed gumbo.h on OpenBSD. [#2464]
• Remove calls to vasprintf in favor of platform-independent rb_vsprintf
• Installation from source on systems missing libiconv will once again generate a helpful error message (broken since v1.11.0). [#2505]
• [CRuby+OSX] Compiling from source on MacOS will use the clang option -Wno-unknown-warning-option to avoid errors when Ruby injects options that clang doesn't know about. [#2689]

Fixed

• SAX::Parser's encoding attribute will not be clobbered when an alternative encoding is passed into SAX::Parser#parse_io. [#1942] (Thanks, @kp666!)
• Serialized HTML4::DocumentFragment will now be properly encoded. Previously this empty string was encoded as US-ASCII. [#2649]
• Node#wrap now uses the parent as the context node for parsing wrapper markup, falling back to the document for unparented nodes. Previously the document was always used.
• [CRuby] UTF-16-encoded documents longer than ~4000 code points now serialize properly. Previously the serialized document was corrupted when it exceeded the length of libxml2's internal string buffer. [#752]
• [CRuby] The HTML5 parser now correctly handles text at the end of form elements.
• [CRuby] HTML5::Document#fragment now always uses body as the parsing context. Previously, fragments were parsed in the context of the associated document's root node, which allowed for inconsistent parsing. [#2553]
• [CRuby] Nokogiri::HTML5::Document#url now correctly returns the URL passed to the constructor method. Previously it always returned nil. [#2583]
• [CRuby] HTML5 encoding detection is now case-insensitive with respect to meta tag charset declaration. [#2693]
• [CRuby] HTML5 fragment parsing in context of an annotation-xml node now works. Previously this rarely-used path invoked rb_funcall with incorrect parameters, resulting in an exception, a fatal error, or potentially a segfault. [#2692]
• [CRuby] HTML5 quirks mode during fragment parsing more closely matches document parsing. [#2646]
• [JRuby] Fixed a bug with adding the same namespace to multiple nodes via #add_namespace_definition. [#1247]
• [JRuby] NodeSet#[] now raises a TypeError if passed an invalid parameter type. [#2211]

Deprecated

• Nokogiri.install_default_aliases is deprecated in favor of Nokogiri::EncodingHandler.install_default_aliases. This is part of a private API and is probably not called by anybody, but we'll go through a deprecation cycle before removal anyway. [#2643, #2446]

Changed

• [CRuby+OSX] Technical note: On MacOS Ruby 3.2, the symbols from libxml2 and libxslt are no longer exported. Ruby 3.2 adopted new features from the Darwin toolchain that make it challenging to continue to support this rarely-used binary API. A future minor release of Nokogiri may remove these sy...