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--- | ||
tags: [ compression ] | ||
--- | ||
7z [Args] [archive.7z] [files / folders to archive] | ||
A file archiver with highest compression ratio | ||
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Args: | ||
a add | ||
d delete | ||
e extract | ||
l list | ||
t test | ||
u update | ||
x extract with full paths | ||
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DO NOT USE the 7-zip format for backup purpose on Linux/Unix. | ||
7-zip does not store the owner/group of the file. | ||
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On Linux/Unix, in order to backup directories you must use tar : | ||
- to backup a directory : tar cf - directory | 7z a -si directory.tar.7z | ||
- to restore your backup : 7z x -so directory.tar.7z | tar xf - | ||
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If you want to send files and directories (not the owner of file) to others | ||
Unix/MacOS/Windows users, you can use the 7-zip format. | ||
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Example 1: Quick and Easy - Add all files in dir1 to archive.7z with Default Settings. | ||
7z a archive.7z dir1 | ||
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Example 2: Add all files in dir1 to archive.7z with Max Compression | ||
7z a -t7z -m0=lzma -mx=9 -mfb=64 -md=32m -ms=on archive.7z dir1 | ||
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-t7z 7z archive | ||
-m0=lzma lzma method | ||
-mx=9 level of compression = 9 (ultra) | ||
-mfb=64 number of fast bytes for lzma = 64 | ||
-md=32m dictionary size = 32 Mb | ||
-ms=on solid archive = on | ||
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Example 3: Add (store) all files in dir1 to archive.7z with No Compression | ||
7z a -m0=copy archive.7z dir1 | ||
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7z exit codes: | ||
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0 normal (no errors or warnings) | ||
1 warning (non-fatal errors) | ||
2 fatal error | ||
7 bad cli arguments | ||
8 not enough memory for operation | ||
255 process was interrupted |
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# To send 100 requests with a concurency of 50 requests to a URL: | ||
ab -n 100 -c 50 <url> | ||
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# To send requests for 30 seconds with a concurency of 50 requests to a URL: | ||
ab -t 30 -c 50 <url> |
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# Get ACL | ||
getfacl <file> | ||
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# Add or modify ACL on file | ||
setfacl -m u:username:rX <file> | ||
setfacl -m g:groupname:rw <file> | ||
setfacl -m o::- <file> | ||
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# or provide all permissions at once | ||
setfacl -m u::rwx,g:groupname:rX,o::- <file> | ||
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# Copy ACL from file-A to file-B | ||
getfacl file-A | setfacl -M - file-B | ||
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# Apply ACL recursivelly to directory | ||
setfacl -R -m u:username:rX <directory> | ||
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# Delete ACL | ||
setfacl -x u:username,g:groupname <file> | ||
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# Delete all ACL on file, including default | ||
setfacl -b <file> | ||
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# Same operations works for default ACLs | ||
setfacl -m d:u:username:rx <directory> | ||
setfacl -x d:u:username <directory> | ||
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# Delete only default ACLs | ||
setfacl -k <directory> |
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# To exclude a directory from a search: | ||
ag <phrase> --ignore-dir=<dir> | ||
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# To exclude a file from a search: | ||
ag <phrase> --ignore=<file> | ||
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# To force colorization: | ||
ag <phrase> --color | less -R | ||
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# To search for <phrase> in files whose names match <pattern>: | ||
ag <phrase> -G <pattern> |
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# To show a list of your current shell aliases: | ||
alias | ||
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# To alias `ls -l` to `ll`: | ||
alias ll='ls -l' | ||
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# To remove alias: | ||
unalias ll |
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# Reset | ||
Color_Off='\e[0m' # Text Reset | ||
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# Regular Colors | ||
Black='\e[0;30m' # Black | ||
Red='\e[0;31m' # Red | ||
Green='\e[0;32m' # Green | ||
Yellow='\e[0;33m' # Yellow | ||
Blue='\e[0;34m' # Blue | ||
Purple='\e[0;35m' # Purple | ||
Cyan='\e[0;36m' # Cyan | ||
White='\e[0;37m' # White | ||
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# Bold | ||
BBlack='\e[1;30m' # Black | ||
BRed='\e[1;31m' # Red | ||
BGreen='\e[1;32m' # Green | ||
BYellow='\e[1;33m' # Yellow | ||
BBlue='\e[1;34m' # Blue | ||
BPurple='\e[1;35m' # Purple | ||
BCyan='\e[1;36m' # Cyan | ||
