catalogs.yml parsing

[MichelleArk]

Resolves #

Problem

Solution

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me.
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue.
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required or relevant for this PR.
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g., macros, CLI, logs, JSON artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX.
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions.

TODO:

• move plain-old data objects to dbt/artifacts/resources
• add catalogs to build
• clean up exceptions
• more functional tests for validation

[github-actions]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 93.04348% with 8 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 88.90%. Comparing base (892c545) to head (bf21723).
Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11162      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.93%   88.90%   -0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         187      189       +2     
  Lines       24092    24218     +126     
==========================================
+ Hits        21427    21530     +103     
- Misses       2665     2688      +23     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	86.22% <93.04%> (-0.11%)	⬇️
unit	62.33% <48.69%> (-0.09%)	⬇️

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Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	62.33% <48.69%> (-0.09%)	⬇️
Integration Tests	86.22% <93.04%> (-0.11%)	⬇️