[CI] Add workflow to guard against increases in the binary size

.github/workflows/ci-lint-checks.yaml

@@ -117,3 +117,70 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run unit tests for scripts
       run: |
         SHUNIT2=.tools/shunit2 bash scripts/utils/compute-tags.test.sh
+
+  binary-size-check:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: step-security/harden-runner@91182cccc01eb5e619899d80e4e971d6181294a7 # v2.10.1
+      with:
+        egress-policy: audit 
+
+    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938 # v4.2.0
+      with:
+        submodules: true
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@3041bf56c941b39c61721a86cd11f3bb1338122a # v5.2.0
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.23.x
+
+    - name: Setup Node.js version
+      uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node.js
+
+    - name: Build jaeger binary
+      run: make build-jaeger
+
+    - name: Calculate jaeger binary size
+      run: |
+        TOTAL_SIZE=$(du -sb ./cmd/jaeger/jaeger-linux-amd64 | cut -f1)
+        echo "$TOTAL_SIZE" > ./new_jaeger_binary_size.txt
+        echo "Total binary size: $TOTAL_SIZE bytes"
+
+    - name: Restore previous binary size
+      id: cache-binary-size
+      uses: actions/cache/restore@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57      #v4.2.0
+      with:
+        path: ./jaeger_binary_size.txt
+        key: jaeger_binary_size
+        restore-keys: |
+          jaeger_binary_size
+
+    - name: Compare jaeger binary sizes
+      if: steps.cache-binary-size.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+      run: |
+        OLD_BINARY_SIZE=$(cat ./jaeger_binary_size.txt)
+        NEW_BINARY_SIZE=$(cat ./new_jaeger_binary_size.txt)
+        echo "Previous binary size: $OLD_BINARY_SIZE bytes"
+        echo "New binary size: $NEW_BINARY_SIZE bytes"
+
+        SIZE_CHANGE=$(( $NEW_BINARY_SIZE - $OLD_BINARY_SIZE ))
+        PERCENTAGE_CHANGE=$(( SIZE_CHANGE * 100 / $OLD_BINARY_SIZE ))
+        echo "Size change: $PERCENTAGE_CHANGE%"
+        if [ $PERCENTAGE_CHANGE -gt 2 ]; then
+          echo "❌ binary size increased by more than 2% ($PERCENTAGE_CHANGE%)"
+          exit 1
+        else
+          echo "✅ binary size change is within acceptable range ($PERCENTAGE_CHANGE%)"
+        fi
+
+
+    - name: Remove previous *_binary_*.txt
+      run: |
+        rm -rf ./jaeger_binary_size.txt
+        mv ./new_jaeger_binary_size.txt ./jaeger_binary_size.txt
+
+    - name: Save new jaeger binary size
+      if: ${{ (github.event_name == 'push') && (github.ref == 'refs/heads/main') }}
+      uses: actions/cache/save@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57     #v4.2.0
+      with:
+        path: ./jaeger_binary_size.txt
+        key: jaeger_binary_size_${{ github.run_id }}