BWhite='\e[1;37m' # White | ||
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# Underline | ||
UBlack='\e[4;30m' # Black | ||
URed='\e[4;31m' # Red | ||
UGreen='\e[4;32m' # Green | ||
UYellow='\e[4;33m' # Yellow | ||
UBlue='\e[4;34m' # Blue | ||
UPurple='\e[4;35m' # Purple | ||
UCyan='\e[4;36m' # Cyan | ||
UWhite='\e[4;37m' # White | ||
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# Background | ||
On_Black='\e[40m' # Black | ||
On_Red='\e[41m' # Red | ||
On_Green='\e[42m' # Green | ||
On_Yellow='\e[43m' # Yellow | ||
On_Blue='\e[44m' # Blue | ||
On_Purple='\e[45m' # Purple | ||
On_Cyan='\e[46m' # Cyan | ||
On_White='\e[47m' # White | ||
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# High Intensity | ||
IBlack='\e[0;90m' # Black | ||
IRed='\e[0;91m' # Red | ||
IGreen='\e[0;92m' # Green | ||
IYellow='\e[0;93m' # Yellow | ||
IBlue='\e[0;94m' # Blue | ||
IPurple='\e[0;95m' # Purple | ||
ICyan='\e[0;96m' # Cyan | ||
IWhite='\e[0;97m' # White | ||
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# Bold High Intensity | ||
BIBlack='\e[1;90m' # Black | ||
BIRed='\e[1;91m' # Red | ||
BIGreen='\e[1;92m' # Green | ||
BIYellow='\e[1;93m' # Yellow | ||
BIBlue='\e[1;94m' # Blue | ||
BIPurple='\e[1;95m' # Purple | ||
BICyan='\e[1;96m' # Cyan | ||
BIWhite='\e[1;97m' # White | ||
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# High Intensity backgrounds | ||
On_IBlack='\e[0;100m' # Black | ||
On_IRed='\e[0;101m' # Red | ||
On_IGreen='\e[0;102m' # Green | ||
On_IYellow='\e[0;103m' # Yellow | ||
On_IBlue='\e[0;104m' # Blue | ||
On_IPurple='\e[0;105m' # Purple | ||
On_ICyan='\e[0;106m' # Cyan | ||
On_IWhite='\e[0;107m' # White |
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--- | ||
tags: [ orchestration ] | ||
--- | ||
# To run a command on multiple instances at once - using `servers` group from `inventory.yml`: | ||
ansible -u ansible -i inventory.yml servers -m shell -a "ls /var" |
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--- | ||
tags: [ orchestration ] | ||
--- | ||
# To install a role: | ||
ansible-galaxy install <user>.<role> | ||
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# To remove a role: | ||
ansible-galaxy remove <user>.<role> | ||
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# To list installed roles: | ||
ansible-galaxy list | ||
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# To search for a given role: | ||
ansible-galaxy search <role> | ||
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# To create a new role: | ||
ansible-galaxy init <role> | ||
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# To get the information for the role # or a collection if you replace `role` with `collection`: | ||
ansible-galaxy role info <user>.<role> |
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--- | ||
tags: [ orchestration ] | ||
--- | ||
# To enncrypt string using keyfile `backup_encryption_key`: | ||
ansible-vault encrypt_string 'SupersecretPa$$phrase' --name 'backup_encryption_key' |
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--- | ||
tags: [ packaging ] | ||
--- | ||
# To install a package: | ||
apk add <package> | ||
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# To remove a package: | ||
apk del <package> | ||
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# To update repos: | ||
apk update | ||
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# To upgrade all packages: | ||
apk upgrade | ||
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# To find a package: | ||
apk search <package> |
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# apparmor will protect a system by confining programs to a limited set of resources. | ||
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# To activate a profile: | ||
sudo aa-enforce usr.bin.firefox | ||
# or | ||
export _PROFILE_='usr.bin.firefox' sudo $(rm /etc/apparmor.d/disable/$_PROFILE_ ; cat /etc/apparmor.d/$_PROFILE_ | apparmor_parser -a ) | ||
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# To disable a profile: | ||
sudo aa-disable usr.bin.firefox | ||
# or | ||
export _PROFILE_='usr.bin.firefox' sudo $(ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/$_PROFILE_ /etc/apparmor.d/disable/ && apparmor_parser -R /etc/apparmor.d/$_PROFILE_) | ||
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# To list profiles loaded: | ||
sudo aa-status | ||
# or | ||
sudo apparmor_status | ||
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# List of available profiles: /etc/apparmor.d/ |
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--- | ||
tags: [ packaging ] | ||
--- | ||
# To find packages matching <phrase>: | ||
apt search <phrase> | ||
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# To show information on a package: | ||
apt show <package> | ||
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# To fetch package list: | ||
apt update | ||
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# To download and install the updates and (UNLIKE apt-get) install new necessary packages: | ||
apt upgrade | ||
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# To download and install the updates AND install new necessary packages | ||
# AND remove packages that stand in the way of the upgrade - use with caution! | ||
apt dist-upgrade | ||
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# To perform a full system upgrade: | ||
apt update && apt upgrade # use dist-upgrade carefully if needed | ||
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# To install package(s): | ||
apt install <package>... | ||
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# To uninstall package(s): | ||
apt remove <package>... | ||
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# To remove automatically all unused packages: | ||
apt autoremove | ||
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# To list dependencies of a package: | ||
apt depends <package>... | ||
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# To remove packages and delete their config files: | ||
apt purge <package>... |
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--- | ||
tags: [ packaging ] | ||
--- | ||
# To find packages matching <phrase>: | ||
apt-cache search <phrase> | ||
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# To display package records for the named package(s): | ||
apt-cache show <package>... | ||
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# To display reverse dependencies of a package: | ||
apt-cache rdepends <package> | ||
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# To display package versions, reverse dependencies and forward dependencies of | ||
# a package | ||
apt-cache showpkg <package> | ||
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# To display package installation status and what version is available from | ||
# its repository | ||
apt-cache policy <package> |
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--- | ||
tags: [ packaging ] | ||
--- | ||
# To fetch package list: | ||
apt-get update | ||
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# To download and install package updates: | ||
apt-get upgrade | ||
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# To download and install the updates AND install new necessary packages | ||
# AND remove any packages that stand in the way of the upgrade: | ||
apt-get dist-upgrade | ||
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# Full command: | ||
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade | ||
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# To install a new package(s): | ||
apt-get install <package>... | ||
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# To download a package without installing it. (The package will be downloaded in your current working dir) | ||
apt-get download <package> | ||
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# To change cache dir and archive dir (where .deb are stored): | ||
apt-get -o Dir::Cache="/path/to/destination/dir/" -o Dir::Cache::archives="./" install ... | ||
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# To show apt-get installed packages: | ||
grep 'install ' /var/log/dpkg.log | ||
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# To silently keep old configuration during batch updates: | ||
apt-get update -o DPkg::Options::='--force-confold' ... |
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--- | ||
tags: [ packaging ] | ||
--- | ||
# To find packages matching <phrase>: | ||
aptitude search <phrase> | ||
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# To display package records for the named package(s): | ||
aptitude show <package>... | ||
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# To install package(s): | ||
aptitude install <package>... | ||
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# To remove package(s): | ||
aptitude remove <package>... | ||
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# To remove unnecessary package: | ||
aptitude autoclean |
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# To download a file: | ||
# The url can be a http(s), ftp, .torrent file or even a magnet link | ||
aria2c <url> | ||
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# To prevent downloading the .torrent file: | ||
aria2c --follow-torrent=mem <url> | ||
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# Download 1 file at a time (-j) | ||
# continuing (-c) any partially downloaded ones | ||
# to the directory specified (-d) | ||
# reading urls from the file (-i) | ||
aria2c -j 1 -c -d ~/Downloads -i /path/to/file |
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# To show some text in ASCII Art: | ||
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figlet Cheat | ||
# ____ _ _ | ||
# / ___| |__ ___ __ _| |_ | ||
#| | | '_ \ / _ \/ _` | __| | ||
#| |___| | | | __/ (_| | |_ | ||
# \____|_| |_|\___|\__,_|\__| | ||
# | ||
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# To have some text with color and other options: | ||
# Show with a border | ||
toilet -F border Cheat | ||
# Basic show (filled) | ||
toilet Cheat | ||
# mmm # m | ||
# m" " # mm mmm mmm mm#mm | ||
# # #" # #" # " # # | ||
# # # # #"""" m"""# # | ||
# "mmm" # # "#mm" "mm"# "mm | ||
# |
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